AI & Society最新文献_第9页

AI language models cannot replace human research participants 人工智能语言模型不能取代人类研究参与者

IF 2.9

AI & Society Pub Date : 2023-07-21 DOI: 10.1007/s00146-023-01725-x

Jacqueline Harding, William D’Alessandro, N. G. Laskowski, Robert Long

引用次数: 0

AI-powered recommender systems and the preservation of personal autonomy 人工智能驱动的推荐系统与维护个人自主权

IF 2.9

AI & Society Pub Date : 2023-07-21 DOI: 10.1007/s00146-023-01720-2

Juan Ignacio del Valle, Francisco Lara

{"title":"AI-powered recommender systems and the preservation of personal autonomy","authors":"Juan Ignacio del Valle, Francisco Lara","doi":"10.1007/s00146-023-01720-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00146-023-01720-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Recommender Systems (RecSys) have been around since the early days of the Internet, helping users navigate the vast ocean of information and the increasingly available options that have been available for us ever since. The range of tasks for which one could use a RecSys is expanding as the technical capabilities grow, with the disruption of Machine Learning representing a tipping point in this domain, as in many others. However, the increase of the technical capabilities of AI-powered RecSys did not come with a thorough consideration of their ethical implications and, despite being a well-established technical domain, the potential impacts of RecSys on their users are still under-assessed. This paper aims at filling this gap in regards to one of the main impacts of RecSys: personal autonomy. We first describe how technology can affect human values and a suitable methodology to identify these effects and mitigate potential harms: Value Sensitive Design (VSD). We use VSD to carry out a conceptual investigation of personal autonomy in the context of a generic RecSys and draw on a nuanced account of procedural autonomy to focus on two components: competence and authenticity. We provide the results of our inquiry as a value hierarchy and apply it to the design of a speculative RecSys as an example.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47165,"journal":{"name":"AI & Society","volume":"39 5","pages":"2479 - 2491"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2023-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00146-023-01720-2.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121597991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Correction: Beyond bias and discrimination: redefining the AI ethics principle of fairness in healthcare machine-learning algorithms 更正：超越偏见和歧视：重新定义医疗机器学习算法中的人工智能公平伦理原则

IF 2.9

AI & Society Pub Date : 2023-07-20 DOI: 10.1007/s00146-023-01722-0

Benedetta Giovanola, Simona Tiribelli

引用次数: 0

Non-augmented reality: why we shouldn’t look through technology 非增强现实：为什么我们不应该透过技术看世界？

IF 2.9

AI & Society Pub Date : 2023-07-15 DOI: 10.1007/s00146-023-01717-x

Kyle van Oosterum

引用次数: 0

“Personhood and AI: Why large language models don’t understand us” "人格与人工智能：为什么大型语言模型不理解我们？

IF 2.9

AI & Society Pub Date : 2023-07-12 DOI: 10.1007/s00146-023-01724-y

Jacob Browning

引用次数: 0

Generative AI, generating precariousness for workers? 生成式人工智能会给工人带来不稳定吗？

IF 2.9

AI & Society Pub Date : 2023-07-12 DOI: 10.1007/s00146-023-01719-9

Aida Ponce Del Castillo

引用次数: 0

Identifying arbitrage opportunities in retail markets with artificial intelligence 用人工智能识别零售市场的套利机会

IF 2.9

AI & Society Pub Date : 2023-07-12 DOI: 10.1007/s00146-023-01718-w

Jitsama Tanlamai, Warut Khern-am-nuai, Yossiri Adulyasak

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引用次数: 0

Taking AI risks seriously: a new assessment model for the AI Act 认真对待人工智能风险：人工智能法的新评估模式

IF 2.9

AI & Society Pub Date : 2023-07-12 DOI: 10.1007/s00146-023-01723-z

Claudio Novelli, Federico Casolari, Antonino Rotolo, Mariarosaria Taddeo, Luciano Floridi

{"title":"Taking AI risks seriously: a new assessment model for the AI Act","authors":"Claudio Novelli, Federico Casolari, Antonino Rotolo, Mariarosaria Taddeo, Luciano Floridi","doi":"10.1007/s00146-023-01723-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00146-023-01723-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The EU Artificial Intelligence Act (AIA) defines four risk categories: unacceptable, high, limited, and minimal. However, as these categories statically depend on broad fields of application of AI, the risk magnitude may be wrongly estimated, and the AIA may not be enforced effectively. This problem is particularly challenging when it comes to regulating general-purpose AI (GPAI), which has versatile and often unpredictable applications. Recent amendments to the compromise text, though introducing context-specific assessments, remain insufficient. To address this, we propose applying the risk categories to specific AI scenarios, rather than solely to fields of application, using a risk assessment model that integrates the AIA with the risk approach arising from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) and related literature. This integrated model enables the estimation of AI risk magnitude by considering the interaction between (a) risk determinants, (b) individual drivers of determinants, and (c) multiple risk types. We illustrate this model using large language models (LLMs) as an example.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47165,"journal":{"name":"AI & Society","volume":"39 5","pages":"2493 - 2497"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2023-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00146-023-01723-z.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130835071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Theory languages in designing artificial intelligence 设计人工智能的理论语言

IF 2.9

AI & Society Pub Date : 2023-07-10 DOI: 10.1007/s00146-023-01716-y

Pertti Saariluoma, Antero Karvonen

{"title":"Theory languages in designing artificial intelligence","authors":"Pertti Saariluoma, Antero Karvonen","doi":"10.1007/s00146-023-01716-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00146-023-01716-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The foundations of AI design discourse are worth analyzing. Here, attention is paid to the nature of theory languages used in designing new AI technologies because the limits of these languages can clarify some fundamental questions in the development of AI. We discuss three types of theory language used in designing AI products: formal, computational, and natural. Formal languages, such as mathematics, logic, and programming languages, have fixed meanings and no actual-world semantics. They are context- and practically content-free. Computational languages use terms referring to the actual world, i.e., to entities, events, and thoughts. Thus, computational languages have actual-world references and semantics. They are thus no longer context- or content-free. However, computational languages always have fixed meanings and, for this reason, limited domains of reference. Finally, unlike formal and computational languages, natural languages are creative, dynamic, and productive. Consequently, they can refer to an unlimited number of objects and their attributes in an unlimited number of domains. The differences between the three theory languages enable us to reflect on the traditional problems of strong and weak AI.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47165,"journal":{"name":"AI & Society","volume":"39 5","pages":"2249 - 2258"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2023-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00146-023-01716-y.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114525708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Correction: Urban AI: understanding the emerging role of artificial intelligence in smart cities 更正：城市人工智能：了解人工智能在智慧城市中的新兴作用

IF 2.9

AI & Society Pub Date : 2023-07-04 DOI: 10.1007/s00146-023-01702-4

Aale Luusua, Johanna Ylipulli, Marcus Foth, Alessandro Aurigi

引用次数: 0