Learning and Motivation最新文献

{"title":"Disclosing Chinese college students’ flow experience in GenAI-assisted informal digital learning of english: A self-determination theory perspective","authors":"Hanwei Wu ,&nbsp;Yongliang Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.lmot.2025.102134","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.lmot.2025.102134","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The role of flow experience in enhancing GenAI-assisted informal digital learning of English (GAI-IDLE) has recently gained increasing attention. However, the mechanisms underlying the achievement of flow experience in this context remain underexplored. Grounded in Self-Determination Theory (SDT), this study investigates how GAI-IDLE influences flow experience through the lens of three basic psychological needs: autonomy, competence, and relatedness. Specifically, we aim to examine the mediating effects of these psychological needs on the relationship between GAI-IDLE and flow experience. To achieve this, we conducted a survey among 333 English as a Foreign Language (EFL) learners from various colleges in China. Using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) with Smart PLS 4.0 software, our results show that GenAI literacy and English proficiency positively and directly impacted flow experience, while gender had no direct effect. GAI-IDLE directly predicted flow experience and positively influenced autonomy and relatedness, which in turn directly enhanced flow experience. Thus, GAI-IDLE indirectly affected flow experience through the mediation of autonomy and relatedness. However, contrary to SDT, GAI-IDLE did not directly affect competence, and competence did not directly influence flow experience, resulting in an insignificant mediating role for competence. We discuss potential explanations for these findings and conclude with educational implications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47305,"journal":{"name":"Learning and Motivation","volume":"90 ","pages":"Article 102134"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143863970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Examining resurgence following alternating exposures to high- and low-magnitudes of alternative reinforcement","authors":"Carolyn M. Ritchey ,&nbsp;Toshikazu Kuroda ,&nbsp;Christopher A. Podlesnik","doi":"10.1016/j.lmot.2025.102133","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.lmot.2025.102133","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Resurgence is the increase in a previously reinforced and then extinguished target response due to a worsening of alternative-reinforcement conditions. Prior preclinical research has demonstrated less resurgence when testing with extinction (1) following lower than higher magnitudes of alternative reinforcement and (2) after alternating between availability and unavailability of alternative reinforcement (on/off) compared with a constant source of alternative reinforcement. In the present experiment with humans recruited via crowdsourcing, we evaluated whether alternating between high and low magnitudes of alternative reinforcement compared with a constant high magnitude alternative reinforcer would mitigate resurgence with either partial or complete (i.e., extinction) downshifts in reinforcer magnitude. High/low alternative reinforcement mitigated resurgence compared with constant alternative reinforcement when testing with a partial reduction in alternative reinforcement but not with extinction. As with on/off alternative reinforcement, high/low alternative reinforcement likely mitigates resurgence by increasing generalization between conditions. Though these findings show promise as a new approach to mitigate resurgence, further research with additional controls for reinforcer rates is needed to further isolate these effects.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47305,"journal":{"name":"Learning and Motivation","volume":"90 ","pages":"Article 102133"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143855460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating the effect of mathematical anxiety in healthy subjects on brain signal using swLORETA analysis","authors":"Parisa Ghafourian,&nbsp;Majid Ghoshuni ,&nbsp;Iraj Vosough","doi":"10.1016/j.lmot.2025.102130","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.lmot.2025.102130","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Recent studies indicate that high test anxiety lowers students' exam grades, making its diagnosis crucial for academic progress. 22 volunteers consisting of 9 men and 13 women with an average age of 24.195 years old and a standard deviation of 2.25 were randomly put in two “test” and “control” groups. An electroencephalogram (EEG) was recorded in 19 channels from all participants while they had their eyes open and were simultaneously taking the mental math test. Theta to beta power ratio for all Brodmann areas in relaxing and anxiety states was extracted and examined by employing the non-parametric statistics of the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. The swLORETA analysis revealed a significant difference (p &lt; 0.05) in the temporal, insular, and parietal lobes between the resting state and the math task in the test group. The temporal lobe processes language and auditory information, the parietal lobe manages awareness and sensory processing, and the insular cortex aids in decision-making. Therefore, understanding auditory and environmental information can play an influential role in people's performance during a math test.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47305,"journal":{"name":"Learning and Motivation","volume":"90 ","pages":"Article 102130"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143851847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of ChatGPT and grammarly in promoting emotion regulation, psychological well-being, motivation, and academic writing in Chinese college students: A self-determination theory perspective","authors":"Caili Wang ,&nbsp;BingCheng Wang ,&nbsp;Duoshu Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.lmot.2025.102131","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.lmot.2025.102131","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The increasing integration of artificial intelligence (AI)-powered tools in educational settings necessitates empirical examination of their impact on students' holistic development, particularly within the context of higher education in China. This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of ChatGPT and Grammarly in enhancing emotional regulation and its subsequent effects on motivation, psychological well-being, and academic writing proficiency among Chinese college students. Utilizing a quasi-experimental design, the research involved 94 participants from a major Chinese college, selected through convenience sampling to ensure accessibility and feasibility. Participants were divided into three groups: an experimental group using Grammarly, an experimental group using ChatGPT, and a control group receiving traditional instruction. The required data collected using validated questionnaires were analyzed using a one-way ANOVA. Findings documented that both AI-powered tools significantly improved emotion regulation and psychological well-being while positively impacting the students' motivation and the quality of their academic writing. These results lend support to the potential of AI-powered tools to foster holistic student development within the specific context of Chinese higher education and offer valuable insights for stakeholder seeking to integrate AI effectively into similar learning environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47305,"journal":{"name":"Learning and Motivation","volume":"90 ","pages":"Article 102131"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143850435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring age-related differences in virtual maze navigation: The impact of external cues on search-strategy","authors":"Matthew O. Parker ,&nbsp;Jude Rolfe-Tarrant ,&nbsp;Antony Wood ,&nbsp;Edward S. Redhead","doi":"10.1016/j.lmot.2025.102128","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.lmot.2025.102128","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Visuospatial navigation problems represent a significant challenge to quality of life in older adults. We have previously shown that, in a virtual honeycomb-shaped maze (in which participants face numerous sequential Left/Right junctions; honeycomb free-movement pattern [FMP] Y-maze), younger individuals (18−40) typically adopt a strategy of alternating their turns at successive junctions, while those aged ≥ 70 show significantly fewer alternations, potentially due to diminished visuospatial working memory. However, reduced alternation could also reflect decreased exploratory drive in older adults, characterized by diminished intrinsic motivation to engage with novel environments. Here, we explored whether alternation patterns reflect working memory processes, hypothesizing that reductions in alternation among older adults may be linked to spatial working memory deficits. To test this, we first measured visuospatial working memory using the Corsi block tapping test and found a strong positive correlation between Corsi performance and alternation in the honeycomb FMP Y-maze, providing direct empirical support that alternation is working memory-dependent. We also found a significant negative correlation between Corsi and repetition, suggesting that repetition is a lower-demand alternative to alternation. We then introduced distal cues to facilitate orientation, and showed participants a map of the maze to help familiarize them with the environment. Distal cues were intended to reduce memory load by providing clear orientation markers, whereas the map was designed to increase exploratory drive by enhancing participants’ spatial confidence. When provided with distal cues, older adults increased their sequential alternations, whereas the map condition did not have the same effect. These findings suggest that spatial memory limitations in older adults affect navigational choices, with alternation being a memory-dependent strategy and repetition potentially offering a lower-effort alternative. This could have implications for designing environments to enhance independence in older adults and in the design of cognitive tests for spatial working memory.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47305,"journal":{"name":"Learning and Motivation","volume":"90 ","pages":"Article 102128"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143835071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"AI-powered personalized learning: Enhancing self-efficacy, motivation, and digital literacy in adult education through expectancy-value theory","authors":"Wenwen Lyu ,&nbsp;Zarina Abdul Salam","doi":"10.1016/j.lmot.2025.102129","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.lmot.2025.102129","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Although the implementation of artificial intelligence (AI) in educational contexts has gained increasing prominence, empirical research specifically examining its influence on crucial learner-related variables (e.g., self-efficacy, motivation, and digital literacy) among adult male learners of English as a Foreign Language (EFL) in China remains limited. The present study addresses this gap by investigating the effects of AI-powered personalized learning interventions on these key constructs. A total of 183 intermediate-level Chinese male EFL learners were randomly assigned either to an experimental group (EG), which received AI-personalized instruction, or to a control group (CG), which engaged in traditional instruction methods. Data were gathered through pre- and post-intervention surveys and analyzed using independent t-tests. Results indicated that compared to participants in the CG, learners in the EG exhibited statistically significant improvements in self-efficacy, motivation, and digital literacy. These findings offer robust empirical evidence supporting the effectiveness of AI-personalized instructional strategies in enhancing essential learner attributes within the adult male EFL context in China. Thus, the study advocates for the strategic integration of AI-powered personalized learning, highlighting its considerable potential to optimize language learning outcomes within adult EFL education.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47305,"journal":{"name":"Learning and Motivation","volume":"90 ","pages":"Article 102129"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143835060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Peer feedback and social support in online learning: Examining motivation, task engagement, and language mastery through an activity theory perspective","authors":"Biao Xu,&nbsp;Norsafinar Rahim","doi":"10.1016/j.lmot.2025.102126","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.lmot.2025.102126","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The rapid growth of online learning has highlighted the need to understand social dynamics in virtual environments, particularly the interplay between peer feedback, social support, and language acquisition. While these factors have been explored in traditional classrooms, their roles in online EFL education have remained underexamined. Additionally, learners’ attitudes toward online learning environments, which may influence engagement and outcomes, have rarely been investigated. This study aimed at exploring the role of peer feedback and social support in enhancing Chinese EFL learners’ motivation, task engagement, and language mastery, while also examining their attitudes toward online learning. A mixed-methods design was utilized, involving 122 female EFL learners from China, divided into a Peer Feedback Group (Experimental Group 1), a Social Support Group (Experimental Group 2), and a Control Group (CG). Quantitative data were obtained through pre- and post-tests, while qualitative data were gathered via open-ended surveys to capture the participants’ perspectives. Results revealed that both peer feedback and social support significantly improved motivation, task engagement, and language mastery, with EG1 and EG2 demonstrating similar post-test performance. The participants expressed positive views toward online learning, emphasizing the importance of social interactions in maintaining motivation and engagement. The study concluded that integrating peer feedback and social support into online EFL instruction can significantly enhance learning outcomes. It underscores the value of fostering social interactions in virtual environments and suggests that learners’ attitudes are essential to the effectiveness of these mechanisms. These findings offer practical insights for improving online EFL instruction by leveraging peer feedback and social support as equally effective educational tools for language learning.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47305,"journal":{"name":"Learning and Motivation","volume":"90 ","pages":"Article 102126"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143734627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mitigating boredom in L2 Spanish reading class with the reading-writing continuation task","authors":"Zongtuo Liu ,&nbsp;Jingyu Zhu ,&nbsp;Dong Yuan","doi":"10.1016/j.lmot.2025.102124","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.lmot.2025.102124","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A growing body of research has explored the concept of second language (L2) boredom and proposed strategies to address this aversive emotion. However, limited attention has been paid to the boredom-mitigating effects of specific strategies, such as the reading-writing continuation task, which holds potential as a coping mechanism of L2 boredom. This study investigates the effects of the reading-writing continuation task on reducing boredom in Spanish L2 reading classes, the factors influencing the effectiveness, and students’ perceptions of the task. A quasi-experimental design was adopted, involving 67 participants (33 in the experimental class and 34 in the control class). Data were collected through questionnaires and semi-structured interviews. The findings reveal that the reading-writing continuation task significantly reduces boredom in Spanish L2 reading classrooms, including boredom related to reading materials, under-challenging tasks, and perceived meaninglessness. Furthermore, the effects vary based on participants’ Spanish proficiency levels and grade levels. Participants’ perceptions of the task were mixed, highlighting its openness and nature to bring a sense of psychological security as positive aspects, while noting challenges posed by limited language proficiency. The study suggests incorporating reading-writing continuation tasks of varying difficulty levels into L2 reading instructions. This research expects to contribute to the empirical investigation of boredom-mitigating strategies in L2 learning.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47305,"journal":{"name":"Learning and Motivation","volume":"90 ","pages":"Article 102124"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143715027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of digital game-based learning on social collaboration, problem-solving skills, and motivation: An integrative approach of expectancy-value theory and flow theory","authors":"Yushu Pan ,&nbsp;Xingyu Shao ,&nbsp;Goodarz Shakibaei","doi":"10.1016/j.lmot.2025.102123","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.lmot.2025.102123","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Digital game-based learning (DGBL) has increasingly attracted scholarly attention for its potential to enhance learners’ related constructs across diverse educational contexts. While its prominence grows, few studies have systematically examined its impact on English as a Foreign Language (EFL) learners’ social collaboration, problem-solving skills, and motivation, particularly through the lenses of Expectancy-Value Theory and Flow Theory in the Chinese context. To address this research gap, the present study explored the effects of the DGBL on Chinese EFL learners’ social collaboration, problem-solving skills, and motivation using a mixed-methods approach. The participants including 191 male and female students were randomly assigned to either an experimental group (EG), which engaged in the DGBL activities, or a control group (CG), which followed traditional instruction. Data were collected via pre- and post-intervention questionnaires assessing social collaboration, problem-solving skills, and motivation, with semi-structured interviews providing deeper insights into students’ perceptions. Findings revealed that the EG significantly outperformed the CG in all measured domains. Quantitative results indicated substantial gains in social collaboration, problem-solving skills, and motivation, while qualitative data underscored the participants’ positive views of DGBL’s effectiveness. These results suggest that DGBL is a potent tool for enhancing both cognitive and social dimensions of EFL learning. By fostering an interactive, learner-centered environment, the DGBL offers EFL teachers and stakeholders valuable opportunities to strengthen students’ social, cognitive, and affective development.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47305,"journal":{"name":"Learning and Motivation","volume":"90 ","pages":"Article 102123"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143687746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating the memory-preserving potential of L-carnitine and memantine in an aluminum-induced memory deficit model","authors":"Imran Imran ,&nbsp;Muhammad Numair Kashif ,&nbsp;Sana Ameer ,&nbsp;Nosheen Malik ,&nbsp;Abida Parveen ,&nbsp;Waseem Ashraf ,&nbsp;Asad Abrar ,&nbsp;Faleh Alqathani ,&nbsp;Tanveer Ahmad","doi":"10.1016/j.lmot.2025.102125","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.lmot.2025.102125","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Aluminum exposure in daily life results in significant neurotoxicity and leads to progressive neurodegenerative disorders and there is a dire need for counteracting agents. The current study investigated the possible ameliorative effect of L-carnitine with memantine against AlCl₃-induced memory impairment in male mice. AlCl₃ (100 mg/kg) was administered orally to all groups except a healthy one. Treatment groups were administered with L-carnitine 100 mg/kg, memantine 10 mg/kg and a combination group with L-carnitine 100 mg/kg and memantine 10 mg/kg for 42 days. The behavioral changes were examined using Y-maze, NOR, PAT and MWM tests. The biochemical and histopathological parameters were quantified in isolated brains. The outcomes revealed amelioration of learning and memory through better alterations in the Y-maze test, better recognition of a novel object in NOR, increased step-through latency in PAT and reduced latencies to reach the platform in the MWM test. The biochemical analysis revealed suppression of lipid oxidation through regulation of antioxidant content and inhibition of AChE. The histopathological findings demonstrated significant protection of neuronal cells in CA1 and DG regions against AlCl₃-induced damage. Outcomes of this study suggested that memantine combined with L-carnitine is an ably option to halt the progression of neuronal cell degeneration in various neurologic disorders.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47305,"journal":{"name":"Learning and Motivation","volume":"90 ","pages":"Article 102125"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143687745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}