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Disentangling practitioners’ understandings of child sexual exploitation: The risks of assuming otherwise? 解开从业者对儿童性剥削的理解:假设不是这样的风险?
IF 1.5 3区 社会学
Criminology & Criminal Justice Pub Date : 2021-02-10 DOI: 10.1177/1748895821993525
S. Weston, Gabe Mythen
{"title":"Disentangling practitioners’ understandings of child sexual exploitation: The risks of assuming otherwise?","authors":"S. Weston, Gabe Mythen","doi":"10.1177/1748895821993525","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1748895821993525","url":null,"abstract":"This article reports findings from a qualitative study investigating the efficacy and the effects of a child sexual exploitation awareness raising intervention with young people. Drawing on in-depth interviews with members of a multi-agency team set up to prevent child sexual exploitation, we elucidate the way in which practitioners communicate the problem of child sexual exploitation and how risk registers are deployed to assess the dangerousness of young people’s behaviours. In examining practitioners’ understandings of child sexual exploitation, we illuminate the ways in which educative interventions in this domain are informed by a confluence of policy guidelines and personal/experiential perceptions. Unravelling the tensions arising between these two frames of interpretation, we illustrate that – despite routine recourse to embedded professional knowledge – underlying moral and cultural assumptions alongside anxieties about childhood sexuality influence practitioners’ understandings of the nature of risk, who is at risk and the context in which risks manifest themselves.","PeriodicalId":47217,"journal":{"name":"Criminology & Criminal Justice","volume":"22 1","pages":"618 - 635"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2021-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1748895821993525","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42585847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Exploring criminal justice policy transfer models and mobilities using a case study of violence reduction 通过减少暴力的案例研究探讨刑事司法政策的转移模式和流动性
IF 1.5 3区 社会学
Criminology & Criminal Justice Pub Date : 2021-02-08 DOI: 10.1177/1748895821991607
William Graham, A. Robertson
{"title":"Exploring criminal justice policy transfer models and mobilities using a case study of violence reduction","authors":"William Graham, A. Robertson","doi":"10.1177/1748895821991607","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1748895821991607","url":null,"abstract":"Although there is growing interest in criminal justice policy transfer, a dearth of empirical research in this area has been acknowledged. This article addresses this gap by presenting the results of research conducted on a case of policy transfer of a criminal justice programme, focused on group/gang violence reduction, from America to Scotland. Policy transfer models were used to develop, frame and conduct the analysis of what was considered a ‘successful’ programme transfer; however, it was found that no single model could fully account conceptually for a key finding of the research, namely a policy transfer ‘backflow’. This article details the key processes, mechanisms and outcomes of the policy transfer and in doing so reflects on the usefulness of orthodox and non-orthodox/social-constructionist policy transfer approaches in understanding the outcomes of this case of criminal justice programme transfer.","PeriodicalId":47217,"journal":{"name":"Criminology & Criminal Justice","volume":"22 1","pages":"423 - 441"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2021-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1748895821991607","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42876204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
Silence, joint enterprise and the legal trap 沉默、联合企业与法律陷阱
IF 1.5 3区 社会学
Criminology & Criminal Justice Pub Date : 2021-02-08 DOI: 10.1177/1748895821991622
Susie Hulley, T. Young
{"title":"Silence, joint enterprise and the legal trap","authors":"Susie Hulley, T. Young","doi":"10.1177/1748895821991622","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1748895821991622","url":null,"abstract":"The so-called ‘wall of silence’ presents a threat to successful police investigations and criminal trials. Explanations for it have focused on cultural narratives, including distrust in the police, a ‘no snitching’ culture and manipulative ‘professional criminals’. Drawing on a study of serious multi-handed violence and ‘joint enterprise’ as a legal response, this article highlights the role of the law, and its agents, in generating silence among young suspects, whose primary concern is the legal risks of talking. Yet, these young people face a precarious trap, as their silence is interpreted as guilt by the police, propelling them towards charge. This article concludes that to avoid over-charging and to encourage young people with knowledge of serious violence to talk, structural change is needed. The system must reverse the legal rules regarding silence and reform the law on secondary liability to reduce the legal risks of talking.","PeriodicalId":47217,"journal":{"name":"Criminology & Criminal Justice","volume":"22 1","pages":"714 - 732"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2021-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1748895821991622","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"65568277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
A new front in the history wars? Responding to Rubenhold’s feminist revision of the Ripper 历史战争的新战线?回应鲁本霍尔德对开膛手的女权主义修正
IF 1.5 3区 社会学
Criminology & Criminal Justice Pub Date : 2021-02-05 DOI: 10.1177/1748895821992460
P. Bleakley
{"title":"A new front in the history wars? Responding to Rubenhold’s feminist revision of the Ripper","authors":"P. Bleakley","doi":"10.1177/1748895821992460","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1748895821992460","url":null,"abstract":"Hallie Rubenhold’s The Five: The Untold Lives of the Women Killed By Jack the Ripper has drawn the criticism of the community of amateur sleuths dubbed ‘Ripperologists’ for its revisionist perspective, which claims that the canonical five victims of Jack the Ripper were not all sex workers. Rubenhold’s victim-centred approach has opened a new front in the history wars, as Ripperologists accuse her of historical denialism in pursuit of a feminist agenda. This article assesses Rubenhold’s methods, and her contribution to historical criminology, as well as considering why dominant historical narratives of crime prove so resistant to reinterpretation.","PeriodicalId":47217,"journal":{"name":"Criminology & Criminal Justice","volume":"22 1","pages":"659 - 675"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2021-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1748895821992460","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41802870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
‘Dragonisation’ revisited: A progressive criminal justice policy in Wales? “龙化”重访:威尔士进步的刑事司法政策?
IF 1.5 3区 社会学
Criminology & Criminal Justice Pub Date : 2021-02-01 DOI: 10.1177/1748895821990428
Jonathan Evans, R. Jones, Nerys Musgrove
{"title":"‘Dragonisation’ revisited: A progressive criminal justice policy in Wales?","authors":"Jonathan Evans, R. Jones, Nerys Musgrove","doi":"10.1177/1748895821990428","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1748895821990428","url":null,"abstract":"The concept of ‘dragonisation’ was the first authoritative attempt to engage with criminal justice policy in post-devolution Wales. Its central claim, that devolution created the space and conditions for progressive justice policy to flourish in Wales while remaining part of the unitary England and Wales jurisdiction, remains largely unchallenged more than a decade since it first entered Welsh criminological vocabulary. By reviewing policy developments and drawing upon empirical research, this article revisits dragonisation to assess the extent to which Welsh policy has continued to diverge from England since the formative years of devolution. The arguments presented here contribute to emerging discussions over the future of criminal justice policy in Wales and form part of a wider criminological research agenda aimed at producing fine-grained territorial analyses of criminal justice practices, including differences within the same jurisdiction.","PeriodicalId":47217,"journal":{"name":"Criminology & Criminal Justice","volume":"22 1","pages":"636 - 653"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2021-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1748895821990428","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44588608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5
Exploring the role of Spanish judges in the investigation and prosecution of human trafficking for the purpose of sexual exploitation 探讨西班牙法官在调查和起诉为性剥削目的贩运人口方面的作用
IF 1.5 3区 社会学
Criminology & Criminal Justice Pub Date : 2021-01-18 DOI: 10.1177/1748895820984820
Carmen Meneses-Falcón, Antonio Rúa-Vieites, Jorge Uroz-Olivares
{"title":"Exploring the role of Spanish judges in the investigation and prosecution of human trafficking for the purpose of sexual exploitation","authors":"Carmen Meneses-Falcón, Antonio Rúa-Vieites, Jorge Uroz-Olivares","doi":"10.1177/1748895820984820","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1748895820984820","url":null,"abstract":"This study explores the difficulties that Spanish judges face during the judicial investigation and trial of the trafficking of human beings for sexual exploitation. Here, we highlight the issues of judges’ lack of training and the saturation of the courts due to the excessive work that these crimes entail. To collect data, responses from 71 Spanish judges were collected through a questionnaire, and nine semi-structured interviews were conducted in three Spanish provinces (Barcelona, Malaga and Madrid). Noteworthy findings include the fact that almost half of the judges had dealt with a case involving this type of crime and that a third ended up closing the case. In the responses received, the lack of victims’ collaboration in the judicial process was highlighted as one of the difficulties as was the lack of resources to investigate these crimes and the involvement of other crimes.","PeriodicalId":47217,"journal":{"name":"Criminology & Criminal Justice","volume":"22 1","pages":"601 - 617"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2021-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1748895820984820","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44431281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Correctional oversight bodies’ resources and protections across the European Union: Are their hands tied? 欧盟各地惩教监督机构的资源和保护：他们被束缚了吗？
IF 1.5 3区 社会学
Criminology & Criminal Justice Pub Date : 2021-01-12 DOI: 10.1177/1748895820986966
E. Aizpurua, M. Rogan
{"title":"Correctional oversight bodies’ resources and protections across the European Union: Are their hands tied?","authors":"E. Aizpurua, M. Rogan","doi":"10.1177/1748895820986966","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1748895820986966","url":null,"abstract":"Oversight bodies play a critical role in upholding human rights standards in prison. Several international instruments require states to establish independent forms of prison oversight and to give them the powers they need to conduct their work. Resources are central to the effectiveness and independence of oversight bodies. Of equal importance is the ability of prison oversight bodies to offer protections against reprisals for those who choose to speak to them and for their own staff. In this article, we provide results from the first survey of prison oversight bodies in the European Union and the United Kingdom, focusing on the resources and protections which prison oversight bodies in these states have to enable them to conduct their work. Our results suggest the need to strengthen the financial independence of prison oversight bodies, with slightly less than half of the bodies having their own budget to monitor prisons. Bodies which had their own budgets had a greater number of staff members and a greater variety of professional backgrounds among their members, likely influencing their ability to fulfil their mandate. Our results also point to the need to develop further protection mechanisms against reprisals for those who speak with inspectors as well as for staff from prison oversight bodies.","PeriodicalId":47217,"journal":{"name":"Criminology & Criminal Justice","volume":"22 1","pages":"383 - 403"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2021-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1748895820986966","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43910801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
Strangers in our midst: Immigration, social capital and segmented conflict 我们中间的陌生人:移民、社会资本和分段冲突
IF 1.5 3区 社会学
Criminology & Criminal Justice Pub Date : 2021-01-11 DOI: 10.1177/1748895820986226
C. Griffiths
{"title":"Strangers in our midst: Immigration, social capital and segmented conflict","authors":"C. Griffiths","doi":"10.1177/1748895820986226","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1748895820986226","url":null,"abstract":"Putnam famously stated in his ‘hunkering down’ thesis that residents of diverse communities experiencing immigration retreat into their homes inhibiting the production of ‘social capital’. Immigration is therefore often posited to disrupt communities and positive social interaction, ultimately increasing tension and conflict between groups. Moving beyond Putnam’s simplistic account that immigration inevitably disrupts social capital, this article aims to instead show the complex features of civility and conflict that can co-exist among migrant and local communities. The research was based in a small working-class town in the North West of England that experienced the migration of Polish workers. Using a mixture of quantitative and qualitative methods, the key results show how new Polish migrants in particular demonstrate complex forms of social interaction displaying in-group hostility but out-group civility. Lenski’s notion of ‘status inconsistency’ is used to help explain why migrants with a high level of education but a low income are particularly mistrustful and intolerant of others.","PeriodicalId":47217,"journal":{"name":"Criminology & Criminal Justice","volume":"22 1","pages":"559 - 580"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2021-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1748895820986226","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48384885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Beyond wildlife crime: Towards the concept of ‘mundane fauna crime’ 超越野生动物犯罪:走向“世俗动物犯罪”的概念
IF 1.5 3区 社会学
Criminology & Criminal Justice Pub Date : 2020-12-28 DOI: 10.1177/1748895820981603
Orlando Goodall
{"title":"Beyond wildlife crime: Towards the concept of ‘mundane fauna crime’","authors":"Orlando Goodall","doi":"10.1177/1748895820981603","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1748895820981603","url":null,"abstract":"Research and theorisation on crimes against non-human species in rural regions have been conducted with less conceptual refinement than crimes against anthropocentric victims. The dominant conception of ‘wildlife crime’ predominantly advanced by the rational choice school of criminology is a nebulous ‘chaotic concept’. This article disaggregates crimes against common and relatively abundant species from that capacious categorisation and offers the original concept of ‘mundane fauna crime’ as a more precise alternative. The original concept aims to supersede the wildlife crime terminology using realist social relations theory and to offer researchers a rational abstraction to advance aetiological explanations. The additional category of ‘illegal taking’ is offered to complement the central conceptualisation, thus supplanting the terms of ‘wildlife poaching’. The new model is intended to contribute to the advancement of comprehensive theorisation and practically adequate knowledge on mundane fauna crimes in rural regions.","PeriodicalId":47217,"journal":{"name":"Criminology & Criminal Justice","volume":"22 1","pages":"217 - 234"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2020-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1748895820981603","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42766126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
The transmission of crime as work in Turkey: Identification and strategic mutuality 犯罪在土耳其的传播:识别和战略上的相互关系
IF 1.5 3区 社会学
Criminology & Criminal Justice Pub Date : 2020-12-15 DOI: 10.1177/1748895820978465
Boran Ali Mercan
{"title":"The transmission of crime as work in Turkey: Identification and strategic mutuality","authors":"Boran Ali Mercan","doi":"10.1177/1748895820978465","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1748895820978465","url":null,"abstract":"Bourdieusian criminology has produced useful concepts such as the street-criminal field, capital and habitus. In employing these concepts, this article demonstrates the importance of the criminal role model-image, such as the respected career criminal, as an ego-ideal among lower class youths who identify with these role models, acquiring bodily and mental criminal dispositions using the results of ethnographic research conducted in a run-down district in Ankara, the capital of Turkey. Focusing on a non-Western context with an original theoretical articulation, this article further suggests that the affective relationship between these disadvantaged lower class youths and respected older criminals lubricates the youths’ formation of criminal habitus and likewise constitutes a ‘strategic mutuality’ flowing through certain practices in the street-criminal fields. The original finding lies in revealing a strategic affinity transmitting knowledge of criminal techniques and skills across generations, and further making crime as work a reliable source of income for disadvantaged youths.","PeriodicalId":47217,"journal":{"name":"Criminology & Criminal Justice","volume":"22 1","pages":"542 - 558"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2020-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1748895820978465","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45498721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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