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Political Science Research and Methods最新文献

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Introducing ICBe: an event extraction dataset from narratives about international crises 介绍 ICBe：从国际危机叙述中提取事件的数据集
IF 3.9 2区 社会学
Political Science Research and Methods Pub Date : 2024-05-24 DOI: 10.1017/psrm.2024.17
Rex W. Douglass, Thomas Leo Scherer, J Andres Gannon, Erik Gartzke, Jon Lindsay, Shannon Carcelli, Jonathan Wilkenfeld, David M. Quinn, Catherine Aiken, Jose Miguel Cabezas Navarro, Neil Lund, Egle Murauskaite, Diana Partridge
{"title":"Introducing ICBe: an event extraction dataset from narratives about international crises","authors":"Rex W. Douglass, Thomas Leo Scherer, J Andres Gannon, Erik Gartzke, Jon Lindsay, Shannon Carcelli, Jonathan Wilkenfeld, David M. Quinn, Catherine Aiken, Jose Miguel Cabezas Navarro, Neil Lund, Egle Murauskaite, Diana Partridge","doi":"10.1017/psrm.2024.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/psrm.2024.17","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 How do international crises unfold? We conceptualize international relations as a strategic chess game between adversaries and develop a systematic way to measure pieces, moves, and gambits accurately and consistently over a hundred years of history. We introduce a new ontology and dataset of international events called ICBe based on a very high-quality corpus of narratives from the International Crisis Behavior (ICB) Project. We demonstrate that ICBe has higher coverage, recall, and precision than existing state of the art datasets and conduct two detailed case studies of the Cuban Missile Crisis (1962) and the Crimea-Donbas Crisis (2014). We further introduce two new event visualizations (event iconography and crisis maps), an automated benchmark for measuring event recall using natural language processing (synthetic narratives), and an ontology reconstruction task for objectively measuring event precision. We make the data, supplementary appendix, replication material, and visualizations of every historical episode available at a companion website crisisevents.org.","PeriodicalId":47311,"journal":{"name":"Political Science Research and Methods","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141100648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Civic associations, populism, and (un-)civic behavior: evidence from Germany 公民协会、民粹主义和（非）公民行为：来自德国的证据
IF 3.9 2区 社会学
Political Science Research and Methods Pub Date : 2024-05-22 DOI: 10.1017/psrm.2024.19
Bogdan G. Popescu, Marlene Jugl
{"title":"Civic associations, populism, and (un-)civic behavior: evidence from Germany","authors":"Bogdan G. Popescu, Marlene Jugl","doi":"10.1017/psrm.2024.19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/psrm.2024.19","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Civic associations are expected to foster civic, pro-social behavior, but this optimistic view is increasingly contested. We argue that populist radical right parties can strategically target and infiltrate associations to diffuse anti-establishment rhetoric and anti-democratic attitudes. We illustrate this phenomenon by examining the relationship between civic associations and compliance with government rules during Germany's first Covid-19 lockdown with a difference-in-differences design. Results show that areas with denser sport, nature, and culture clubs recorded higher mobility under lockdown. We document the infiltration mechanism and the spreading of anti-democratic attitudes within associations, using survey and election data and qualitative evidence including interviews. In doing so, we shed light on a negative effect of social networks and an understudied strategy of challenger populist parties.","PeriodicalId":47311,"journal":{"name":"Political Science Research and Methods","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141110306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The effects of party labels on vote choice with realistic candidate differentiation 政党标签对现实候选人差异化投票选择的影响
IF 3.9 2区 社会学
Political Science Research and Methods Pub Date : 2024-05-22 DOI: 10.1017/psrm.2024.20
Noam Titelman, Benjamin E. Lauderdale
{"title":"The effects of party labels on vote choice with realistic candidate differentiation","authors":"Noam Titelman, Benjamin E. Lauderdale","doi":"10.1017/psrm.2024.20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/psrm.2024.20","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 In this paper we test how much party labels influence vote choices between candidates when voters have access to realistically distributed information about candidate positions and demographics. We do not seek to adjudicate a long-running debate about the role of party labels, but present some nuances on the two archetypal theoretical views on vote choices. We use data from the Representative Audit of Britain (RAB) and the British Elections Study (BES) to generate electoral match-ups between randomly selected Conservative versus Labour candidates, with only half of respondents seeing party labels in addition to candidates’ positions and demographics. For our experiment fielded in October 2021, we find negligible to moderate effects of party labels on vote choices. Our results suggest the information on candidate positions and party labels largely act as substitutes for one another, with only modest changes when party labels are made explicit.","PeriodicalId":47311,"journal":{"name":"Political Science Research and Methods","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141111239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Why do majoritarian systems benefit the right? Income groups and vote choice across different electoral systems 为什么多数决制有利于右派？不同选举制度下的收入群体和选票选择
IF 3.9 2区 社会学
Political Science Research and Methods Pub Date : 2024-05-21 DOI: 10.1017/psrm.2024.18
Robert Liñeira, Pedro Riera
{"title":"Why do majoritarian systems benefit the right? Income groups and vote choice across different electoral systems","authors":"Robert Liñeira, Pedro Riera","doi":"10.1017/psrm.2024.18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/psrm.2024.18","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This research note investigates how the voting behavior of middle-income citizens explains why right-wing parties tend to govern under majoritarian electoral rule. The growing literature that investigates the ideological effects of electoral systems has mostly focused on institutional explanations. However, whether the electoral rules overrepresent parties with some specific ideologies is also a matter of behavior. Building on Iversen and Soskice (2006), we test two arguments. First, middle-income groups are more likely to vote for the right under majoritarian rules because they fear the redistributive consequences of a victory of the left in these contexts. Second, middle-income earners particularly concerned with tax rates are particularly prone to vote differently across electoral systems. Combining survey evidence from the Comparative Study of Electoral Systems and the New Zealand Election Study, we show that the voting behavior of middle-income citizens is indeed responsible for the predominance of the right under majoritarian systems.","PeriodicalId":47311,"journal":{"name":"Political Science Research and Methods","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141118298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Do presidents favor co-partisan mayors in the allocation of federal grants? – ADDENDUM 在分配联邦拨款时，总统是否会青睐同党派市长？- 附录
IF 3.9 2区 社会学
Political Science Research and Methods Pub Date : 2024-05-20 DOI: 10.1017/psrm.2024.22
Heonuk Ha, Jeffery A. Jenkins
{"title":"Do presidents favor co-partisan mayors in the allocation of federal grants? – ADDENDUM","authors":"Heonuk Ha, Jeffery A. Jenkins","doi":"10.1017/psrm.2024.22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/psrm.2024.22","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47311,"journal":{"name":"Political Science Research and Methods","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141120097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Presidential policymaking, 1877–2020 总统决策，1877-2020 年
IF 3.9 2区 社会学
Political Science Research and Methods Pub Date : 2024-05-06 DOI: 10.1017/psrm.2024.15
Aaron R. Kaufman, Jon C. Rogowski
{"title":"Presidential policymaking, 1877–2020","authors":"Aaron R. Kaufman, Jon C. Rogowski","doi":"10.1017/psrm.2024.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/psrm.2024.15","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 While presidents frequently create new policies through unilateral power, empirical scholarship generally focuses on executive orders and overlooks other categories of directives. We introduce data on more than 50,000 unilateral directives issued between 1877 and 2020 and use machine learning techniques to characterize their substantive importance and issue areas. Our measures reveal significant increases in unilateral activity over time, driven largely by increases in foreign affairs and through the substitution of memoranda for executive orders. We use our measures to formally evaluate the historical development of the unilateral presidency and reassess theoretical claims about public opinion and unilateral power. Our research provides new evidence about variation in the use of presidential authority and opens new avenues for empirical inquiry.","PeriodicalId":47311,"journal":{"name":"Political Science Research and Methods","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141010186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Revisiting the evidence on thermostatic response to democratic change: degrees of democratic support or researcher degrees of freedom? 重新审视民主变革恒温反应的证据：民主支持度还是研究者自由度？
IF 3.9 2区 社会学
Political Science Research and Methods Pub Date : 2024-05-02 DOI: 10.1017/psrm.2024.16
Yue Hu, Yuehong Cassandra Tai, F. Solt
{"title":"Revisiting the evidence on thermostatic response to democratic change: degrees of democratic support or researcher degrees of freedom?","authors":"Yue Hu, Yuehong Cassandra Tai, F. Solt","doi":"10.1017/psrm.2024.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/psrm.2024.16","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Prominent recent work argues that support for democracy behaves thermostatically—that democratic erosion boosts democratic support while deepening democracy yields public backlash—and further contends that there is no evidence for the classic argument that democracy itself increases democratic support over time. Here, we document how these conclusions depend on subtle choices in measurement coding that constitute “researcher degrees of freedom”: analyses employing alternative reasonable choices provide little or no support for the original conclusions. The fragility of the statistical results demonstrates that researcher degrees of freedom in measurement must be taken seriously and that the question of the relationship between democratic institutions and democratic support remains unsettled.","PeriodicalId":47311,"journal":{"name":"Political Science Research and Methods","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141022241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Inclusive meritocracy: ability and descriptive representation among Danish politicians 任人唯贤：丹麦政治家的能力和描述性代表性
IF 3.9 2区 社会学
Political Science Research and Methods Pub Date : 2024-04-19 DOI: 10.1017/psrm.2024.12
J. Dahlgaard, R. Pedersen
{"title":"Inclusive meritocracy: ability and descriptive representation among Danish politicians","authors":"J. Dahlgaard, R. Pedersen","doi":"10.1017/psrm.2024.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/psrm.2024.12","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Can democracies attract and elect politicians who are both high-ability and from diverse backgrounds? Using data covering the entire Danish population, including every candidate for local and national elections in 1990–2015, we explore the selection of political candidates. We show that Danish candidates and elected politicians have higher ability than the voters they represent, that selection on ability reflects individual skills rather than social background, that politicians are selected from economically diverse backgrounds, and that there is no substantial trade-off between ability and representation. Furthermore, we utilize a major structural reform, which significantly reduced the number of municipalities in Denmark, to show that increased political competition did not affect politicians’ ability, economic background, or the trade-off between the two.","PeriodicalId":47311,"journal":{"name":"Political Science Research and Methods","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140684799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The unsettled effect of physical height on political preferences 身高对政治偏好的不稳定影响
IF 3.9 2区 社会学
Political Science Research and Methods Pub Date : 2024-04-18 DOI: 10.1017/psrm.2024.14
Barry C. Burden, Pamela Herd, Donald P. Moynihan
{"title":"The unsettled effect of physical height on political preferences","authors":"Barry C. Burden, Pamela Herd, Donald P. Moynihan","doi":"10.1017/psrm.2024.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/psrm.2024.14","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 We revisit Arunachalam and Watson's contention that a person's physical height may be used as instrument for income because it affects economic well-being solely by causing more conservative political preferences among people who are taller. To evaluate whether other early-life and genetic factors might serve as mechanisms connecting height and political preferences, we analyze a unique data source that includes political, economic, and demographic data on same-gender siblings. Models that include fixed effects for siblings provide a strong test of the Arunachalam and Watson thesis. We find that height is not a consistent predictor of political preferences once shared sibling characteristics are controlled in this way, raising doubt about whether height can in fact be used as an instrument for income.","PeriodicalId":47311,"journal":{"name":"Political Science Research and Methods","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140689249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Leader-contingent sanctions as a cause of violent political conflict 以领导人为条件的制裁是暴力政治冲突的原因之一
IF 3.9 2区 社会学
Political Science Research and Methods Pub Date : 2024-04-15 DOI: 10.1017/psrm.2024.13
Yu Mei
{"title":"Leader-contingent sanctions as a cause of violent political conflict","authors":"Yu Mei","doi":"10.1017/psrm.2024.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/psrm.2024.13","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Economic sanctions are a policy tool that great powers frequently use to interfere with domestic politics of another state. Regime change has been a primary goal of economic sanctions over the past decades. This article studies the relationship between leader-contingent sanctions—sanctions that are designed to impede the flow of revenue to a specific leader—and violent political conflict in target countries. I build a theoretical model to illuminate two mechanisms by which leader-contingent sanctions destabilize a regime—the Depletion Mechanism and the Instigation Mechanism. The Depletion Mechanism works when sanctions mechanically deplete the government's resources so that it becomes unable to buy off domestic opposition even by making the largest possible offer. The Instigation Mechanism implies that as sanctions decrease the benefit of negotiated settlement relative to war, the government may strategically choose to repress rather than buy off the opposition even when it is able to do so. Leader-contingent sanctions lead to bargaining failure by rewarding the opposition for revolt while reducing the government's ability and willingness to appease the opposition.","PeriodicalId":47311,"journal":{"name":"Political Science Research and Methods","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140700585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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