Journal of Medicine and Philosophy最新文献_第10页

Tōjisha Research and Narrative Medicine: Contribution of a Japanese Experiment in the Investigation of Patients' Personal Experience. Tōjisha研究与叙事医学:日本实验对患者个人经历调查的贡献。

IF 1.6 3区哲学

Journal of Medicine and Philosophy Pub Date : 2022-12-23 DOI: 10.1093/jmp/jhac025

Maxence Gaillard

引用次数: 0

Assisted Death, Dignity, and Respect for Humanity. 协助死亡，尊严和对人类的尊重。

IF 1.6 3区哲学

Journal of Medicine and Philosophy Pub Date : 2022-12-23 DOI: 10.1093/jmp/jhac024

Morten Dige

引用次数: 1

Moral Injury, Moral Identity, and "Dirty Hands" in War Fighting and Police Work. 战争与警察工作中的道德伤害、道德认同与“脏手”。

IF 1.6 3区哲学

Journal of Medicine and Philosophy Pub Date : 2022-12-23 DOI: 10.1093/jmp/jhac028

Seumas Miller

{"title":"Moral Injury, Moral Identity, and \"Dirty Hands\" in War Fighting and Police Work.","authors":"Seumas Miller","doi":"10.1093/jmp/jhac028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jmp/jhac028","url":null,"abstract":"In this article, I undertake three main tasks. First, I argue that, contrary to the standard view, moral injury is not a species of PTSD (post-traumatic stress disorder) but rather, on the most coherent conception of moral injury, PTSD is (in effect) a species of moral injury. In doing so, I make use of the notion of caring deeply about something or someone worthy of being cared deeply about. Second, I consider so-called \"dirty hands\" actions in police work and in war, and distinguish these from the morally legitimate, but harmful, actions of police officers and of war fighters, such as the morally legitimate use of coercive force and lethal force (respectively). While the morally legitimate use of harmful methods is constitutive of these occupational roles, \"dirty hands\" methods are not. Roughly speaking, a \"dirty hands\" action is one that is morally wrong and (typically) unlawful but done for the sake of a good outcome. Both categories of action are conducive to moral injury, but \"dirty hands\" actions much more so, especially given the slippery moral slope from \"dirty hands\" actions to egregious moral wrongdoing. Third, I offer some recommendations for reducing moral injury among police officers and war fighters.","PeriodicalId":47377,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medicine and Philosophy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9096286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

"Accompanied Only by My Thoughts": A Kantian Perspective on Autonomy at the End of Life. “只有我的思想陪伴”:康德对生命尽头自主性的看法。

IF 1.6 3区哲学

Journal of Medicine and Philosophy Pub Date : 2022-12-23 DOI: 10.1093/jmp/jhac026

Anna Magdalena Elsner, Vanessa Rampton

{"title":"\"Accompanied Only by My Thoughts\": A Kantian Perspective on Autonomy at the End of Life.","authors":"Anna Magdalena Elsner, Vanessa Rampton","doi":"10.1093/jmp/jhac026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jmp/jhac026","url":null,"abstract":"Within bioethics, Kant's conception of autonomy is often portrayed as excessively rationalistic, abstract, and individualistic, and, therefore, far removed from the reality of patients' needs. Drawing on recent contributions in Kantian philosophy, we argue that specific features of Kantian autonomy remain relevant for medical ethics and for patient experience. We use contemporary end-of-life illness narratives-a resource that has not been analyzed with respect to autonomy-and show how they illustrate important Kantian themes, namely, the duty to know oneself, the interest in elaborating universalizable principles, and the emphasis on ideals as points of orientation that guide behavior without ever being fully realized. As Kant does, the patient-authors discussed here perceive the end of life as a moment to reflect on the constitutive principles which have governed that life, thereby offering a privileged moment to pursue self-knowledge. We argue that bioethical conceptions of autonomy stand to gain if they revise their conception of Kantian moral philosophy as too formal, abstract, and detached from emotions and personal relationships to be helpfully applied.","PeriodicalId":47377,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medicine and Philosophy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/a4/f9/jhac026.PMC9872763.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9096287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Pathologizing Ugliness: A Conceptual Analysis of the Naturalist and Normativist Claims in "Aesthetic Pathology". 病态化的丑陋:《美学病理学》中自然主义和规范主义主张的概念分析。

IF 1.6 3区哲学

Journal of Medicine and Philosophy Pub Date : 2022-12-23 DOI: 10.1093/jmp/jhac039

Yves Saint James Aquino

{"title":"Pathologizing Ugliness: A Conceptual Analysis of the Naturalist and Normativist Claims in \"Aesthetic Pathology\".","authors":"Yves Saint James Aquino","doi":"10.1093/jmp/jhac039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jmp/jhac039","url":null,"abstract":"Pathologizing ugliness refers to the use of disease language and medical processes to foster and support the claim that undesirable features are pathological conditions requiring medical or surgical intervention. Primarily situated in cosmetic surgery, the practice appeals to the concept of \"aesthetic pathology\", which is a medical designation for features that deviate from some designated aesthetic norms. This article offers a two-pronged conceptual analysis of aesthetic pathology. First, I argue that three sets of claims, derived from normativist and naturalistic accounts of disease, inform the framing of ugliness as a disease. These claims concern: (1) aesthetic harms, (2) aesthetic dysfunction, and (3) aesthetic deviation. Second, I introduce the notion of a hybridization loop in medicine, which merges the naturalist and normative understanding of the disease that potentially enables pathologizing practices. In the context of cosmetic surgery, the loop simultaneously promotes the framing of beauty ideals as normal biological attributes and the framing of normal appearance as an aesthetic ideal to legitimize the need for cosmetic interventions. The article thus offers an original discussion of the conceptual problems arising from a specific practice in cosmetic surgery that depicts ugliness as the disease.","PeriodicalId":47377,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medicine and Philosophy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/22/98/jhac039.PMC9784898.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9096290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Can the Future-Like-Ours Argument Survive Ontological Scrutiny? “像我们一样的未来”的论点能经受住本体论的审视吗?

IF 1.6 3区哲学

Journal of Medicine and Philosophy Pub Date : 2022-11-21 DOI: 10.1093/jmp/jhab033

Matthew Adams, Nicholas Rimell

引用次数: 0

Human Nature and Aspiring the Divine: On Antiquity and Transhumanism. 人性与追求神性:论古代与超人类主义。

IF 1.6 3区哲学

Journal of Medicine and Philosophy Pub Date : 2022-11-21 DOI: 10.1093/jmp/jhac023

Sarah Malanowski, Nicholas R Baima

引用次数: 0

Take Pity: What Disability Rights Can Learn from Religious Charity. 同情:残疾人权利可以从宗教慈善中学到什么。

IF 1.6 3区哲学

Journal of Medicine and Philosophy Pub Date : 2022-11-21 DOI: 10.1093/jmp/jhac017

Harold Braswell

{"title":"Take Pity: What Disability Rights Can Learn from Religious Charity.","authors":"Harold Braswell","doi":"10.1093/jmp/jhac017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jmp/jhac017","url":null,"abstract":"Disability rights advocates have traditionally denigrated charity as politically counterproductive and inherently demeaning. This article argues that this perspective mischaracterizes charity of a religious kind. Religious charity, I argue, must be understood immanently, through an exploration of the virtues cultivated in particular religious organizations. I consider two Catholic charities: L'Arche, a community for intellectually disabled people, and the end-of-life care facility Our Lady of Perpetual Help Home. At each organization, individual acts of charity are emblematic of an underlying virtue that I call caritas or charity-love. This transforms them into gestures that advance goals that are consonant with those of the disability rights movement. In the case of Our Lady, this is even true of pity, perhaps the most despised emotion of the disability rights tradition. But while disability rights advocates have characterized pity as essentially devaluing disabled people, at Our Lady, it is an emotion that freely circulates, undoing hierarchical distinctions between ability and disability, and even human and divine. This redefined notion of pity-which I term misericordia-can, I conclude provide a new foundation for disability politics, one that radicalizes the goals of the disability rights movement, while also positing objectives that go beyond legal compliance.","PeriodicalId":47377,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medicine and Philosophy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10844395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Disability, Enhancement, and Flourishing. 残疾、增强和繁荣。

IF 1.6 3区哲学

Journal of Medicine and Philosophy Pub Date : 2022-11-21 DOI: 10.1093/jmp/jhac018

Jason T Eberl

{"title":"Disability, Enhancement, and Flourishing.","authors":"Jason T Eberl","doi":"10.1093/jmp/jhac018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jmp/jhac018","url":null,"abstract":"Recent debate among bioethicists concerns the potential to enhance human beings' physical or cognitive capacities by means of genetic, pharmacological, cybernetic, or surgical interventions. Between \"transhumanists,\" who argue for unreserved enhancement of human capabilities, and \"bioconservatives,\" who warn against any non-therapeutic manipulation of humanity's natural condition, lie those who support limited forms of enhancement for the sake of individual and collective human flourishing. Many scholars representing these views also share a concern over the status and interests of human beings with various types of cognitive and physical disabilities, some of which may be ameliorable by enhancement interventions. The question addressed in this paper is whether valuing the enhancement of human capabilities may be reconciled with valuing the existence and phenomenological experiences of human beings with various disabilities. Can we value enhanced capabilities without disvaluing those whose capabilities fall below a defined threshold of \"normal function\"? Furthermore, if certain forms of disability, particularly cognitive disabilities, negatively impact one's flourishing, could the enhancement of one's cognitive capacities through biotechnological means enhance one's flourishing.","PeriodicalId":47377,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medicine and Philosophy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10844394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Why Medicine Needs a Theology of Monstrosity. 为什么医学需要一个怪物神学。

IF 1.6 3区哲学

Journal of Medicine and Philosophy Pub Date : 2022-11-21 DOI: 10.1093/jmp/jhac020

Devan Stahl

引用次数: 0