Criminology & Criminal Justice最新文献

{"title":"Conditional dismissal as an alternative to the traditional criminal proceedings in Israel","authors":"Efrat Shoham, Eitan Nicotra","doi":"10.1177/17488958211004670","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/17488958211004670","url":null,"abstract":"The overloaded court system, along with the increasing recognition of the harm inflicted upon offenders by the criminal court procedure, led, in 2013, to the enactment of a new criminal-administrative procedure, termed “conditional dismissals,” which diverts minor offenses from the courts to be settled by prosecution authorities. This preliminary study examines the profile of 1750 cases of conditional dismissals concluded by district attorneys and police prosecution division between 2016 and 2018 and whether some notions of the “restorative justice” model were implemented. The findings indicate that both district attorneys and police prosecution division had initial difficulties in implementing the notion of diverting cases from the criminal court process. Over half of the cases in both agencies were for bodily injury and property offenses. There is a significant difference regarding the majority of the dismissal terms between the district attorneys and the police prosecution division. The results further indicate that 4.5% of all dismissals contained only restorative stipulations (especially in sex offenses), and one-third contained restorative stipulations along with punitive stipulations. The findings also show that the district attorneys are more inclined to use restorative terms, while the police prosecution division is more inclined to use punitive terms. The article discusses the possible explanations for these findings and the significant differences in the application of restorative practice between the police prosecution division and the district attorneys.","PeriodicalId":47217,"journal":{"name":"Criminology & Criminal Justice","volume":"22 1","pages":"694 - 713"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2021-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/17488958211004670","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43947561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Book review: Speaking Out: Feminism, Rape and Narrative Politics","authors":"Gemma Flynn","doi":"10.1177/1748895821992578","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1748895821992578","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47217,"journal":{"name":"Criminology & Criminal Justice","volume":"21 1","pages":"427 - 429"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2021-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1748895821992578","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44126524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Book review: Resist the Punitive State – Grassroots Struggles Across Welfare and, Housing, Education and Prisons, by Emily Luise Hart, J Greener and R Moth (eds)","authors":"N. Ceesay","doi":"10.1177/1748895820983673","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1748895820983673","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47217,"journal":{"name":"Criminology & Criminal Justice","volume":"21 1","pages":"587 - 589"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2021-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1748895820983673","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45493705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Book review: Capital Punishment in Independent Ireland: A Social, Political and Legal History, by David M Doyle and Liam O’Callaghan (eds.)","authors":"L. Seal","doi":"10.1177/1748895820967446","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1748895820967446","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47217,"journal":{"name":"Criminology & Criminal Justice","volume":"22 1","pages":"500 - 502"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2021-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1748895820967446","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42130072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Student motivations for studying criminology: A narrative inquiry","authors":"J. Trebilcock, C. Griffiths","doi":"10.1177/1748895821993843","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1748895821993843","url":null,"abstract":"The number of students studying criminology at university has significantly increased. Yet, criminology students have been all but ignored in research, despite being key stakeholders and ambassadors in the criminological enterprise. Drawing on the analysis of 12 in-depth interviews, we explore why students are motivated to study criminology and how these motivations are linked to their past experiences and future aspirations. Using a narrative inquiry, three types of stories emerged through our analysis: stories about (1) building on existing interests, (2) understanding the ‘self’, and (3) securing ‘justice’ and ‘helping’ others. The stories students tell about their exposure to ‘crime’ help motivate their decision to study criminology, while their engagement with the discipline, enables them to make sense of these previous experiences and of themselves.","PeriodicalId":47217,"journal":{"name":"Criminology & Criminal Justice","volume":"22 1","pages":"480 - 497"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2021-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1748895821993843","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49368452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Book review: Drug Courts and the Criminal Justice System","authors":"T. Price","doi":"10.1177/1748895820911797","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1748895820911797","url":null,"abstract":"Bakhtin M (1981) Discourse in the novel. In: Holquist M (ed.) The Dialogic Imagination: Four Essays by M. M. Bakhtin (Translated from the Russian by Michael Holquist). Austin, TX: University of Texas Press, pp. 259–422. Brownmiller S (1976) Against Our Will: Men, Women and Rape. Melbourne, VIC, Australia: Penguin Books. Kipnis L (2017) Unwanted Advances: Sexual Paranoia Comes to Campus. New York: Harper Collins. Lyotard J-F (1988) The Differend: Phrases in Dispute. Minneapolis, MN: University of Minnesota Press. Serisier T (2018) Speaking Out: Feminism, Rape and Narrative Politics. Cham, Switzerland: Palgrave Macmillan.","PeriodicalId":47217,"journal":{"name":"Criminology & Criminal Justice","volume":"21 1","pages":"429 - 431"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2021-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1748895820911797","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43613633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Book review: The Cultural and Economic Context of Maternal Infanticide: A Crying Baby and the Inability to Escape","authors":"Emma Milne","doi":"10.1177/1748895820911791","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1748895820911791","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47217,"journal":{"name":"Criminology & Criminal Justice","volume":"22 1","pages":"343 - 344"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2021-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1748895820911791","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46191404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Book review: Respect and Criminal Justice","authors":"D. Hayes","doi":"10.1177/1748895820985631","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1748895820985631","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47217,"journal":{"name":"Criminology & Criminal Justice","volume":"21 1","pages":"725 - 726"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2021-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1748895820985631","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47229832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Book review: Privatising Justice: The Security Industry, War and Crime Control, by Wendy Fitzgibbon and John Lea","authors":"Harriet Burgess BL","doi":"10.1177/1748895820987319","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1748895820987319","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47217,"journal":{"name":"Criminology & Criminal Justice","volume":"21 1","pages":"585 - 587"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2021-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1748895820987319","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42100039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Book review: A Criminology of Moral Order","authors":"Emma Milne","doi":"10.1177/1748895820911796","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1748895820911796","url":null,"abstract":"explicitly considering ‘how the larger, social contexts in which mothers must operate contribute to her lethal violence’ (p. 13). By contextualising women’s violence against their infants in the structures of ideologies of ‘good mothering’, Smithey outlines how women assess their parenting actions and the behaviour of their infant against unrealistic standard, coming to the inevitable conclusion that they are simply not good enough mothers. As such, the crying of the baby and the inability to escape that crying, due to social-cultural circumstances that constrict parenting activities for all but the wealthy, results in a situation whereby force to gain compliance is not an unreasonable or unexpected next step for a mother. As such, Smithey roots mother’s fatal assaults of their infants firmly within the structures of patriarchy, exposing another consequence of gender economic and cultural inequality. As a conclusion of her analysis, Smithey briefly touches on the unhelpfulness of criminal justice and social services interventions, identifying the condemnation of ‘bad mothering’ as an element of the problem, rather than part of the solution, particularly in relation to stringent punishments and criminal justice responses (which is common in the United States comparative to legal jurisdictions that have the offence of infanticide, such as the England and Wales, Canada and New Zealand). As part of this conclusion, Smithey carefully skirts around the question of women’s agency in committing these violent acts. An assessment of agency was not a focus of Smithey’s analysis and so my comments here are not to note a limitation of the book. However, the complex and compelling analysis that Smithey presents lends itself to further develop this idea of agency and what role criminal control and punishment should play in response to maternal infant filicide if, as Smithey argues, the causes of this violence are entirely rooted in patriarchal capitalism, the oppression of women by men, and devaluation and disregard for the stresses and strains of raising children. The question of women’s agency as criminal offenders is one that has been at the focus of feminist criminology for decades and that still requires theorisation, particularly in light of sociological analysis of criminal activity, such as that provided by Smithey. Overall, this is a compelling book that provides an excellent overview of the issue of maternal violence towards their infants. The data presented and sociological theorisation is impressive. The book is well written, and the reader is walked through the theory, identifying the steps towards fatal maternal violence. The selected extracts from the interviews add depth and dynamic to the theorisation, supporting Smithey’s arguments and facilitating understanding.","PeriodicalId":47217,"journal":{"name":"Criminology & Criminal Justice","volume":"22 1","pages":"344 - 346"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2021-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1748895820911796","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44440825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}