Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters最新文献

{"title":"Impacts of global biogenic isoprene emissions on surface ozone during 2000–2019","authors":"Yang Cao ,&nbsp;Xu Yue","doi":"10.1016/j.aosl.2024.100490","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aosl.2024.100490","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Biogenic isoprene is an important precursor of tropospheric ozone (O₃). Here, a coupled chemistry–vegetation model was used to quantify the contributions of isoprene emissions to surface O₃ pollution on the global scale during 2000–2019. The biogenic isoprene emissions showed high values in mid–low latitudes and seasonal peaks in the summer hemispheres. They promote global surface O₃ concentrations by 1.75 ppbv annually with regional hotspots of 4.39 ppbv (8.8%) in China and 5.36 ppbv (11.1%) in the U.S. in boreal summer. In the past two decades, isoprene emissions increased by 1.32 TgC yr⁻¹ (0.67% yr⁻¹) in the Northern Hemisphere but decreased by 0.71 TgC yr⁻¹ (0.44% yr⁻¹) in the Southern Hemisphere. Such changes of isoprene made opposite contributions to the surface O₃ trend, with 0.26 ppbv yr⁻¹ in eastern China but −0.32 ppbv yr⁻¹ in the southeastern U.S. due to the changes in the background regime of chemical reactions. The impact of anthropogenic changes on the O₃ trend is consistent with that of biogenic isoprene, but two to four times stronger in magnitude. This study revealed that the effective control of anthropogenic NO_<em>x</em> emissions could mitigate regional O₃ pollution even with the increased isoprene emissions under global warming.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47210,"journal":{"name":"Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters","volume":"17 6","pages":"Article 100490"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140398368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhanced nitrous acid (HONO) formation via NO2 uptake and its potential contribution to heavy haze formation during wintertime","authors":"Zirui Liu ,&nbsp;Rong Yang ,&nbsp;Jingyun Liu ,&nbsp;Keding Lu ,&nbsp;Guiqian Tang ,&nbsp;Yuepeng Pan ,&nbsp;Dongsheng Ji ,&nbsp;Yuesi Wang ,&nbsp;Bo Hu","doi":"10.1016/j.aosl.2024.100491","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aosl.2024.100491","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A full understanding of the sources of atmospheric nitrous acid (HONO) in the polluted urban atmosphere remains a challenge. In this study, ambient HONO and relevant species were measured during January 2019 at an urban site in Beijing, China, and a budget analysis of HONO was conducted using a box model combined with field observations. Large nighttime “missing sources” of HONO were identified on heavily polluted days based on traditional sources, which had a significant correlation with the relative humidity, ammonia (NH₃), and aerosol surface area, and the promotional effect of NH₃ for nitrogen dioxide (NO₂) uptake on the wet aerosol surface was discussed. Then, an updated parameterization scheme for quantifying the enhanced heterogeneous reactions of NO₂ on aerosol surfaces is proposed, and the missing nighttime sources of HONO could be substantially compensated after the new scheme was incorporated. Further evaluation on the contributions of HONO to hydroxyl radicals was conducted, and the authors found that the photolysis of HONO played a dominant role in the primary OH production on the polluted days (78%–90%). The study reveals great potential of an NH₃-enhanced uptake coefficient of NO₂ on the aerosol surface in the nocturnal HONO budget, and highlights the significance of HONO in the strong atmospheric oxidation capability during episodes with a heavily polluted atmosphere.</div><div>摘要</div><div>本文研究了重污染过程中气态亚硝酸 (HONO) 的关键来源并基于化学箱模型对其源汇过程进行了闭合分析. 结果显示, 现有的HONO 源汇机制并不能解释观测期间出现的高HONO事件, 尤其是重污染过程夜间存在大量的HONO \"未知源\". 本文提出了一套新的HONO 源汇参数化方案, 可以较好的模拟观测期间HONO日间和夜间来源, 并进一步评估了HONO 对羟基自由基 (OH) 的贡献, 发现 HONO 光解主导了重污染天OH生成 (78%–90%). 研究结果揭示了华北城市富氨大气环境促进 NO₂在气溶胶表面的摄取和非均相反应进而主导了夜间HONO生成, 凸显了HONO化学对于重污染过程维持大气氧化能力的重要作用.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47210,"journal":{"name":"Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters","volume":"17 6","pages":"Article 100491"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140401827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Coordinated control of PM2.5 and O3: Investigating the physical and chemical processes underlying regional complex air pollution","authors":"Aijun Ding ,&nbsp;Meigen Zhang ,&nbsp;Likun Xue","doi":"10.1016/j.aosl.2024.100562","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aosl.2024.100562","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47210,"journal":{"name":"Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters","volume":"17 6","pages":"Article 100562"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142656427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clarifying the relationship between PM2.5 and ozone complex pollution and synoptic patterns in a typical petrochemical city in the Bohai Rim region of China: Implications for air pollution forecasting and control","authors":"Yongxin Yan ,&nbsp;Cong An ,&nbsp;Junling Li ,&nbsp;Yuanyuan Ji ,&nbsp;Rui Gao ,&nbsp;Hong Wang ,&nbsp;Fanyi Shang ,&nbsp;Linlin Ma ,&nbsp;Xiaoshuai Gao ,&nbsp;Hong Li","doi":"10.1016/j.aosl.2024.100539","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aosl.2024.100539","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Meteorological conditions are vital to PM_2.5 and ozone (O₃) complex pollution. Herein, the T-mode principal component analysis method was employed to objectively classify the 925-hPa geopotential height field of Dongying from 2017 to 2022. Synoptic patterns associated with four pollution types—namely, PM_2.5-only pollution, O₃-only pollution, Co-occurring of PM_2.5 and O₃ pollution, Non-occurring of PM_2.5 and O₃ pollution—were characterized at different time scales. The results indicated that synoptic classes conducive to PM_2.5-only pollution were “high-pressure top front”, “offshore high-pressure rear”, and “high-pressure inside”, while those conducive to O₃-only pollution were “offshore high-pressure rear”, “subtropical high”, and “high and low systems”. The Co-occurring of PM_2.5 and O₃ pollution were influenced by high pressure, and the Non-occurring of PM_2.5 and O₃ pollution were linked to precipitation and strong northerly winds. The variation in dominant synoptic patterns is crucial in the frequency changes of the four pollution types, which was further validated through the analysis of typical cases. Under the favorable meteorological conditions of high-pressure control with strong northerly winds or a subtropical high and inverted trough both with strong precipitation, there is potential to achieve coordinated control of PM_2.5 and O₃ in Dongying. Additionally, measures like artificially manipulating local humidity could be adopted to alleviate pollution levels. This study reveals the importance of comprehending the meteorological factors contributing to the formation of PM_2.5 and O₃ complex pollution for the improvement of urban air quality in the Bohai Rim region of China when emissions are high and the concentration of air pollutants exhibits high meteorological sensitivity.</div><div>摘要</div><div>本文研究了中国环渤海地区典型石化城市东营市近年来PM_2.5与臭氧复合污染的天气形势特征. 结果表明, 有利于促发PM_2.5单独污染的环流形势与高压顶前部型, 海上高压后部型, 高压内部型有关; 有利于促发臭氧单独污染的天气型与海上高压后部, 副高和高低值系统有关; PM_2.5和臭氧双高污染的发生主要受高压系统的控制; 不利于PM_2.5和臭氧污染发生的环流类型则与降水和较强的偏北风有关. 优势天气型的变化是导致四种污染类型发生频率变化的重要因素. 研究结果揭示了当一次排放处于高位, 且空气污染物浓度变化具有高气象敏感性的情况下, 弄清PM_2.5和臭氧复合污染的气象成因对于中国环渤海地区城市空气质量持续改善的重要意义.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47210,"journal":{"name":"Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters","volume":"17 6","pages":"Article 100539"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142656366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vertical distributions of VOCs in the Tibetan Plateau background region","authors":"Xuanxuan Xue ,&nbsp;Fugeng Zha ,&nbsp;Yinghong Wang ,&nbsp;Yang Zhang ,&nbsp;Yu Wang ,&nbsp;Ying Shen ,&nbsp;Yanyu Kang ,&nbsp;Dan Yao ,&nbsp;Guiqian Tang ,&nbsp;Jianchun Bian ,&nbsp;Yuesi Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.aosl.2024.100516","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aosl.2024.100516","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Exploring the vertical variation in volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in background regions can provide information on the spatial distribution of pollutants, providing a scientific basis for atmospheric pollution prevention and control strategies. From 15 August to 5 September 2023, at the Southeast Tibet Mountain Comprehensive Environmental Observation Station (SETS), a tethered balloon was used to sample VOCs every 100 m from the ground to 1000 m. A total of 403 air bag samples were collected, and 39 vertical profiles of VOCs were obtained. Ninety-two VOC species were detected. The VOC concentration at the SETS did not change significantly vertically, and the average VOC concentration was 11.1 ± 2.4 ppbv. The main components were alkanes (51.4 %), alkenes (18.7 %), and halohydrocarbons (18.1 %). There was no obvious diurnal change in VOCs and no significant difference between the different layers. When the surface VOC concentration was less than 10 ppbv, the concentrations, components, and sources of VOCs were evenly distributed vertically, and the main sources of VOCs at different heights were vehicle exhaust and background. When the surface VOC concentration exceeded 10 ppbv, the VOC concentration gradually decreased with height. The proportion of alkanes in surface VOCs increased, and the source was mainly vehicle exhaust. This study confirmed that VOCs are vertically homogeneous in the background of the Tibetan Plateau, emphasizing the importance of vehicle emissions as a potential source of VOCs.</div><div>摘要</div><div>研究背景区域挥发性有机物 (VOCs) 的垂直变化规律, 可以提供污染物的空间分布信息, 为制定大气污染防治策略提供科学依据. 2023年夏季, 利用系留气艇对藏东南背景区域VOCs垂直分布规律进行研究, 共获取92种VOC的39条垂直廓线. 结果表明, VOC浓度垂直分布均一, 平均浓度为11.1 ± 2.4 ppbv; 主要成分为烷烃 (51.4 %), 烯烃 (18.7 %) 和卤代烃 (18.1 %). 地表VOC浓度小于10 ppbv时, 不同高度VOCs的主要来源为机动车尾气和背景贡献. 而地表VOC浓度超过10 ppbv时, 烷烃占比增加, 来源以机动车尾气为主. 该研究证实了青藏高原VOC在垂直方向上分布均一, 强调了机动车排放作为VOCs潜在来源的重要性.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47210,"journal":{"name":"Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters","volume":"17 6","pages":"Article 100516"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141028294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Variation in the permafrost active layer over the Tibetan Plateau during 1980–2020","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.aosl.2024.100536","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aosl.2024.100536","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The active layer, acting as an intermediary of water and heat exchange between permafrost and atmosphere, greatly influences biogeochemical cycles in permafrost areas and is notably sensitive to climate fluctuations. Utilizing the Chinese Meteorological Forcing Dataset to drive the Community Land Model, version 5.0, this study simulates the spatial and temporal characteristics of active layer thickness (ALT) on the Tibetan Plateau (TP) from 1980 to 2020. Results show that the ALT, primarily observed in the central and western parts of the TP where there are insufficient station observations, exhibits significant interdecadal changes after 2000. The average thickness on the TP decreases from 2.54 m during 1980–1999 to 2.28 m during 2000–2020. This change is mainly observed in the western permafrost region, displaying a sharp regional inconsistency compared to the eastern region. A persistent increasing trend of ALT is found in the eastern permafrost region, rather than an interdecadal change. The aforementioned changes in ALT are closely tied to the variations in the surrounding atmospheric environment, particularly air temperature. Additionally, the area of the active layer on the TP displays a profound interdecadal change around 2000, arising from the permafrost thawing and forming. It consistently decreases before 2000 but barely changes after 2000. The regional variation in the permafrost active layer over the TP revealed in this study indicates a complex response of the contemporary climate under global warming.</p><p>摘要</p><p>活动层是多年冻土和大气之间的缓冲层, 对气候波动十分敏感, 其冻融变化对多年冻土区的地球生物化学循环有较大影响. 本研究利用高分辨率气象数据集CMFD和陆面过程模式CLM5.0模拟分析了青藏高原1980–2020年活动层的变化. 结果表明: 青藏高原的活动层厚度在2000年后有显著的年代际变化, 青藏高原整体活动层厚度由1980–1999的2.54 m减少到2000–2020年的2.28 m. 这种变化主要发生在西部的多年冻土区, 与东部相比存在明显的区域差异. 在东部, 多年冻土区的活动层厚度呈持续增加趋势, 而不是年代际变化. 此外, 活动层面积在2000年也发生了年代际突变, 之前持续下降, 但之后几乎没有变化. 本文还发现青藏高原多年冻土活动层的区域变化受到气温和降水等环境因子的显著影响, 这反映了其在全球变暖背景下对气候变化的复杂响应.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47210,"journal":{"name":"Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters","volume":"17 5","pages":"Article 100536"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1674283424000850/pdfft?md5=5bdbe6b3d2873446dbdfcebd7b8938c7&pid=1-s2.0-S1674283424000850-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141392826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Future changes in precipitation and water availability over the Tibetan Plateau projected by CMIP6 models constrained by climate sensitivity","authors":"Hui Qiu ,&nbsp;Tianjun Zhou ,&nbsp;Liwei Zou ,&nbsp;Jie Jiang ,&nbsp;Xiaolong Chen ,&nbsp;Shuai Hu","doi":"10.1016/j.aosl.2024.100537","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aosl.2024.100537","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Precipitation projections over the Tibetan Plateau (TP) show diversity among existing studies, partly due to model uncertainty. How to develop a reliable projection remains inconclusive. Here, based on the IPCC AR6–assessed likely range of equilibrium climate sensitivity (ECS) and the climatological precipitation performance, the authors constrain the CMIP6 (phase 6 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project) model projection of summer precipitation and water availability over the TP. The best estimates of precipitation changes are 0.24, 0.25, and 0.45 mm d⁻¹ (5.9 %, 6.1 %, and 11.2 %) under the Shared Socioeconomic Pathway (SSP) scenarios of SSP1–2.6, SSP2–4.5, and SSP5–8.5 from 2050–2099 relative to 1965–2014, respectively. The corresponding constrained projections of water availability measured by precipitation minus evaporation (P–E) are 0.10, 0.09, and 0.22 mm d⁻¹ (5.7 %, 4.9 %, and 13.2 %), respectively. The increase of precipitation and P–E projected by the high-ECS models, whose ECS values are higher than the upper limit of the likely range, are about 1.7 times larger than those estimated by constrained projections. Spatially, there is a larger increase in precipitation and P–E over the eastern TP, while the western part shows a relatively weak difference in precipitation and a drier trend in P–E. The wetter TP projected by the high-ECS models resulted from both an approximately 1.2–1.4 times stronger hydrological sensitivity and additional warming of 0.6 °C–1.2 °C under all three scenarios during 2050–2099. This study emphasizes that selecting climate models with climate sensitivity within the likely range is crucial to reducing the uncertainty in the projection of TP precipitation and water availability changes.</p><p>摘要</p><p>青藏高原是气候变化敏感区, 可靠的气候预估对气候变化应对至关重要. 青藏高原夏季降水变化的预估结果在CMIP6气候模式间存在较大的不确定性, 原因部分地和这些模式对温室气体强迫的敏感度不同有关. 作者在对CMIP6模式性能进行评估基础上, 选择了具有较高气候态降水模拟技巧的模式用于预估研究, 并根据IPCC AR6估算的平衡态气候敏感度 (ECS) 的可能性范围, 对青藏高原夏季降水的中远期 (2050–2099) 变化进行约束. 结果表明, 在SSP1–2.6, SSP2–4.5 和 SSP5–8.5情景下, 青藏高原夏季降水将分别增多0.24, 0.25 和 0.45 mm d⁻¹ (5.9 %, 6.1 %, 和 11.2 %), 水资源可用性 (P–E) 将分别增加0.10, 0.09和0.22 mm d⁻¹(5.7 %, 4.9 % 和13.2 %) . 与约束预估相比, 高ECS模式预估的水文敏感度约为约束后的1.2–1.4倍, 升温幅度偏高0.6 °C–1.2 °C, 这二者共同导致高ECS模式预估的高原降水增幅约为约束预估的1.7倍. 本文指出气候敏感度是影响未来青藏高原水资源预估不确定性的重要来源, 同时基于IPCC AR6对ECS的最佳估算, 给出了高原夏季降水和水资源的最佳预估结果.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47210,"journal":{"name":"Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters","volume":"17 5","pages":"Article 100537"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1674283424000862/pdfft?md5=68c7bec658cb012bffbe4f08b8df1040&pid=1-s2.0-S1674283424000862-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142161546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A study on the simulation of carbon and water fluxes of Dangxiong alpine meadow and its response to climate change","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.aosl.2024.100507","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aosl.2024.100507","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The alpine meadow ecosystem accounts for 27 % of the total area of the Tibetan Plateau and is also one of the most important vegetation types. The Dangxiong alpine meadow ecosystem, located in the south-central part of the Tibetan Plateau, is a typical example. To understand the carbon and water fluxes, water use efficiency (WUE), and their responses to future climate change for the alpine meadow ecosystem in the Dangxiong area, two parameter estimation methods, the Model-independent Parameter Estimation (PEST) and the Dynamic Dimensions Search (DDS), were used to optimize the Biome-BGC model. Then, the gross primary productivity (GPP) and evapotranspiration (ET) were simulated. The results show that the DDS parameter calibration method has a better performance. The annual GPP and ET show an increasing trend, while the WUE shows a decreasing trend. Meanwhile, ET and GPP reach their peaks in July and August, respectively, and WUE shows a “dual-peak” pattern, reaching peaks in May and November. Furthermore, according to the simulation results for the next nearly 100 years, the ensemble average GPP and ET exhibit a significant increasing trend, and the growth rate under the SSP5–8.5 scenario is greater than that under the SSP2–4.5 scenario. WUE shows an increasing trend under the SSP2–4.5 scenario and a significant increasing trend under the SSP5–8.5 scenario. This study has important scientific significance for carbon and water cycle prediction and vegetation ecological protection on the Tibetan Plateau.</p><p>摘要</p><p>全球气候变化对青藏高原生态系统产生了深远影响, 暖湿化背景下青藏高原植被碳, 水通量变化趋势值得关注. 高寒草甸是青藏高原最主要的植被类型之一, 为理解青藏高原当雄地区高寒草甸生态系统碳, 水通量, 水分利用效率及其对未来气候变化的响应, 本研究利用PEST和DDS两种参数率定方法优化Biome-BGC模型, 进而模拟2000–2019年当雄站的总初级生产力 (GPP) 和蒸散量 (ET) . 研究结果表明: DDS参数率定方法具有更优的性能. GPP和ET在研究时段内呈上升趋势, 而水分利用效率 (WUE) 则呈下降趋势. 同时, ET和GPP分别在7月和8月达到峰值, 而WUE则呈“双峰”变化, 分别于5月和11月达到峰值. 此外, 未来近百年的模拟表明GPP和ET的集合平均结果呈显著增加趋势, 其中在SSP5–8.5情景下的增速大于SSP2–4.5情景. WUE在SSP2–4.5情景下呈增加趋势, 而在SSP5–8.5情景下呈显著增加趋势. 本研究结果可为青藏高原碳, 水循环预测研究和植被生态保护的应用研究提供参考和借鉴.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47210,"journal":{"name":"Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters","volume":"17 5","pages":"Article 100507"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1674283424000564/pdfft?md5=321f26220b000716c9b88ec2f566bdec&pid=1-s2.0-S1674283424000564-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140774115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Climate state of the Three Gorges Region in the Yangtze River basin in 2022–2023","authors":"Tong Cui,&nbsp;Xianyan Chen,&nbsp;Xukai Zou,&nbsp;Linhai Sun,&nbsp;Qiang Zhang,&nbsp;Hongling Zeng","doi":"10.1016/j.aosl.2024.100540","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aosl.2024.100540","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Based on daily observation data of the Three Gorges Region (TGR) of the Yangtze River basin and global reanalysis data, the climate characteristics, climate events, and meteorological disasters of the TGR in 2022 and 2023 were analyzed. For the TGR, the average annual temperature for 2022 and 2023 was 0.8 °C and 0.4 °C higher than normal, respectively, making them the two warmest years in the past decade. In 2022, the TGR experienced its warmest summer on record. The average air temperature was 2.4 °C higher than the average, and there were 24.8 days of above-average high temperature days during summer. Rainfall in the TGR varied significantly between 2022 and 2023. Annual rainfall was 18.4 % below normal and drier than normal in most parts of the region. In contrast, the precipitation in 2023 was considerably higher than the long-term average, and above normal for almost the entire year. The average wind speed exhibited minimal variation between the two years. However, the number of foggy days and relative humidity increased in 2023 compared to 2022. In 2022–2023, the TGR mainly experienced meteorological disasters such as extreme high temperatures, regional heavy rain and flooding, overcast rain, and inverted spring chill. Analysis indicates that the abnormal western Pacific subtropical high and the abnormal persistence of the eastward-shifted South Asian high were the two important drivers of the durative enhancement of record-breaking high temperature in the summer of 2022.</p><p>摘要</p><p>基于长江三峡地区观测资料和全球再分析资料, 分析了该地区 2022–2023年气候特征, 酸雨状况以及主要天气气候事件. 2022 年和2023年三峡地区平均气温分别较常年偏高0.8 °C和0.4 °C, 是近十年来最暖的两年, 特别是2022年夏季出现破记录极端高温; 2022年三峡地区降水量较常年偏少18.4 %, 2023年降水量转为偏多15.3 %. 在这两年中该地区主要出现了极端高温, 区域性暴雨洪涝, 连阴雨和倒春寒等气候事件. 分析表明, 西太平洋副热带高压和南亚高压协同异常是2022年夏季极端高温维持的两个重要因素.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47210,"journal":{"name":"Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters","volume":"17 5","pages":"Article 100540"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1674283424000898/pdfft?md5=a56c614fe781f3779330a724ec56d0ae&pid=1-s2.0-S1674283424000898-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141842819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"State of China's climate in 2023","authors":"Linhai Sun,&nbsp;Xiaying Zhu,&nbsp;Wei Li,&nbsp;Wanxiu Ai,&nbsp;Xianyan Chen,&nbsp;Yundi Jiang,&nbsp;Ling Wang,&nbsp;Xukai Zou,&nbsp;Shanshan Zhao,&nbsp;Hongling Zeng,&nbsp;Hailing Zhong","doi":"10.1016/j.aosl.2024.100519","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aosl.2024.100519","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>China witnessed a warm and dry climate in 2023. The annual surface air temperature reached a new high of 10.71°C, with the hottest autumn and the second hottest summer since 1961. Meanwhile, the annual precipitation was the second lowest since 2012, at 615.0 mm. Precipitation was less than normal from winter to summer, but more in autumn. Consistent with the annual condition, precipitation in the flood season from May to September was also the second lowest since 2012, which was 4.3% less than normal, with the anomalies in the central and eastern parts of China being higher in central areas and lower in the north and south. On the contrary, the West China Autumn Rain brought much more rainfall than normal, with an earlier start and later end. Although there was less annual precipitation in 2023, China suffered seriously from heavy precipitation events and floods. In particular, from the end of July to the beginning of August, a rare, extremely strong rainstorm caused by Typhoon Dussuri hit Beijing, Tianjin, and Hebei, causing an abrupt alteration from drought to flood conditions in North China. By contrast, Southwest China experienced continuous drought from the previous autumn to current spring. In early summer, North China and the Huanghuai region experienced the strongest high-temperature process since 1961. Nevertheless, there were more cold-air processes than normal impacting China, with the most severe of the year occurring in mid-January. Unexpectedly, in spring, there were more sand and dust occurrences in northern China.</p><p>摘要</p><p>2023年, 我国气候暖干特征明显, 全国平均气温10.71°C, 为1951年以来最暖; 全国平均降水量615.0 mm, 较常年偏少3.9%, 为2012年以来第二少. 汛期 (5–9月), 全国平均降水量为2012年以来第二少, 中东部降水总体呈“中间多南北少”的分布. 2023年, 我国区域性气象干旱多发, 西南地区遭遇冬春连旱; 春季北方沙尘天气过程偏多; 夏季前期, 华北和黄淮遭受1961年以来最强高温过程; 7月底至8月初, 受台风杜苏芮影响, 京津冀地区发生历史罕见极端强降雨过程, 华北地区出现“旱涝急转”; 华西秋雨开始早, 结束晚, 雨量多.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47210,"journal":{"name":"Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters","volume":"17 5","pages":"Article 100519"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1674283424000680/pdfft?md5=33e16e8e8906bc4a86f1fe93d95642b9&pid=1-s2.0-S1674283424000680-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142162281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}