Population最新文献_第2页

Family potential as a component of the human potential of Russian regions 家庭潜力是俄罗斯各地区人类潜力的组成部分

IF 3.8 4区社会学

Population Pub Date : 2023-12-15 DOI: 10.19181/population.2023.26.4.9

Valentina Dobrokhleb, Olga Efanova

{"title":"Family potential as a component of the human potential of Russian regions","authors":"Valentina Dobrokhleb, Olga Efanova","doi":"10.19181/population.2023.26.4.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19181/population.2023.26.4.9","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the study is to present family potential as a structural component of human potential with the core of family potential consisting of marriages, primarily registered. In the period between the All–Russian censuses of 2002, 2010, 2020 there was a decrease in the number of married people in the country: the number of married people decreased in 2020 as compared to 2002 by 7839 thousand people (12.6%). The proportion of married men decreased by 11.8%, among women the decrease was 11.4%. The largest decrease occurred between the censuses of 2010 and 2020: – 9.9% for male cohorts and – 9.5% for female cohorts. Approaches to analysis of human potential usually do not include the indicators that form family potential, or reduce it only to reproductive function. At the same time, formation of families, their number and quality is of fundamental importance when considering human potential, as it reflects the state of social solidarity, which is formed also in families. The article analyzes the indicators of marriage and divorce in the regions of the Russian Federation, presents the factors affecting them, and gives the author’s definition of family potential. It is shown that the social policy in the Russian Federation is mainly related to measures to increase the birth rate, which, apart from the impact on the sphere of family and marriage relations, does not bring positive results. At the same time, the most important task is formation of social values aimed at increasing strong families based on the values of matrimony.","PeriodicalId":47095,"journal":{"name":"Population","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2023-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138996918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Dynamics of income of pensioners: analysis, problems and solutions 养老金领取者的收入动态：分析、问题和解决方案

IF 3.8 4区社会学

Population Pub Date : 2023-12-15 DOI: 10.19181/population.2023.26.4.12

A.L. Safonov, Y. Dolzhenkova

{"title":"Dynamics of income of pensioners: analysis, problems and solutions","authors":"A.L. Safonov, Y. Dolzhenkova","doi":"10.19181/population.2023.26.4.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19181/population.2023.26.4.12","url":null,"abstract":"Currently there is an increasing number of older people in Russia, primarily pensioners. It appears that the mentioned trend will proceed for a long period of time. So, the issue of ensuring high living standards for this group of the population is acute. However, the present trends in the work remuneration of persons in pre-retirement age, spread on informal employment, and hence, precarization of labor relations, as well as the challenges in pension and tax legislation result in a complex and contradictory situation in the formation of monetary income of pensioners.The present article is devoted to the analysis and forecasting of the basic trends in the financial situation of persons over the able-bodied age. The average size of the insurance old-age pension in the end of 2022 did not achieve the amount recommended by the ILO Convention 102, and the social pension was even lower. In addition, the later retirement often leads to poverty, as it is impossible for the aged to get pensions, on the one hand, and on the other hand, to get a job due to the existing age discrimination and their reduced physical ability to work.The article analyses the factors that have a direct on the size dynamics of insurance and social old-age pensions. At the same time, insurance pensions have the economic nature of deferred wages, i.e. they are formed directly by pensioners themselves. It also analyzes possible ways of compensation for pensioners’ low incomes through continuing work activity.","PeriodicalId":47095,"journal":{"name":"Population","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2023-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138998154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Indicators of the labor potential quality of the Russian regions population 俄罗斯地区人口劳动潜力质量指标

IF 3.8 4区社会学

Population Pub Date : 2023-12-15 DOI: 10.19181/population.2023.26.4.10

M. Toksanbaeva, Raisa Popova

{"title":"Indicators of the labor potential quality of the Russian regions population","authors":"M. Toksanbaeva, Raisa Popova","doi":"10.19181/population.2023.26.4.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19181/population.2023.26.4.10","url":null,"abstract":"The study of indicators of the labor potential quality of the population in Russian regions is part of a larger interregional research on the human potential quality. Labor potential is only one of the components of human potential, therefore, the purpose is to identify the most representative qualitative characteristics of labor potential. On this basis, the problems of constructing appropriate indicators can be solved. The intellectual component or intellectual potential is selected among the components of labor potential as the most representative. The characteristics and indicators of this potential are given a theoretical and methodological substantiation. The article argues that the main characteristic of the intellectual component of labor potential is qualification of employees reflecting complexity of their work, and the complementary characteristic is the level of professional education coordinated with qualification. Since the qualification structure of the employed population is heterogeneous, three ranked categories are proposed: skilled, highly skilled and superskilled workers. The basic information is taken from a number of information sources published by Rosstat. When calculating the indicators, the number of these categories of employees was correlated with the number of either the labor force or the employed population. For preliminary interregional analysis, five regions with the highest and lowest values of indicators were selected. Correctness of the indicators for skilled and highly skilled workers was checked using indicators of employment in the informal sector and unemployment. The indicator for superskilled workers was excluded from the verification due to insufficient information. Despite all limitations, the analysis made it possible to clarify the construction of indicator for the category of skilled workers and outline some approaches to further factorial research on the intellectual potential of the population.","PeriodicalId":47095,"journal":{"name":"Population","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2023-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138998915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Identifying gravity zones of higher school centers by digital traces of social media users 通过社交媒体用户的数字痕迹识别高等学校中心的重力区

IF 3.8 4区社会学

Population Pub Date : 2023-12-15 DOI: 10.19181/population.2023.26.4.7

Konstantin Chernyshev, Ekaterina Mitiagina, E. Petrov

{"title":"Identifying gravity zones of higher school centers by digital traces of social media users","authors":"Konstantin Chernyshev, Ekaterina Mitiagina, E. Petrov","doi":"10.19181/population.2023.26.4.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19181/population.2023.26.4.7","url":null,"abstract":"In the information society, social media data, along with official statistics and sociological surveys, are becoming an important source of information about population migration. The article analyzes the possibilities and experience of using «VKontakte» user profiles for studying internal educational migration. The main purpose of the study is to identify the leading higher school centers that attract interregional educational migrants. The principal research method used is analysis of digital traces of social network users. As a result, there have been identified the influence zones of 23 cities being the leading higher education centers in the Russian Federation. Among them are the cities that meet one of the following criteria: having a university with the «Federal» status or being included in the top 10 in Russia according to the QS World University Rankings 2022, population of the city— over 1 million people. The ratio of the number of the social network users is calculated for each zone: students in regions of the gravity center, students in all or only in «their» leading center of higher education. Territorial proximity has turned out not to be a determining factor when forming higher education areas in modern Russia. Formation of educational flows is influenced by a combination of factors: prestige of university, quality of education received, proposed areas of training, low cost of education, presence of a big city, socio-economic conditions, and others. It is concluded that the use of data from the «VKontakte» social network for the study of educational migration makes it possible to make a significant progress in studying these processes.","PeriodicalId":47095,"journal":{"name":"Population","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2023-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138999609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Determinants of financial well-being of the population of Tyumen oblast 秋明州居民经济状况的决定因素

IF 3.8 4区社会学

Population Pub Date : 2023-12-15 DOI: 10.19181/population.2023.26.4.13

V. Gamukin

{"title":"Determinants of financial well-being of the population of Tyumen oblast","authors":"V. Gamukin","doi":"10.19181/population.2023.26.4.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19181/population.2023.26.4.13","url":null,"abstract":"The high differentiation of living standards within the boundaries of a complex subject of the Russian Federation actualizes the problems of studying the determinants of financial well-being of the population. The article analyzes four groups of data for Tyumen oblast with autonomous districts that are part of it for the period of 2013–2021, including: average per capita cash income of the population; structural indicators of the balance of monetary income and expenses of the population; volume of deposits and other funds of individuals (excluding escrow accounts); amount of debt on loans provided to resident individuals. We used methods of matching, plotting scattering diagrams, identifying trends. As a result, a number of the following determinants of financial well-being were identified. Among the population of autonomous districts prevails the desire to accumulate savings in the form of cash (by 2021 the amount reached 393 billion rubles). Persistent shortage of cash savings in the South of Tyumen oblast (– 164 billion rubles) is covered by a surplus formed in the districts. In all three RF subjects there is a significant decrease in the ratio of the volume of deposits of the population and the volume of debt on loans, which corresponds to the all-Russian trend. The well-being of the population of the South Tyumen oblast should be considered with the account of the effect of indicative consumption due to the inevitable differentiation in the income of visitors and local population, as well as differences in behavioral models, which consist in a higher degree of wastefulness among visitors. Additionally, the possibility of using the obtained results in the framework of mathematical and neural network modeling of the process of dynamics in the well-being of the Tyumen blast population is considered.","PeriodicalId":47095,"journal":{"name":"Population","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2023-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138998421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

L’enquête Natalité de 1942 de la Fondation Carrel. Photographie biopolitique d’une France en plein tournant démographique 卡雷尔基金会 1942 年人口调查。法国人口转折时期的生物政治缩影

IF 3.8 4区社会学

Population Pub Date : 2023-11-20 DOI: 10.3917/popu.2302.0223

F. Cahen, Paul-André Rosental

{"title":"L’enquête Natalité de 1942 de la Fondation Carrel. Photographie biopolitique d’une France en plein tournant démographique","authors":"F. Cahen, Paul-André Rosental","doi":"10.3917/popu.2302.0223","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3917/popu.2302.0223","url":null,"abstract":"L’article étudie la genèse et réexploite les données de l’enquête Natalité de 1942, destinée à élucider les causes de la faible fécondité des Français et à y proposer des remèdes. Menée sous l’égide du sociologue Jean Stoetzel, pionnier de l’enquête par sondages, elle repose sur un questionnaire élaboré conjointement avec ses enquêteurs – principalement des instituteurs et des prêtres. Les questions reprennent les thématiques du mouvement nataliste dans toute leur diversité, des propositions répressives (contre l’avortement notamment) à l’évocation de mesures sociales en faveur des ménages. L’enquête conclut que le public français est favorable au natalisme mais considère que les causes de la faible fécondité sont principalement économiques, plutôt que morales ou religieuses. Les incitations financières sont jugées utiles mais insuffisantes. Si Stoetzel préconise une campagne de propagande fondée sur le dévouement à l’État et la réforme morale, la réexploitation des données montre que ce sont les conditions de vie concrètes liées à une forte fécondité qui préoccupent les sondés. Dans la gamme des attitudes morales qui s’expriment, les penchants répressifs sont essentiellement concentrés dans les campagnes. Dans l’ensemble, les sondés se montrent sensibles au sort des populations vulnérables, à commencer par les mères célibataires.","PeriodicalId":47095,"journal":{"name":"Population","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2023-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139258247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

James BELICH, 2022, The World the Plague Made: The Black Death and the Rise of Europe , Princeton University press, 640 pages 詹姆斯-贝利奇，2022 年，《瘟疫创造的世界》：黑死病与欧洲的崛起》，普林斯顿大学出版社，640 页

IF 3.8 4区社会学

Population Pub Date : 2023-11-20 DOI: 10.3917/popu.2302.0320

Magali Barbieri

引用次数: 0

Tester des représentations sociales sur la famille nombreuse et la natalité, évaluer une politique en leur faveur : une enquête en 1942 检验社会对多子女家庭和出生率的看法，评估有利于多子女家庭和出生率的政策：1942 年的一项调查

IF 3.8 4区社会学

Population Pub Date : 2023-11-20 DOI: 10.3917/popu.2302.0205

Virginie De Luca Barrusse

{"title":"Tester des représentations sociales sur la famille nombreuse et la natalité, évaluer une politique en leur faveur : une enquête en 1942","authors":"Virginie De Luca Barrusse","doi":"10.3917/popu.2302.0205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3917/popu.2302.0205","url":null,"abstract":"L’enquête « sur l’état de l’opinion publique au sujet de la dénatalité », menée en 1942 par la Fondation pour l’étude des problèmes humains, a un double objectif : tester des représentations sociales sur la famille nombreuse et la natalité, évaluer la réception de la politique familiale et les aménagements auxquels elle pourrait donner lieu. Son questionnaire alterne des interrogations sur des croyances collectives et sur l’appréciation de la politique familiale et ses aménagements possibles. Cette enquête s’inscrit dans le renforcement par le régime de Vichy de la politique nataliste mise en place dans l’entre-deux-guerres : l’un de ses objectifs est de réhabiliter la famille nombreuse. De multiples affirmations (69) relatives aux familles nombreuses et à la natalité ont d’abord été testées par une partie des enquêteurs ; ce sont celles analysées ici. En définitive, l’enquête interroge l’opinion à l’égard des grandes familles et tente de cerner les idées qui entravent leur désirabilité. À travers un autre ensemble de questions, elle tente de saisir ce qui est de l’ordre de l’acceptable en matière de politique nataliste.","PeriodicalId":47095,"journal":{"name":"Population","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2023-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139258448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Le temps passé sans vivre en couple : une analyse au fil des générations en France 不与伴侣共同生活的时间：法国跨代分析

IF 3.8 4区社会学

Population Pub Date : 2023-11-20 DOI: 10.3917/popu.2302.0271

Nicolas Rebière, Nicolas Cauchi-Duval, Lyem Britah, Zoé Deloeil, Inès Munoz-Bertrand, Axel Redonnet, Margaux Tocqueville

引用次数: 0

Les jeunes enfants omis du recensement français à la lumière des données appariées 从匹配数据看法国人口普查中遗漏的幼儿

IF 3.8 4区社会学

Population Pub Date : 2023-11-20 DOI: 10.3917/popu.2302.0247

J. Tomkinson

引用次数: 0