{"title":"Arguing With Friends vs. Romantic Partners: Do Emerging Adults’ Gender-Typed Conflict Management Strategies Vary by Sexual Orientation?","authors":"Emily Keener, Julia Milo, Kourtney Kotvas","doi":"10.1177/21676968231182477","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/21676968231182477","url":null,"abstract":"We experimentally investigated the influence of sexual orientation, gender, relationship type, and partner gender on emerging adults’ gender-typed conflict management strategies. Our 2 Participant Gender (between-subjects) x 2 Sexual Orientation (between-subjects) x 3 Relationship Context (within-subjects) mixed factorial design addressed whether findings of prior research (Keener & Strough, 2017) with heterosexual emerging adults generalized to Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Queer/Questioning (LGBQ) men and women. Participants (N = 227; LBQ women = 49; GBQ men = 33; heterosexual women = 70; heterosexual men = 75) were emerging adults from the United States. They read hypothetical conflict scenarios and rated their likelihood of using communal/other-focused or agentic/self-focused strategies. Endorsement of agentic strategies varied depending on sexual orientation, participant gender, and relationship type. However, endorsement of communal strategies only varied by participant gender and relationship type. Our findings support social contextual developmental approaches emphasizing that individual and contextual factors interact to influence gender-typed behavior.","PeriodicalId":47330,"journal":{"name":"Emerging Adulthood","volume":"11 1","pages":"979 - 993"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45362429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Radhika N. Parekh, C. Barry, B. Kotchick, Cara H. Jacobson, Joseph A. Stewart-Sicking
{"title":"Parent-Adolescent Relationship Quality, Ethnic Identity, and Romantic Attachment in Asian American Emerging Adults","authors":"Radhika N. Parekh, C. Barry, B. Kotchick, Cara H. Jacobson, Joseph A. Stewart-Sicking","doi":"10.1177/21676968231184291","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/21676968231184291","url":null,"abstract":"Given increasing diversity in the U.S., ethnocultural differences in identity formation need exploration. We use attachment theory to understand the associations among ethnic identity, parent-adolescent relationship quality, and romantic attachment quality. We examined emerging adults’ perceived relationship quality with parents during their adolescence in relation to current ethnic identity strength and romantic attachment avoidance and anxiety along with gender and ethnicity among East Asians, Southeast Asians, and South Asians (N = 358 undergraduate students). While bivariate correlations only found a positive relation to maternal connection and romantic avoidance for the overall sample, the path analyses provided some support for the main hypotheses. Emerging adults’ perceived maternal connection during adolescence was negatively associated with current romantic attachment avoidance among emerging-adult men, and perceived paternal connection during adolescence was negatively related to current romantic attachment anxiety among emerging-adult women. Ethnic identity moderated the relation between maternal connection and anxiety for women and men.","PeriodicalId":47330,"journal":{"name":"Emerging Adulthood","volume":"11 1","pages":"1161 - 1179"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48085137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Perceived Efficacy in Initiating Romantic Relationships and Single Emerging Adults’ Well-Being","authors":"N. Watkins, Jonathon J. Beckmeyer","doi":"10.1177/21676968231182755","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/21676968231182755","url":null,"abstract":"Using data from 313 single emerging adults living in the United States, we explored initiation-efficacy (i.e., perceived abilities related to initiating romantic relationships) and if it was associated with well-being (life satisfaction, happiness with romantic experiences, and loneliness). Most participants indicated that it is not easy to ask someone out or tell someone they are interested in them and talking with someone they have feelings for is awkward. Initiation-efficacy was associated with well-being. Specifically, reporting that it is easy to ask someone out on a date was associated with greater life satisfaction and happiness with romantic experiences, but less loneliness. Further, emerging adults were lonelier when talking to someone they have feelings for was awkward. Finally, neither relationship desire or dismissal moderated associations between initiation-efficacy and well-being. However, relationship dismissal was associated with greater life satisfaction and happiness with romantic experiences and relationship desire was associated with more loneliness.","PeriodicalId":47330,"journal":{"name":"Emerging Adulthood","volume":"11 1","pages":"972 - 978"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47489084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Is Belonging Stable Over Time?: A Four-Year Longitudinal Examination of University Belonging Differences Among Students","authors":"Nidia Ruedas-Gracia, G. Jiang, Amir H. Maghsoodi","doi":"10.1177/21676968231181720","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/21676968231181720","url":null,"abstract":"Sense of belonging is crucial for thriving in various contexts and must be maintained over time. However, we know little about how belonging fluctuates. In education, changes in school belonging differ by gender identity. Unfortunately, this evidence does not assess differences by racial identity or socioeconomic status. Because low belonging among students that espouse minoritized racial socioeconomic identities is a pervasive concern, it is important to understand how it functions among diverse groups. Via growth curve modeling this study explores changes in university belonging among individuals (Ns = 136, MT1age = 19 years) from diverse backgrounds (Black 16%, Latinx 15%, Asian 19%, White 34%, Native American 3%, Multiracial 13%; 36% low-income; 61% female identifying) over 4 years of college.","PeriodicalId":47330,"journal":{"name":"Emerging Adulthood","volume":"11 1","pages":"1022 - 1038"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48436402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"‘Since Having a Child, I Finally Feel Like an Adult’: Exploring Intersections of Contemporary Transitions-To-Motherhood and Transitions-To-Adulthood","authors":"Paula Pustułka","doi":"10.1177/21676968221143814","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/21676968221143814","url":null,"abstract":"The paper investigates intersections between two biographical processes, namely the transitions-to-motherhood and transitions-to-adulthood. Considering the research focused on transitions in the modern world, the paper looks at how transitions-to-motherhood are narrated in relation to both the general life situation and ‘objective’ adulthood markers, and the subjective understandings of whether one feels ‘like an adult’. Drawing on a qualitative longitudinal study (QLS) of becoming a mother in contemporary Poland, the paper explores three types of transitional sequences. The typology includes scheduled, detoured and accidental transitions-to-motherhood, conceptualized through the lens of broader chronologies of reaching adulthood. By leveraging a temporal lens enabled by QLS, the paper offers a new perspective on the marker of parenthood as the feature of contemporary transitions-to-adulthood.","PeriodicalId":47330,"journal":{"name":"Emerging Adulthood","volume":"11 1","pages":"581 - 596"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41564421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Emerging AdulthoodPub Date : 2023-06-01Epub Date: 2022-09-22DOI: 10.1177/21676968221124649
Philip Kreniske, Claude A Mellins, Eileen Shea, Kate Walsh, Melanie Wall, John S Santelli, Leigh Reardon, Shamus Khan, Jennifer S Hirsch
{"title":"Associations Between Low-Household Income and First-Generation Status With College Student Belonging, Mental Health, and Well-Being.","authors":"Philip Kreniske, Claude A Mellins, Eileen Shea, Kate Walsh, Melanie Wall, John S Santelli, Leigh Reardon, Shamus Khan, Jennifer S Hirsch","doi":"10.1177/21676968221124649","DOIUrl":"10.1177/21676968221124649","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Completing college can be difficult and students who are first-generation (FG) or low-income (LI) or both (FGLI) encounter unique structural challenges. We conducted a population-based survey (N=1671) at two interconnected highly-selective institutions of higher education and examined measures related to belonging, mental health, and well-being. Means and standard deviations for continuous measures and proportions for categorical measures were calculated for the whole sample and for each subgroup (FG, LI, FGLI). After adjusting for age and race/ethnicity, differences in these measures between each group (FG vs not FG, LI vs not LI, and FGLI vs not FGLI) were tested with linear and logistic regression models (multinomial logistic regression was used where applicable). We found the overall sample (including FG, LI, and FGLI students) reported a strong sense of belonging, low levels of mental health symptoms, and good general health and well-being - though a majority had poor or fair sleep. Yet, FG, LI, and FGLI students reported lower levels of belonging, worse mental health, and poorer general health and well-being compared to students who were not FG, LI, and FGLI, respectively. Notably, FG, LI, and FGLI students had the lowest levels of hazardous alcohol consumption. This is one of the few studies to consider in detail how FG, LI, and FGLI students are experiencing challenges across multiple domains. Colleges must address these disparities and tailor health services and interventions to serve the unique needs of FG, LI, and FGLI students.</p>","PeriodicalId":47330,"journal":{"name":"Emerging Adulthood","volume":"11 1","pages":"710-720"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12341491/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44485479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Emerging AdulthoodPub Date : 2023-06-01Epub Date: 2023-01-07DOI: 10.1177/21676968221149079
Joan S Tucker, Wendy M Troxel, Anthony Rodriguez, Rachana Seelam, Elizabeth J D'Amico
{"title":"Alcohol and Cannabis Use Within Emerging Adults' Committed Romantic Relationships: Associations with Relationship Functioning and Quality of Life.","authors":"Joan S Tucker, Wendy M Troxel, Anthony Rodriguez, Rachana Seelam, Elizabeth J D'Amico","doi":"10.1177/21676968221149079","DOIUrl":"10.1177/21676968221149079","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study examines alcohol and cannabis use within emerging adults' committed romantic relationships and its association with relationship functioning (satisfaction, stability) and well-being (life satisfaction, anxiety, depression). Participants completed surveys in 2020 and 2021 (N=1,214). Latent profile analysis identified four classes of couples' substance use patterns: concordant (similar) infrequent use (81.9% of sample), near-daily partner cannabis use (6.0%), near-daily respondent cannabis use (6.5%), and concordant moderate alcohol and near-daily cannabis use (5.5%). Cross-sectionally, respondents who reported concordant infrequent use had significantly higher well-being than those who reported concordant heavier use; there were no class differences involving the two types of discordant couples. In general, class membership did not predict changes in well-being or relationship functioning over a one-year period. Results provide new insights into patterns of both alcohol and cannabis use within committed romantic relationships of emerging adults that may have implications for well-being during this developmental period.</p>","PeriodicalId":47330,"journal":{"name":"Emerging Adulthood","volume":"11 1","pages":"698-703"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12381653/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44387146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Catherine R. Drury, S. Armeli, Hannah R. Hamilton, K. Loeb, H. Tennen
{"title":"Eating Disorder Symptoms, Affect-Regulation Drinking Motives and Drinking-Related Outcomes","authors":"Catherine R. Drury, S. Armeli, Hannah R. Hamilton, K. Loeb, H. Tennen","doi":"10.1177/21676968231180005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/21676968231180005","url":null,"abstract":"The present study examined the mediating and moderating effects of affect-regulation (i.e., coping and enhancement) drinking motives in the relationship between eating disorder (ED) pathology and drinking outcomes. The sample included 419 undergraduate college students (52.0% female) who completed self-report questionnaire measures of ED pathology, drinking motives, drinking level, and drinking-related problems. ED pathology was positively associated with both coping and enhancement motivation and drinking-related problems. Results from mediation analyses indicated a positive indirect effect for ED pathology on drinking level through enhancement motivation and positive indirect effects for ED pathology on drinking-related problems (a) through coping motivation and (b) through enhancement motivation and number of heavy drinking days. Little evidence was found for the predicted moderating effects of drinking motives, and few gender differences were observed in the effects of interest. Findings support the notion that distinct motivational pathways underlie the association between ED pathology and alcohol-related outcomes.","PeriodicalId":47330,"journal":{"name":"Emerging Adulthood","volume":"11 1","pages":"1079 - 1090"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46274867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Anne C. Fletcher, Brittany N. Alligood, Melissa Chacon-Villalobos
{"title":"“You Don’t Have to Share Everything, You Know”: College Students’ Decisions to Withhold Information From Parents","authors":"Anne C. Fletcher, Brittany N. Alligood, Melissa Chacon-Villalobos","doi":"10.1177/21676968231178855","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/21676968231178855","url":null,"abstract":"American college students (N = 61) participated in semi-structured qualitative interviews focused on identifying topics students avoided discussing with their parents and reasons for avoiding these discussions. Interviews were transcribed and data analyzed using a cross-case, variable-oriented approach. Students discussed avoiding seven topics in conversations with parents. In order of frequency these were: Romantic Relationships and Sex; Physical and Mental Well-Being; School Decisions and Grades; Friends; Parties, Alcohol and Drug Use; Family Matters; and Personal Beliefs and Lifestyle Choices. Reasons for avoiding discussions with parents yielded four distinct parent-student relationship types: Appropriate Boundaries (43%), Guarding Privacy (30%), Protective of Parents (15%), and Disconnected (13%). Avoided topics associated with these relationship types and the ways in which students in these relationship types reflected on avoidance of topics with parents suggested distinct ways in which students negotiated components of autonomy development during the college years.","PeriodicalId":47330,"journal":{"name":"Emerging Adulthood","volume":"11 1","pages":"893 - 908"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42611294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Examination of the Mediator Role of Optimism, Self-Compassion, Altruism and Gratitude in the Relationship Between Cognitive Distortions and Forgiveness of Emerging Adults","authors":"Kıvanç Uzun, Zeynep Karataş","doi":"10.1177/21676968231171200","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/21676968231171200","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study was to investigate whether optimism, self-compassion, altruism, and gratitude act as mediators in the relationship between cognitive distortions and emerging adults' forgiveness of themselves, others, and situations. The sample consisted of 488 university students in their emerging adulthood, comprising 66.20% females and 33.80% males, ranging in age from 18 to 32 years (M = 20.32, SD = 2.43). The data were collected using a demographic information form and six self-report scales. In addition to descriptive statistics, Pearson Correlation Coefficient and Bootstrap Analysis were used to analyze the data. The results indicated that optimism, self-compassion, altruism, and gratitude significantly mediated the relationship between cognitive distortions and forgiveness of self (b = −.109, %95 BCA CI [−.133 to −.086]), others (b = −.096, %95 BCA CI [−.117 to −.076]), and situations (b = −.099, %95 BCA CI [−.117 to −.082]). Self-compassion (K2 = −.14) was found to be the strongest mediator in the self-forgiveness model, followed by altruism (K2 = −.19) in the forgiveness of others model, and optimism (K2 = −.27) in the forgiveness of situations model. The study highlights the potential use of positive psychology concepts such as optimism, self-compassion, altruism, and gratitude to reduce the negative effect of cognitive distortions on emerging adults' forgiveness and to enhance their forgiveness skills.","PeriodicalId":47330,"journal":{"name":"Emerging Adulthood","volume":"11 1","pages":"845 - 868"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46193876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}