Technologies (Basel)最新文献

A Comprehensive Survey of Cybersecurity Threats, Attacks, and Effective Countermeasures in Industrial Internet of Things 工业物联网网络安全威胁、攻击及有效对策综述

Technologies (Basel) Pub Date : 2023-11-13 DOI: 10.3390/technologies11060161

Abdullah M. Alnajim, Shabana Habib, Muhammad Islam, Su Myat Thwin, Faisal Alotaibi

{"title":"A Comprehensive Survey of Cybersecurity Threats, Attacks, and Effective Countermeasures in Industrial Internet of Things","authors":"Abdullah M. Alnajim, Shabana Habib, Muhammad Islam, Su Myat Thwin, Faisal Alotaibi","doi":"10.3390/technologies11060161","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/technologies11060161","url":null,"abstract":"The Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) ecosystem faces increased risks and vulnerabilities due to adopting Industry 4.0 standards. Integrating data from various places and converging several systems have heightened the need for robust security measures beyond fundamental connection encryption. However, it is difficult to provide adequate security due to the IIoT ecosystem’s distributed hardware and software. The most effective countermeasures must be suggested together with the crucial vulnerabilities, linked threats, and hazards in order to protect industrial equipment and ensure the secure functioning of IIoT systems. This paper presents a thorough analysis of events that target IIoT systems to alleviate such concerns. It also offers a comprehensive analysis of the responses that have been advanced in the most recent research. This article examines several kinds of attacks and the possible consequences to understand the security landscape in the IIoT area. Additionally, we aim to encourage the development of effective defenses that will lessen the hazards detected and secure the privacy, accessibility, and reliability of IIoT systems. It is important to note that we examine the issues and solutions related to IIoT security using the most recent findings from research and the literature on this subject. This study organizes and evaluates recent research to provide significant insight into the present security situation in IIoT systems. Ultimately, we provide outlines for future research and projects in this field.","PeriodicalId":472933,"journal":{"name":"Technologies (Basel)","volume":"61 18","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136347600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Application of G.hn Broadband Powerline Communication for Industrial Control Using COTS Components ghn宽带电力线通信在工业控制中的应用

Technologies (Basel) Pub Date : 2023-11-10 DOI: 10.3390/technologies11060160

Kilian Brunner, Stephen Dominiak, Martin Ostertag

引用次数: 0

Immersive VR (Virtual Reality) Simulator for Vein Blood Sampling 沉浸式VR(虚拟现实)静脉血液采样模拟器

Technologies (Basel) Pub Date : 2023-11-08 DOI: 10.3390/technologies11060158

Jun-Seong Kim, Kun-Woo Kim, Seong-Won Yang, Joong-Wha Chung, Seong-Yong Moon

{"title":"Immersive VR (Virtual Reality) Simulator for Vein Blood Sampling","authors":"Jun-Seong Kim, Kun-Woo Kim, Seong-Won Yang, Joong-Wha Chung, Seong-Yong Moon","doi":"10.3390/technologies11060158","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/technologies11060158","url":null,"abstract":"Vein blood sampling is a method of mass blood sampling that involves drawing blood from a vein for blood type discrimination, confirmation of various physiological indicators, disease diagnosis, etc.; it is the most commonly used blood sampling method. An important aspect of vein blood sampling is the search for the exact location of the vein for insertion of the syringe to draw blood. This is influenced by obesity as well as skin and blood vessel conditions in the patient and the experience of the clinical technologist, nurse, and resident who performs the blood sampling. Frequent practice is required to effectively perform blood sampling techniques. However, due to the many limitations of the practice room or laboratory, there is a problem of using only a limited environment and model for clinical practice. As a result, many medical educational institutions have situations in which only fragmentary clinical practices are performed, and it is difficult to practice many blood sampling skills, so they do not provide enough experience to understand the actual skill field. In this paper, we propose a virtual-reality-based vein blood sampling simulator that allows the practice of blood sampling techniques without limitation. The proposed vein blood sampling simulator can operate a 3D model related to vein blood sampling using an HMD controller and a haptic device in a virtual space for vein blood sampling practice by wearing an HMD (head-mounted display). Vein blood sampling can also be practiced through interaction with the patient 3D model. In addition, the effectiveness of a simulator developed for dental students was verified, and as a result of the verification, the potential of the proposed vein blood sampling simulator was confirmed.","PeriodicalId":472933,"journal":{"name":"Technologies (Basel)","volume":"344 9","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135392321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Software Program for the Evaluation of Human Exposure to Electric and Magnetic Fields 人体暴露于电场和磁场评估软件程序

Technologies (Basel) Pub Date : 2023-11-08 DOI: 10.3390/technologies11060159

Adina Giurgiuman, Marian Gliga, Adrian Bojita, Sergiu Andreica, Calin Munteanu, Vasile Topa, Claudia Constantinescu, Claudia Pacurar

{"title":"Software Program for the Evaluation of Human Exposure to Electric and Magnetic Fields","authors":"Adina Giurgiuman, Marian Gliga, Adrian Bojita, Sergiu Andreica, Calin Munteanu, Vasile Topa, Claudia Constantinescu, Claudia Pacurar","doi":"10.3390/technologies11060159","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/technologies11060159","url":null,"abstract":"The evaluation of human exposure to electric and magnetic fields represents a subject of great scientific and public interest due to the biological effects of electromagnetic fields (EMFs) on the human body and the risks caused by them to living organisms. In this context, this article proposes a software program designed by the authors for the evaluation of human exposure to electric and magnetic fields at low frequencies (EMF software program), an application that can also be accessed from a mobile phone. The analytical model on which the EMF program is based is synthetically presented, and the application is then described. The first example implemented in the EMF program is taken from the existing literature on this subject, thus confirming the correctness and calculation precision of the program. Next, a case study is proposed for an overhead transmission line of 400 KV from the Cluj-Napoca area, Romania, for which the electric and magnetic fields are first measured experimentally and then using the EMF program. The validation of the EMF software program is performed by comparing the obtained results with those measured experimentally and with those obtained with a commercial software program.","PeriodicalId":472933,"journal":{"name":"Technologies (Basel)","volume":"344 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135392326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Pitch/Metal Oxide Composite Fibers via Electrospinning for Environmental Applications 环境用静电纺丝沥青/金属氧化物复合纤维

Technologies (Basel) Pub Date : 2023-11-07 DOI: 10.3390/technologies11060156

Bayan Kaidar, Gaukhar Smagulova, Aigerim Imash, Aruzhan Keneshbekova, Akram Ilyanov, Zulkhair Mansurov

{"title":"Pitch/Metal Oxide Composite Fibers via Electrospinning for Environmental Applications","authors":"Bayan Kaidar, Gaukhar Smagulova, Aigerim Imash, Aruzhan Keneshbekova, Akram Ilyanov, Zulkhair Mansurov","doi":"10.3390/technologies11060156","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/technologies11060156","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigates the synthesis and application of composite electrospun fibers incorporating coal tar pitch (CTP) and various nanomaterial additives, with a specific focus on their potential for eco-bio-applications. The research underscores the environmentally viable aspects of CTP following a thermal treatment process that eliminates volatile components and sulfur, rendering it amenable for fiber electrospinning and subsequent carbonization. Composite fibers were fabricated by integrating CTP with nanomaterials, including nickel oxide (NiO), titanium dioxide (TiO2), activated carbon (AC), and magnetite (Fe3O4). The C/NiO composite fibers exhibit notable acetone sensing capabilities, specifically displaying a rapid response time of 40.6 s to 100 ppm acetone at 220 °C. The C/TiO2 composite fibers exhibit a distinct “beads-on-a-string” structure and demonstrate a high efficiency of 96.13% in methylene blue decomposition, highlighting their potential for environmental remediation applications. Additionally, the C/AC composite fibers demonstrate effective adsorption properties, efficiently removing manganese (II) ions from aqueous solutions with an 88.62% efficiency, thereby suggesting their utility in water purification applications. This research employs an interdisciplinary approach by combining diverse methods, approaches, and materials, including the utilization of agricultural waste materials such as rice husks, to create composite materials with multifaceted applications. Beyond the immediate utility of the composite fibers, this study emphasizes the significance of deploying environmentally responsible materials and technologies to address pressing eco-bio-challenges.","PeriodicalId":472933,"journal":{"name":"Technologies (Basel)","volume":"61 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135475369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Recent Technological Progress of Fiber-Optical Sensors for Bio-Mechatronics Applications 应用于生物机电一体化的光纤传感器技术进展

Technologies (Basel) Pub Date : 2023-11-07 DOI: 10.3390/technologies11060157

Mohomad Aqeel Abdhul Rahuman, Nipun Shantha Kahatapitiya, Viraj Niroshan Amarakoon, Udaya Wijenayake, Bhagya Nathali Silva, Mansik Jeon, Jeehyun Kim, Naresh Kumar Ravichandran, Ruchire Eranga Wijesinghe

{"title":"Recent Technological Progress of Fiber-Optical Sensors for Bio-Mechatronics Applications","authors":"Mohomad Aqeel Abdhul Rahuman, Nipun Shantha Kahatapitiya, Viraj Niroshan Amarakoon, Udaya Wijenayake, Bhagya Nathali Silva, Mansik Jeon, Jeehyun Kim, Naresh Kumar Ravichandran, Ruchire Eranga Wijesinghe","doi":"10.3390/technologies11060157","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/technologies11060157","url":null,"abstract":"Bio-mechatronics is an interdisciplinary scientific field that emphasizes the integration of biology and mechatronics to discover innovative solutions for numerous biomedical applications. The broad application spectrum of bio-mechatronics consists of minimally invasive surgeries, rehabilitation, development of prosthetics, and soft wearables to find engineering solutions for the human body. Fiber-optic-based sensors have recently become an indispensable part of bio-mechatronics systems, which are essential for position detection and control, monitoring measurements, compliance control, and various feedback applications. As a result, significant advancements have been introduced for designing and developing fiber-optic-based sensors in the past decade. This review discusses recent technological advancements in fiber-optical sensors, which have been potentially adapted for numerous bio-mechatronic applications. It also encompasses fundamental principles, different types of fiber-optical sensors based on recent development strategies, and characterizations of fiber Bragg gratings, optical fiber force myography, polymer optical fibers, optical tactile sensors, and Fabry–Perot interferometric applications. Hence, robust knowledge can be obtained regarding the technological enhancements in fiber-optical sensors for bio-mechatronics-based interdisciplinary developments. Therefore, this review offers a comprehensive exploration of recent technological advances in fiber-optical sensors for bio-mechatronics. It provides insights into their potential to revolutionize biomedical and bio-mechatronics applications, ultimately contributing to improved patient outcomes and healthcare innovation.","PeriodicalId":472933,"journal":{"name":"Technologies (Basel)","volume":"57 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135475249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Application of Modeling and Control Approaches of Piezoelectric Actuators: A Review 压电作动器建模与控制方法的应用综述

Technologies (Basel) Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.3390/technologies11060155

Mithun Kanchan, Mohith Santhya, Ritesh Bhat, Nithesh Naik

{"title":"Application of Modeling and Control Approaches of Piezoelectric Actuators: A Review","authors":"Mithun Kanchan, Mohith Santhya, Ritesh Bhat, Nithesh Naik","doi":"10.3390/technologies11060155","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/technologies11060155","url":null,"abstract":"Piezoelectric actuators find extensive application in delivering precision motion in the micrometer to nanometer range. The advantages of a broader range of motion, rapid response, higher stiffness, and large actuation force from piezoelectric actuators make them suitable for precision positioning applications. However, the inherent nonlinearity in the piezoelectric actuators under dynamic working conditions severely affects the accuracy of the generated motion. The nonlinearity in the piezoelectric actuators arises from hysteresis, creep, and vibration, which affect the performance of the piezoelectric actuator. Thus, there is a need for appropriate modeling and control approaches for piezoelectric actuators, which can model the nonlinearity phenomenon and provide adequate compensation to achieve higher motion accuracy. The present review covers different methods adopted for overcoming the nonlinearity issues in piezoelectric actuators. This review highlights the charge-based and voltage-based control methods that drive the piezoelectric actuators. The survey also includes different modeling approaches for the creep and hysteresis phenomenon of the piezoelectric actuators. In addition, the present review also highlights different control strategies and their applications in various types of piezoelectric actuators. An attempt is also made to compare the piezoelectric actuator’s different modeling and control approaches and highlight prospects.","PeriodicalId":472933,"journal":{"name":"Technologies (Basel)","volume":"217 4","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135371651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Improvement Technologies for Data Imputation in Bioinformatics 生物信息学数据输入的改进技术

Technologies (Basel) Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.3390/technologies11060154

Lesia Mochurad, Pavlo Horun

{"title":"Improvement Technologies for Data Imputation in Bioinformatics","authors":"Lesia Mochurad, Pavlo Horun","doi":"10.3390/technologies11060154","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/technologies11060154","url":null,"abstract":"Using existing software technologies for imputing missing genetic data (GD), such as Beagle, HPImpute, Impute, MACH, AlphaPlantImpute, MissForest, and LinkImputeR, has its advantages and disadvantages. The wide range of input parameters and their nonlinear dependence on the target results require a lot of time and effort to find optimal values in each specific case. Thus, optimizing resources for GD imputation and improving its quality is an important current issue for the quality analysis of digitized deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) samples. This work provides a critical analysis of existing methods and approaches for obtaining high-quality imputed GD. We observed that most of them do not investigate the problem of time and resource costs, which play a significant role in a mass approach. It is also worth noting that the considered articles are often characterized by high development complexity and, at times, unclear (or missing) descriptions of the input parameters for the methods, algorithms, or models under consideration. As a result, two algorithms were developed in this work. The first one aims to optimize the imputation time, allowing for real-time solutions, while the second one aims to improve imputation accuracy by selecting the best results at each iteration. The success of the first algorithm in improving imputation speed ranges from 47% (for small files) to 87% of the time (for medium and larger files), depending on the available resources. For the second algorithm, the accuracy has been improved by about 0.1%. This, in turn, encourages continued research on the latest version of Beagle software, particularly in the selection of optimal input parameters and possibly other models with similar or higher imputation accuracy.","PeriodicalId":472933,"journal":{"name":"Technologies (Basel)","volume":"23 4","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135326224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

How Activated Carbon Can Help You—Processes, Properties and Technological Applications 活性炭如何帮助您?工艺、性能和技术应用

Technologies (Basel) Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.3390/technologies11060153

Miklas Scholz

{"title":"How Activated Carbon Can Help You—Processes, Properties and Technological Applications","authors":"Miklas Scholz","doi":"10.3390/technologies11060153","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/technologies11060153","url":null,"abstract":"Activated carbon has many potential applications in both the liquid and gas phases. How activated carbon can help practitioners in industry is explained. This practical teaching article introduces the first part of the special issue on Recent Advances in Applied Activated Carbon Research by providing a handbook explaining the basic applications, technologies, processes, methods and material characteristics to readers from different backgrounds. The aim is to improve the knowledge and understanding of the subject of activated carbon for non-adsorption experts such as professionals in industry. Therefore, it is written in a comprehensible manner and dispenses with detailed explanations to complex processes and many background references. This handbook does not claim to be complete and concentrates only on the areas that are of practical relevance for most activated carbon applications. Activated carbon and its activation and reactivation are initially explained. Adsorption and relevant processes are outlined. The mechanical, chemical and adsorption properties of activated carbon are explained. The heart of the handbook outlines key application technologies. Other carbonaceous adsorbents are only introduced briefly. The content of the second part of the special issue is highlighted at the end.","PeriodicalId":472933,"journal":{"name":"Technologies (Basel)","volume":"51 9-10","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135221748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Improvement of β-SiC Synthesis Technology on Silicon Substrate 硅衬底上β-SiC合成技术的改进

Technologies (Basel) Pub Date : 2023-10-27 DOI: 10.3390/technologies11060152

Yana Suchikova, Sergii Kovachov, Ihor Bohdanov, Artem L. Kozlovskiy, Maxim V. Zdorovets, Anatoli I. Popov

引用次数: 0