Saudi Dental Journal最新文献

{"title":"The potential of eggshell membrane in bone regeneration: a scoping review of applications and advances.","authors":"Besir Salihu, Mirsad Shkreta, Lavdie Leci, Vjosa Hamiti Krasniqi, Bylbyl Recica, Venera Bimbashi","doi":"10.1007/s44445-026-00197-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44445-026-00197-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Eggshell membrane (ESM) is a naturally derived biomaterial with potential applications in bone regeneration and guided bone regeneration (GBR) because of its extracellular matrix-like structure and bioactive composition. This scoping review aimed to map the current evidence regarding the use of ESM and its derivatives in bone regeneration and regenerative dentistry. This review followed the PRISMA-ScR guidelines. PubMed, EBSCOhost, and Web of Science were searched for English-language studies published between January 2019 and August 2025. Studies investigating ESM in in vitro, in vivo, or clinical regenerative models were included. Data extraction and methodological quality overview were performed independently by two reviewers. Results were synthesized descriptively. Of 280 identified records, 13 studies met the inclusion criteria, including 9 in vivo studies, 3 in vitro studies, and 1 clinical study. Various ESM formulations were evaluated, including native, modified, mineralized, soluble, and composite systems. Overall, ESM-based materials demonstrated favorable biocompatibility, osteogenic potential, angiogenic activity, and support for bone healing and osseointegration. Modified ESM systems generally showed superior regenerative performance compared with native ESM. The only clinical study reported improved socket healing, increased bone density, and reduced postoperative pain when ESM was combined with advanced platelet-rich fibrin (A-PRF). Methodological limitations included heterogeneity of study designs, limited standardization, and scarcity of clinical evidence. Current evidence suggests that ESM is a promising biomaterial for bone regeneration and GBR applications. However, further standardized and well-designed clinical studies are necessary to confirm its long-term safety, efficacy, and clinical applicability.</p>","PeriodicalId":47246,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Dental Journal","volume":"38 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13280118/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148273349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Artificial intelligence and the future of prosthodontics: a narrative review.","authors":"J Antony Jayasheelan, V Manju, S S Deepthy, S K Saranya","doi":"10.1007/s44445-026-00192-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44445-026-00192-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This narrative review aims to systematically summarize and compile available evidence on the applications of artificial intelligence (AI) across major domains of prosthodontics, including complete dentures, removable partial dentures, fixed prosthodontics, implant-supported prosthodontics, and maxillofacial prosthetics.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A structured search of the literature was carried out using the PubMed and Scopus databases, along with manual screening of relevant journals, to identify peer-reviewed clinical, experimental, and review studies published between 2006 and 2025. Search strategies incorporated combinations of keywords related to \"artificial intelligence\", \"machine learning\", \"deep learning\", and \"neural network\" as well as prosthodontic domain-specific terms. A total of 54 studies that met the inclusion criteria were selected for analysis. Because of variability in study designs, datasets, and reported outcomes, a quantitative meta-analysis was not feasible, so findings were synthesized using a descriptive narrative approach. This review was conducted as a narrative study and did not adhere to a PRISMA protocol.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The included studies show that artificial intelligence applications in prosthodontics are predominantly concentrated in implant prosthodontics, followed by fixed and removable prosthodontics. AI methodologies were frequently applied to arch classification, image interpretation, predictive modeling, prosthesis design, implant system recognition, and workflow optimization, with many studies reporting accuracy levels exceeding 90% under controlled conditions. Despite these results, most evidence is derived from retrospective or experimental settings, with limited prospective clinical validation. Commonly reported challenges include data quality, lack of model transparency, ethical considerations, and difficulties in the use of AI systems in routine clinical workflows.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Current evidence indicates that artificial intelligence has been widely explored as a supportive adjunct within digital prosthodontic workflows. Further standardized validation, prospective clinical studies, and ethical oversight are required to clarify clinical applicability and guide responsible integration into routine prosthodontic practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":47246,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Dental Journal","volume":"38 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13269625/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148253917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative clinical evaluation of Icon resin infiltration and Vanish XT varnish for managing white spot lesions: a randomized controlled trial.","authors":"Deem Al-Blaihed, Doaa Jamal, Khlood Baghlaf, Shahad N Abudawood, Rabab Aljawi, Omar Abd El Sadek El Meligy","doi":"10.1007/s44445-026-00193-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44445-026-00193-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>White spot lesions (WSLs) are a common esthetic concern. This study compared the clinical efficacy of Icon^® resin infiltration (RI) and Vanish™ XT varnish (Vanish XT) in improving WSL appearance. A single-blinded randomized controlled trial was conducted on 138 WSLs in 33 children aged 7-14 years. Participants were randomly assigned (1:1) to receive Icon^® RI (n = 75) or Vanish XT (n = 63). Lesions were evaluated at baseline (T0), immediately post-treatment (T1), and after 12 weeks (T2). Objective color changes were measured using the CIE L*a*b* system, while subjective esthetic improvement and opacity reduction were assessed using a visual analog scale (VAS). The Icon^® group demonstrated significantly greater reduction in color mismatch relative to adjacent sound enamel at T1 (ΔE = 2.34 ± 0.5) compared with the Vanish XT group (ΔE = 6.35 ± 1.2, P < 0.05). However, these findings should be interpreted with caution, as measurements at T1 may have been influenced by transient enamel dehydration. At 12 weeks, the Icon^® group continued to demonstrate lower ΔE values than the Vanish XT group (ΔE = 4.69 ± 0.7 vs. 8.50 ± 1.3, P < 0.001). VAS scores were significantly higher for the Icon^® group in both esthetic satisfaction and opacity reduction (P < 0.01). Minor surface staining occurred in two Icon^® cases at follow up but did not affect overall esthetic perception. Within the short follow-up period, Icon^® RI demonstrated improved esthetic outcomes compared with Vanish™ XT, with differences observed in color parameters and subjective assessments. However, conclusions regarding long-term color stability remain limited.</p>","PeriodicalId":47246,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Dental Journal","volume":"38 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13269611/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148253904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chicken eggshell paste versus CPP-ACP for enamel remineralization: a pilot in vitro study using micro-computed tomography.","authors":"Saskia Karenina Latif, Eva Fauziah, Sarworini Bagio Budiardjo, Fourier Dzar Eljabbar Latief","doi":"10.1007/s44445-026-00176-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44445-026-00176-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Dental caries in primary teeth affects over 80% of children in many developing countries. Minimal intervention focuses on enamel remineralization. CPP-ACP is widely used, but chicken eggshells, a calcium carbonate-rich biowaste, may offer a sustainable, low-cost alternative. To compare the remineralization potential of chicken eggshell paste versus CPP-ACP on induced white spot lesions in primary enamel using micro-CT. This pilot in vitro pretest-posttest study used consecutive sampling (n = 3/group). Nine primary incisors with induced lesions were assigned to chicken eggshell paste, CPP-ACP, or negative control. Samples underwent pH cycling. Micro-CT assessed demineralization depth and mineral density pre- and post-treatment. Data were analyzed using mixed ANOVA, paired t-tests with Bonferroni correction (p < 0.017), and one-way ANOVA with Tukey HSD. Data were normally distributed (p > 0.05). Mixed ANOVA revealed significant time×group interactions for depth (F(2,6)=431.53, p < 0.001) and density (F(2,6)=23.90, p = 0.001). Both eggshell paste (depth: 130.85 ± 2.06 µm, p < 0.001; density: 15.76 ± 3.78, p = 0.019) and CPP-ACP (depth: 102.76 ± 9.98 µm, p = 0.003; density: 13.58 ± 2.82, p = 0.014) significantly improved from baseline, while controls worsened in depth (-3.24 ± 0.66 µm, p = 0.014). Eggshell paste reduced depth more than CPP-ACP (mean difference: 28.09 µm, p = 0.003), but both were comparable for density (p = 0.618). Both treatments outperformed controls (p < 0.01). Chicken eggshell paste demonstrated remineralization efficacy comparable to CPP-ACP, supporting its potential as a sustainable alternative for early caries management in primary teeth.</p>","PeriodicalId":47246,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Dental Journal","volume":"38 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13260478/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148228665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Use of Psidium guajava fruit suspension may prevent treatment relapse following orthodontic tooth movement in Wistar rat model.","authors":"Arwa Aldeeri, Mohammed Alahmed, Yasser Alshawakir, Rita Khounganian, Abdullah Aldrees","doi":"10.1007/s44445-026-00195-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44445-026-00195-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To investigate the effect of Psidium guajava fruit suspension in preventing orthodontic treatment relapse in a Wistar rat model. Twenty-four male Wistar rats (aged 8-12 weeks) underwent orthodontic treatment on the left maxillary side for 48 days. After space creation, orthodontic appliances were removed, and a 35-day retention phase was initiated. Meanwhile, the rats were randomly allocated to two groups. The control group received normal saline, and the intervention group received a suspension of 250 mg/kg P. guajava via oral gavage. After retention, the resin retainers were removed to allow for a 7-day relapse phase. Polyvinyl siloxane impressions were obtained at the start (T0) and end (T1) of the relapse phase and scanned for analysis using OrthoCad software. Of the 24 rats initially recruited, 20 rats successfully completed the experiment and were included in the statistical analysis. The mean orthodontic tooth movement (T0) and relapse measurements (T1) in the intervention group were 0.570 ± 0.125 mm and 0.515 ± 0.094 mm, respectively. In the control group, the corresponding mean values were 0.630 ± 0.194 mm and 0.410 ± 0.204 mm, respectively. The intervention group demonstrated significantly lower mean orthodontic relapse (T1-T0) than that of the control group (-0.055 ± 0.089 mm and -0.220 ± 0.058 mm, respectively, P < 0.001). Orally administered P. guajava fruit suspension may reduce orthodontic relapse and improve treatment outcomes. Further studies are required to validate these findings and elucidate the underlying mechanisms before considering human trials.</p>","PeriodicalId":47246,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Dental Journal","volume":"38 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13253938/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148220296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of repressing and thermomechanical fatigue on color stability and translucency of IPS Emax and Celtra press: an in vitro study.","authors":"Sally N El Adawy, Dina M Aboulftouh, Shahenda T AbuAmu, Shaimaa A Alrafee","doi":"10.1007/s44445-026-00177-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44445-026-00177-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To evaluate the stain resistance of repressed IPS Emax and Celtra Press after thermo-mechanical fatigue. Two pressable glass ceramics, IPS e.max press (Ivoclar, Vivadent) and Celtra press (Dentsply, Sirona), were used in this study. Thirty discs (2 × 10 mm) were fabricated: (n = 15) e.max press (Group E) and Celtra press (Group C). The discs were fabricated using a repressing technique where remnant buttons from the initial press were reshaped as new ingots by removing all sprues. Each group was subdivided into three equal subgroups after thermo-mechanical fatigue according to the immersion solution: subgroup (AS): Artificial saliva (control immersion medium), subgroup(T): Tea solution and subgroup (C): Cola solution, (n = 5). Color and translucency measurements were recorded for all specimens. Data was collected and statistically analyzed using a two-way ANOVA test to study the interaction of study variables. Statistical analysis revealed that IPS e.max Press displayed significantly greater color deviation (ΔE) compared to Celtra Press in artificial saliva and tea groups, whereas no significant difference was observed between groups immersed in cola (p = 0.064).TP increased after staining, particularly in cola subgroups, with Celtra Press/cola showing the highest values. Two-way ANOVA revealed significant effects of material, staining medium, and their interaction on both ΔE and TP (p < 0.001). Both repressed IPS e.max Press and Celtra Press ceramics are susceptible to changes in color stability and translucency following exposure to common staining agents and thermomechanical aging.</p>","PeriodicalId":47246,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Dental Journal","volume":"38 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13253927/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148220233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Parental factors influencing children's oral health in Saudi Arabia: a narrative review.","authors":"Hassan Suliman Halawany","doi":"10.1007/s44445-026-00196-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44445-026-00196-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Children's oral health is strongly shaped by family-level influences, yet the role of parental factors in Saudi Arabia has not been comprehensively synthesized. This narrative review aims to examine the influence of parental knowledge, attitudes, practices, education, socioeconomic status, and psychological factors on children's oral health outcomes in Saudi Arabia. A structured search of five electronic databases was undertaken, and eligible studies were narratively synthesized in accordance with the Scale for the Assessment of Narrative Review Articles (SANRA). Included studies were evaluated for parental factors influencing dental disease prevalence, dental attendance patterns, orthodontic treatment demand, oral healthcare for children with special needs, and the role of dental professionals. Parental oral health literacy was consistently associated with children's brushing habits, dietary practices, and utilization of preventive dental services. Misconceptions regarding the importance of primary teeth, delayed first dental visits, and treatment-seeking only when symptoms occurred were frequently reported. Dental caries, particularly early childhood caries, remained highly prevalent across regions and was strongly linked to inadequate parental supervision, cariogenic feeding practices, and socioeconomic disadvantage. Children with special healthcare needs experienced greater oral disease burden and faced additional barriers related to access and delivery of dental care. Orthodontic treatment demand was influenced by parental perceptions, aesthetic concerns, and financial considerations. Parental dental anxiety was also associated with child fear and avoidance of dental care. Furthermore, variability in preventive practices among dental professionals highlighted opportunities for strengthening professional education and early intervention systems. Improving pediatric oral health in Saudi Arabia requires family-centered and prevention-oriented strategies that address both behavioral and structural barriers. Enhancing parental oral health literacy, promoting early routine dental attendance, expanding inclusive care services, and integrating oral health promotion into primary healthcare may substantially reduce the burden of preventable oral disease among Saudi children.</p>","PeriodicalId":47246,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Dental Journal","volume":"38 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13247011/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148200586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Maxillary sinus morphometry and root-sinus proximity in the posterior maxilla: a CBCT study.","authors":"Marwa Madi","doi":"10.1007/s44445-026-00198-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44445-026-00198-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The aim of this study was to quantify maxillary sinus anteroposterior (AP), mediolateral (ML), and superior-inferior (SI) dimensions at 5 mm and 10 mm above the sinus floor on cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) and compare them by sex; classify posterior molar root-sinus relationships using the Tian classification (IS/CO/OS); and also to assess whether sinus dimensions differ across Tian proximity categories in a tooth-, side-, and sex-stratified manner. This cross-sectional study analyzed 120 CBCT scans (62 males, 58 females; age 20-50 years) obtained from the College of Dentistry, between March to September 2025. Sinus dimensions were measured bilaterally at 5 and 10 mm from the sinus floor (reference levels) at axial and coronal views. Root length of the maxillary third, second, and first molars were recorded. Root-sinus proximity was categorized using the Tian classification. Sex comparisons were performed using independent-samples t-tests and Mann-Whitney U tests; associations between sinus dimensions and Tian categories were evaluated using one-way ANOVA with Tukey post hoc comparisons. Sinus dimensions were significantly larger in males on both sides at both reference levels (all p ≤ 0.022 on the right; all p ≤ 0.007 on the left). The right AP length at 5 mm was 33.3 ± 4.9 mm in males versus 29.7 ± 4.6 mm in females (p < 0.001). Root lengths did not differ significantly between sexes for most molars, with the exception of the right second molar, which was significantly longer in males (p = 0.019). Tian distributions were generally comparable between sexes except for the left first molar (p = 0.026), where Type CO was more prevalent in females (73.1%) and Type IS was observed only in males (10.4%). SI height at 5 mm showed the most consistent associations with Tian category, with Type OS demonstrating lower values than Type CO and Type IS. All 10 significant associations withstood Benjamini-Hochberg false discovery rate correction (adjusted p-values: 0.002-0.021). Maxillary sinus dimensions showed consistent sexual dimorphism at both reference levels, with males exhibiting larger AP, ML, and SI dimensions than females. Molar root lengths were largely comparable between sexes, with the exception of the right second molar. Root-sinus proximity patterns were generally similar between sexes, and associations between sinus morphometry and Tian proximity categories were selective rather than uniform, with SI height at 5 mm being the most consistently associated parameter. These findings highlight the importance of incorporating sex-specific anatomical considerations into CBCT assessments to optimize the predictability of sinus augmentations and implant surgeries in the posterior maxilla.</p>","PeriodicalId":47246,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Dental Journal","volume":"38 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13247017/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148200638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the oral microbiome diversity and genus signatures associated with a novel non-invasive metabolic indicator: a cross-sectional study.","authors":"Kewei Wu, Le-Xin Yang, Zi-Jiang Chen, Yanzhi Du","doi":"10.1007/s44445-026-00191-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44445-026-00191-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To examine the associations between oral microbiome diversity and genus composition with the Zhejiang University Index (ZJU Index) and clinical biomarkers.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We included 2,490 eligible participants from the U.S. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Oral microbiome diversity was assessed using alpha and beta diversity, and genus-level analyses were based on abundance transformed using the centered log-ratio (CLR) method to account for compositionality. Weighted logistic regression models were used to assess the corresponding associations. Beta diversity disparities were evaluated through Principal Coordinate Analysis (PCoA) and Permutational Multivariate Analysis of Variance (PERMANOVA).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Alpha diversity metrics were positively correlated with the ZJU Index in males aged 30-44 years (Faith's Phylogenetic Diversity: unadjusted: β = 0.05, 95% CI: 0.006 to 0.094, p = 0.033; Model 1: β = 0.058, 95% CI: 0.011 to 0.104, p = 0.026; Model 2: β = 0.076, 95% CI: 0.032 to 0.120, p = 0.005; Model 3: β = 0.081, 95% CI: 0.035 to 0.128, p = 0.008) and in females aged 60-69 years (Observed ASVs: β = 1.242, 95% CI: 0.345 to 2.139, p = 0.042; Faith's Phylogenetic Diversity: β = 0.097, 95% CI: 0.025 to 0.168, p = 0.045). Significant differences in beta diversity metrics were observed among ZJU Index-defined subgroups (p < 0.05), confirmed with age- and sex-stratified analyses. Genera including Bulleidia, Senegalimassilia, Fretibacterium, and Hungatella exhibited significant associations with the ZJU Index and with clinical biomarkers (triglycerides, low-density lipoproteins (LDL), high-density lipoproteins (HDL), insulin, and testosterone).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Higher oral microbiome alpha diversity was associated with higher ZJU Index in certain populations. Beta diversity demonstrated that ZJU Index-defined subgroups differed in oral microbial composition. Specific genera were identified to be significantly associated with the ZJU Index and clinical biomarkers.</p>","PeriodicalId":47246,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Dental Journal","volume":"38 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13247019/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148200651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The link between dental care use and incident diabetes, cancer, and Alzheimer disease among older Americans: the health and retirement study.","authors":"Nafise Agheshteh Sabzevar, Farhan Musaie, Ava Ostovar Ravari, Narin Gharehdaghi, Koosha Kianfar, Sina Ahmadi, Shahryar Irannejadrankouhi, Tara Fazel, Sina Sadeghi, Danyal Yarahmadi, Hadis Malekpour, Niloofar Deravi","doi":"10.1007/s44445-026-00189-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44445-026-00189-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Oral health is crucial for overall well-being, especially in older adults at higher risk for chronic diseases. This study examines the link between regular dental care and 10-year incidence of major conditions-Alzheimer's, dementia, stroke, diabetes, cancer-using data from the Health and Retirement Study (HRS), a representative survey of older Americans. Data from 15,320 dementia‑free participants aged 50 years and older interviewed in 2008 were analyzed. Regular dental visits in the previous 2 years were the primary exposure, and a composite dental condition measure (poor versus good, combining edentulism and self‑rated oral health) was examined in an oral‑health subsample. Incident Alzheimer's disease, all‑cause dementia, stroke, diabetes, and cancer over approximately 10 years of follow‑up were ascertained from physician diagnoses and cognitive assessments. Multivariable logistic regression models estimated odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs), controlling for sociodemographic, behavioral, and clinical factors. Regular dental visiting was associated with a substantially lower 10‑year risk of cognitive diseases, stroke, cancer, and diabetes outcomes. In fully adjusted models, regular attenders had markedly reduced odds of incident Alzheimer's disease and all‑cause dementia compared with non‑attenders, and similar but weaker associations with stroke, diabetes, and cancer were observed. In the oral‑health subsample, poor dental condition was strongly related to higher odds of incident all‑cause dementia, with attenuated but persisting elevation after adjustment, while showing little evidence of association with incident Alzheimer's disease, stroke, diabetes, or cancer. In this large cohort of older Americans, regular dental care use and favourable baseline dental condition were both associated with a lower 10‑year incidence of dementia, particularly all‑cause dementia, whereas links with vascular and metabolic outcomes were limited. These findings support integrating oral health maintenance into strategies to preserve cognitive health in ageing populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":47246,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Dental Journal","volume":"38 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13234096/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148151475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}