Journal of Vocational Rehabilitation最新文献

{"title":"Identifying the knowledge, skills, and barriers for self-employment","authors":"Tim Riesen, Molly Sullivan, Aubrey Snyder, Beth Keeton","doi":"10.3233/jvr-230028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/jvr-230028","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: While self-employment is a viable and beneficial employment strategy for people with disabilities, there seems to be considerable variation in how state rehabilitation agencies support self-employment. Because of this variation, research is needed to identify the critical elements for facilitating self-employment. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study is to gather information from vocational rehabilitation counselors about what they believe are the knowledge and skills essential to facilitating self-employment and the barriers to business ownership throughout key phases of the vocational rehabilitation process, including (a) application and intake, (b) plan development and service delivery, and (c) employment and closure. METHODS: A Delphi method with three iterations was used to identify information from VRCs and managers about what they believe are the knowledge, skills, and barriers when facilitating self-employment and business ownership during the vocational rehabilitation process. RESULTS: Respondents rated 15 knowledge and skill items for the application and intake domain, 19 knowledge and skill items in the plan development and service delivery domain, and 12 knowledge and skill items in the employment and closure domain. Respondents also rated three barriers for application and intake, six plan development and service delivery barriers, and three barriers were rated in employment and closure. CONCLUSION: The VRCs identified a wide range of knowledge and skills and barriers across each area of the rehabilitation process. More research should be conducted to further operationalize the skills and proficiencies for self-employment.","PeriodicalId":47208,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vocational Rehabilitation","volume":"27 15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80185430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Supported employment and customized employment: How effective are these interventions and what has been their impact on the field?","authors":"P. Wehman","doi":"10.3233/jvr-230022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/jvr-230022","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47208,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vocational Rehabilitation","volume":"63 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83643040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Achieving competitive, customized employment through specialized services for Veterans with spinal cord injuries (ACCESS-Vets): A randomized clinical trial protocol","authors":"Lisa Ottomanelli, T. Smith, B. Cotner, Peter A. Toyinbo, Hari H Venkatachalam, S. McDonald, L. Goetz, Julie Cessna-Palas, S. Mendelson, Christina Dillahunt-Aspillaga, Areana Cruz, Liron S McCauley, Bradford S Pierce","doi":"10.3233/jvr-230016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/jvr-230016","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: To date, the Individual Placement and Support (IPS) model is the only vocational intervention that has been rigorously studied and shown to be effective with Veterans with spinal cord injury (SCI). Customized Employment (CE) is an innovative vocational intervention with promising results among people with disabilities which has yet to be tested in persons with SCI. OBJECTIVE: To determine whether a Customized Employment (CE) intervention adapted for SCI rehabilitation is more effective than the standard care (IPS) for helping Veterans with SCI obtain and maintain employment. METHODS: A 4-year, 2-site randomized clinical trial (RCT) with concurrent mixed methods using an intent-to-treat (ITT) approach. The primary outcome is competitive integrated employment as defined by the Work Innovation and Opportunity Act. Secondary outcomes are employment indicators, quality of life (QOL), and participation. RESULTS: This is a methods paper so there are no results to present at this time. CONCLUSION: The proportion of Veterans who attain employment will be greater for the CE group than the IPS group and they will outperform the IPS group on other employment-related metrics (e.g., higher job satisfaction, wages, and retention). Employed Veterans will demonstrate significant improvements in self-sufficiency, QOL, and participation. Qualitative data obtained from interviews will assist with adaptation strategies and will identify barriers to implementing CE.","PeriodicalId":47208,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vocational Rehabilitation","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85449071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preliminary data from effects of knowledge translation methods on VR counselors providing pre-ETS to youth with significant disabilities: A brief report","authors":"Stephanie Lau, S. McKelvey","doi":"10.3233/jvr-230012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/jvr-230012","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: Passage of the Workforce Innovation and Opportunity Act (WIOA) of 2014 placed an emphasis on increasing student education and preparation for employment for students as young as 14. When Virginia Commonwealth University (VCU) was awarded a grant from the National Institute on Disability, Independent Living, and Rehabilitation Research (NIDILRR) to establish a Rehabilitation and Research Training Center (RRTC) on employment for transition-age youth with disabilities, one of the studies focused on knowledge translation methods to develop and deliver a toolkit to assist VR counselors (and others) providing pre-employment transition services (Pre-ETS) to students 14 to 16 years of age with significant disabilities. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this practice brief is to share preliminary findings from Phase 1 and Phase 2 of VCU-RRTC on Employment of Transition-Age Youth with Disabilities’ study, Effects of Knowledge Translation Methods on Vocational Rehabilitation Counselors Providing Pre-ETS to Youth with Significant Disabilities 14–16 years of age. METHOD: To prepare this practice brief, program staff conducted a thematic analysis of interview findings from Phase 1 and reviewed program materials from Phase 2 to identify preliminary observations. Program materials included instructor case notes, student reports, student pre- and post-tests, interviews with families, vocational rehabilitation counselors, and school staff after instruction. RESULTS: From Phase 1, VR counselors, educators, and families desired early exposure to career exploration and felt that interest-driven experiences and education was generally lacking. From Phase 2, it was observed that lesson content needed to be relevant and engaging to younger students, who often had a very abstract understanding of work and limited self-awareness about career interests and personal interests and strengths. CONCLUSION: Preliminary findings from Phase 1 and Phase 2 of the study underscore the desire and need to increase collaboration between educators, vocational rehabilitation counselors, and families. Observations from Phase 2 demonstrate the value of Pre-ETS instruction to younger students with significant disabilities, and how increased collaboration can prepare students for employment through early career exploration, workplace readiness skills, and community based work experiences.","PeriodicalId":47208,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vocational Rehabilitation","volume":"2088 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91334514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of a community life engagement fidelity scale to assess and improve day services and supports","authors":"J. Sulewski, Oliver Lyons, Ngai Kwan","doi":"10.3233/jvr-230014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/jvr-230014","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: Despite an increase in supported employment, a large and growing number people with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) still participate in non-work day services. Quality day services that lead to community life engagement (CLE) play an important role in both leading to and complementing competitive integrated employment. OBJECTIVE: Building off guideposts developed in previous research, we aimed to develop and test a new instrument, the CLE Fidelity Scale, for service providers to assess whether their day services and supports are well-designed to support CLE. METHODS: The research involved four steps: item generation based on existing instruments, a self-advocate review panel and Delphi panel for content adequacy assessment, piloting the instrument with service providers, and internal consistency assessment and factor analysis of the pilot data. RESULTS: The end product of these four activities was an 18-item CLEFS that loaded onto three components. The CLEFS also displayed strong content validity (CVR over 0.5 for all items) and interrater reliability (average α=.837), CONCLUSION: The CLEFS can be a useful tool for service providers and state agencies seeking to assess and improve day services and supports.","PeriodicalId":47208,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vocational Rehabilitation","volume":"127 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89205883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inclusive apprenticeships: Advancing employment equity for jobseekers with disabilities","authors":"D. Mitchell, J. Cully, D. Hoff","doi":"10.3233/jvr-230013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/jvr-230013","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: Apprenticeships present an underutilized opportunity for people with disabilities to access in-demand jobs that provide stable employment at good wages, while meeting the needs of business for a skilled workforce. Numerous efforts are underway to increase the diversity of apprenticeships that are inclusive of people with disabilities. However, expanding the participation of people with disabilities in apprenticeship programs requires a long-term commitment to enhanced partnerships between public vocational rehabilitation (VR) and other disability programs, and state apprenticeship offices, as well as apprenticeship programs. OBJECTIVE: This paper explores the VR system’s role in partnership-building that includes mutual education and learning, and systematically addressing the full range of barriers that exist in order for people with disabilities to more readily access apprenticeship opportunities. This includes creating apprenticeship models that are flexible and can readily support and accommodate those with more significant disabilities. METHODS: To increase the number of individuals with disabilities in apprenticeship programs, VR agencies have expanded efforts regarding apprenticeship programs as a viable employment strategy. This includes advocating for and helping inform the changes needed to make apprenticeship programs fully inclusive, equitable, and accessible. RESULTS: While apprenticeships have tremendous potential for improving employment opportunities for people with disabilities, there are numerous challenges to accessing apprenticeships at individual, programmatic, and systemic levels. CONCLUSION: Building more inclusive apprenticeships for people with disabilities requires a long-term systematic approach that includes building strong partnerships between the disability and apprenticeship communities, mutual learning and education, testing out various models and approaches, and addressing the fundamental barriers that currently exist.","PeriodicalId":47208,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vocational Rehabilitation","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89392223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Supporting employment consultants leveraging data to deliver quality services and outcomes","authors":"Alberto Migliore, Britni Miles, Micah Fleisig, Jeff Gentry","doi":"10.3233/jvr-230015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/jvr-230015","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: Ensuring that job seekers with disabilities receive high-quality supported and customized employment services is key for increasing their chances of achieving their career aspirations. OBJECTIVE: To draw attention to the need for better support of employment consultants in the delivery of quality services. METHODS: Nine employment programs piloted ES-Coach, a tool designed to help employment consultants and managers visualize the implementation of supported and customized employment, reflect, set goals, and take action for continuous quality improvement. RESULTS: The nine employment programs invested an estimated 1:19 to 4:10 hours per day on getting to know job seekers, finding jobs, and any other support leading to hire combined. A large amount of their time was invested in administrative activities, ranging from 2:11 to 4:12 hour per day. ES-Coach helped the participants reflect on the quality of their employment support services and set goals for quality improvement. CONCLUSION: Supporting employment consultants with data-enabled feedback is key for improving the quality of supported and customized employment services, a key step toward improving job seekers’ employment outcomes.","PeriodicalId":47208,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vocational Rehabilitation","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87893894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impactful onboarding for supported employment professionals: A firm foundation for employment first supports","authors":"Vikki Ortiz","doi":"10.3233/jvr-230017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/jvr-230017","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: Commitments to Employment First fluctuate among service providers nationwide. The Supported Employment field is also experiencing a workforce retention crisis. A structured onboarding process is often non-existent or siloed within the literal and figurative walls of the provider agency. This article summarizes a presentation selected for the 2022 National APSE Conference entitled Impactful Onboarding for Supported Employment Professionals which explores onboarding concepts and strategies for newly hired Employment Support Professionals that align with Employment First principles. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of the presentation was to promote the purposeful design and implementation of an onboarding that engages new Employment Support Professionals around each service provider’s vision, values, and processes while equipping them with quality training and instruction that aligns with Employment First and the standards of practice across the Supported Employment field. CONCLUSION: Developing an Employment First focused onboarding for newly hired Employment Support Professionals is integral to the efficacy of direct services.","PeriodicalId":47208,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vocational Rehabilitation","volume":"06 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85974367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-state survey of wages and financial well-being of mental health peer specialists","authors":"L. Ostrow, J. Cook, M. Salzer, M. Pelot, J. Burke-Miller","doi":"10.3233/jvr-230021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/jvr-230021","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: Certified peer specialists (CPS) serve a critical role in the behavioral health workforce, but little is known about their job quality or financial well-being. OBJECTIVE: Using cross-sectional analysis of baseline data from a three-year study of recently certified individuals, we examine the quality of peer specialist (PS) jobs in terms of wage, hours worked, and tenure, and CPS financial well-being (FWB). We also examine whether PS jobs are higher quality and enhance CPS FWB compared to non-PS jobs worked by CPS. Research on job quality and FWB can be used to enhance the peer specialist workforce. METHODS: A sample of 448 employed adults with a recently completed CPS credential participated in an online survey about job characteristics and FWB. RESULTS: Compared to Bureau of Labor Statistics data on comparable non-peer Community/Social Service occupations, PS jobs are lower wage and have shorter job tenure. Compared to the general workforce, PS jobs are more often part-time. Compared to a national survey of all adults in the United States, CPS report lower FWB regardless of job type and are at risk of financial hardship. In multivariable analyses and compared to non-PS jobs, PS jobs were not associated with significantly higher wages, more full-time status, longer tenure, or greater FWB. Higher wage jobs among CPS were associated with higher education, being a Veteran, and residence in an urban/suburban region rather than small town or rural setting. Full-time work was associated with not receiving federal disability benefits. CPS FWB was associated with higher hourly wage, older age, Latinx ethnicity, Veteran status, and better physical health. CONCLUSION: CPS are at risk of financial hardship. Among recently certified CPS, working in PS jobs was not associated with higher wages or greater financial wellbeing compared to CPS working in other jobs.","PeriodicalId":47208,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vocational Rehabilitation","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88175581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of remote audio coaching during workplace conversations for college students with intellectual disability","authors":"Angelica Downey, Kelly B. Kearney, Kaley Adams, M. Brady, Lauren Berlingo, Stefanie Kenney","doi":"10.3233/jvr-230020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/jvr-230020","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: College students with intellectual disability (ID) face many challenges while maintaining employment. These challenges encompass both social and behavioral tribulations. Increasing social skills at work is a significant goal for practitioners and educators of adults with ID. Coaching strategies such as Covert Audio Coaching (CAC) and Remote Audio Coaching (RAC) have proven effective in teaching students with ID various employment related skills. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to determine if RAC would increase on-topic workplace communication skills for college students with ID. METHODS: This study used a multiple probe design to test the effects of RAC on teaching communication skills in the workplace. In this study, college students logged onto a Zoom call to speak with a co-worker about an employment topic while the interventionist used RAC to coach the student through the conversation. RESULTS: The results of this study demonstrated that the RAC intervention was effective in increasing on-topic exchanges between college students with ID and their co-workers. CONCLUSION: The COVID-19 pandemic has shifted the workplace to virtual settings for training and work tasks. RAC can be used as an employment support for adults with ID while minimizing in person contact. Limitations and implications of this study were further described at the end of the article.","PeriodicalId":47208,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vocational Rehabilitation","volume":"63 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81374682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}