East European Politics and Societies最新文献_第8页

Inherent Attitudes or Misplaced Policies? Explaining COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy in Romania 固有态度还是错误政策？解释罗马尼亚对 COVID-19 疫苗的犹豫态度

IF 0.7 4区社会学

East European Politics and Societies Pub Date : 2024-02-19 DOI: 10.1177/08883254231198886

Tibor Toró, István Gergő Székely, Tamás Kiss, Réka Geambașu

{"title":"Inherent Attitudes or Misplaced Policies? Explaining COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy in Romania","authors":"Tibor Toró, István Gergő Székely, Tamás Kiss, Réka Geambașu","doi":"10.1177/08883254231198886","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/08883254231198886","url":null,"abstract":"hesitancy toward COVID-19 vaccines was not particularly high in Romania at the beginning of the vaccination campaign. Nevertheless, the country became one of the laggards in the European Union in terms of vaccination rates. We aim to provide an empirical explanation for this phenomenon based on a representative survey conducted in November–December 2021. We test the influence of various factors on vaccine hesitancy, such as personal experiences with the disease, trust in relevant institutions, general worldviews, and the contact with certain institutions, such as the Romanian Orthodox Church, and general practitioners. Furthermore, we find that three COVID-specific cognitive factors played a crucial role in this respect, namely the evaluation of anti-COVID state measures, belief in COVID-related conspiracy theories, and, especially, fears of negative effects of COVID-19 vaccines. The high explanatory power of these three factors also shows that low vaccination rates were not inevitable consequences of some “inherent” attitudinal characteristics widespread in the Romanian society; on the contrary, vaccine hesitancy has developed as an unfortunate side effect of weak crisis management, as the government and relevant state institutions failed to properly utilize key organizational resources, such as the national network of general practitioners, and proved to be unable to dissipate fears and countervail the spread of conspiracy theories, while emergency measures did not resonate enough among the Romanian public.","PeriodicalId":47086,"journal":{"name":"East European Politics and Societies","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139938971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Taming Transylvania: Paramilitaries Building State and Peace after World War I 驯服特兰西瓦尼亚:第一次世界大战后准军事组织建立国家与和平

4区社会学

East European Politics and Societies Pub Date : 2023-10-27 DOI: 10.1177/08883254231203336

Manuel Mireanu

{"title":"Taming Transylvania: Paramilitaries Building State and Peace after World War I","authors":"Manuel Mireanu","doi":"10.1177/08883254231203336","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/08883254231203336","url":null,"abstract":"This text is a political analysis of the events surrounding the demise of the Austro–Hungarian administration in Transylvania and its replacement by the Romanian one at the end of World War I. It focuses on the months of November and December 1918. In particular, the text looks at the Romanian paramilitary groups called the National Guards. I argue that in Transylvania in November and December 1918, the National Guards played a pacifying and state-building role, through their repressive and anti-communist function. Unlike the paramilitary phenomenon in the rest of Europe, in Transylvania it was the very counter-revolutionary function of the paramilitary troops that produced constructive and constitutive effects. At the same time, unlike the Romanian historiography, which almost unanimously has seen the role of these troops as only a positive one, I underline the repressive function of the National Guards, which made them act violently against any alternative political projects of that period in the region. The revolutionary state of the province in those days had to be calmed down for Transylvania’s autonomy to be ensured under the control of the local Romanian authorities. The Romanian elite’s state-building project needed security to gain legitimacy. To this end, this elite took control of the various paramilitary forces of the region and monopolized them under the National Guards umbrella. These groups were crucial in the repression against the republican movement and the perceived Bolshevik threat.","PeriodicalId":47086,"journal":{"name":"East European Politics and Societies","volume":"55 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136234404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Expression of Dissidence: NOW-a Publishing House as a Social Movement Campaign under an Authoritarian Regime 异见的表达:现在——一个出版社作为专制政权下的社会运动

4区社会学

East European Politics and Societies Pub Date : 2023-10-25 DOI: 10.1177/08883254231203333

Paweł Sowiński

引用次数: 0

Opening, Polling, Counting: Deterring Election-Day Fraud 开票、投票、计票:阻止选举日舞弊

4区社会学

East European Politics and Societies Pub Date : 2023-10-25 DOI: 10.1177/08883254231203337

Marta Regalia

引用次数: 0

In the Shadows of the Commonwealth: Catholicism, Religious Tolerance, and Nineteenth-Century Polish Independence 《在联邦的阴影下:天主教、宗教宽容与19世纪波兰独立

4区社会学

East European Politics and Societies Pub Date : 2023-10-20 DOI: 10.1177/08883254231203332

Jared N. Warren

{"title":"In the Shadows of the Commonwealth: Catholicism, Religious Tolerance, and Nineteenth-Century Polish Independence","authors":"Jared N. Warren","doi":"10.1177/08883254231203332","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/08883254231203332","url":null,"abstract":"Polish intellectuals in the first half of the nineteenth century defended Polish independence in the European public sphere through the conscious invention of a tradition of religious tolerance. Because defenses of Polish independence in this period were often designed for a European public, the multi-religious heritage of Poland-Lithuania’s past provided resources to shape Polish politics for a variety of audiences and their differing political and religious values. European and Polish publics saw the Russian empire as religiously intolerant, and therefore Poles crafted histories of Poland that offered an explicit counterpoint to this perception of Russia: a Polish tradition of religious co-existence. As long as these international geopolitical appeals remained a dominant part of their political imaginations, Polish intellectuals conceived of Poland in a multi-confessional manner. Polish intellectuals in the first half of the nineteenth century did not conflate Polish national identity with Roman Catholicism but framed their ideas against the multi-religious legacy of the Polish- Lithuanian Commonwealth. However, by tying the question of Polish independence so strongly to the religious sphere, the figures in this article laid the groundwork for future developments in Polish nationalism in later (and more confessionally rigid) periods.","PeriodicalId":47086,"journal":{"name":"East European Politics and Societies","volume":"10 12","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135567822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

From the Editors and From the Translator 来自编辑和译者

4区社会学

East European Politics and Societies Pub Date : 2023-10-20 DOI: 10.1177/08883254231209472

Wendy Bracewell, Krzysztof Jasiewicz, Andrzej Tymowski

引用次数: 0

Elite Universities as Populist Scapegoats: Evidence from Hungary and Turkey 精英大学是民粹主义的替罪羊:来自匈牙利和土耳其的证据

4区社会学

East European Politics and Societies Pub Date : 2023-10-20 DOI: 10.1177/08883254231203338

Ioannis N. Grigoriadis, Ece Işık Canpolat

{"title":"Elite Universities as Populist Scapegoats: Evidence from Hungary and Turkey","authors":"Ioannis N. Grigoriadis, Ece Işık Canpolat","doi":"10.1177/08883254231203338","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/08883254231203338","url":null,"abstract":"This article explores the reasons for the recent populist assault against elite academic institutions in Hungary and Turkey. After exploring the literature on populism, social mobility, and social pluralism, it then focuses on the modalities of the attack against two elite academic institutions, established upon the U.S. liberal arts college tradition, the Central European University (CEU) and Boğaziçi University, respectively, and its implications for Hungarian and Turkish politics. Two arguments are put forward: First, such attacks have emerged in the context of a populist narrative against institutions facilitating social mobility. Social mobility undermines the “us versus them” populist narrative where the masses are permanently placed on the “losers” side and therefore depend on the charismatic populist leader. With social mobility facilitated through high-quality academic institutions, these “losers” have the chance to improve their material and non-material well-being through education. Second, these institutions promote social pluralism and critical thinking, cultivating a mode of reflection that contradicts the simplistic populist dichotomies and opposes democratic backsliding.","PeriodicalId":47086,"journal":{"name":"East European Politics and Societies","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135567930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Nationalist versus Populist Constructions of “the People”: Eastern Europe and Latin America in Comparative Perspective 民族主义与民粹主义的“人民”建构:比较视角下的东欧与拉丁美洲

4区社会学

East European Politics and Societies Pub Date : 2023-10-18 DOI: 10.1177/08883254231194262

Blendi Kajsiu

{"title":"Nationalist versus Populist Constructions of “the People”: Eastern Europe and Latin America in Comparative Perspective","authors":"Blendi Kajsiu","doi":"10.1177/08883254231194262","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/08883254231194262","url":null,"abstract":"This article argues that while nationalist discourses construct “the people” through positive identity practices, populist discourses articulate it through negative identity practices. Nationalism emphasizes who “the people” are, by identifying a number of core positive characteristics that they share, such as ethnicity, language, culture, history, religion, or political rights and civic traditions. Populism, on the other hand, defines “the people” primarily in a negative fashion in opposition to the elites. Here, “the people” do not share any positive characteristics beyond their oppression, exclusion, and marginalization by the elites. In order to empirically demonstrate the above distinction, I compare the political discourse of Rafael Correa in Ecuador during his first term in office (2007–2012) with that of Victor Orbán in Hungary, primarily during his second term in office (2010–2014). The comparison between these two political projects not only spells out important differences between populist and nationalist articulations of “the people” but also highlights different types of anti-system politics that have emerged in Latin America and Eastern Europe.","PeriodicalId":47086,"journal":{"name":"East European Politics and Societies","volume":"65 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135882988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Religion and National Identity in Central and Eastern European Countries: Persisting and Evolving Links 中欧和东欧国家的宗教和民族认同:持续和演变的联系

4区社会学

East European Politics and Societies Pub Date : 2023-10-17 DOI: 10.1177/08883254231203331

Simona Guglielmi, Arianna Piacentini

{"title":"Religion and National Identity in Central and Eastern European Countries: Persisting and Evolving Links","authors":"Simona Guglielmi, Arianna Piacentini","doi":"10.1177/08883254231203331","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/08883254231203331","url":null,"abstract":"The article aims to offer a contribution to a better understanding of the mechanisms underpinning the intertwining of national and religious identity at the individual level in (some) European former communist and socialist countries. It starts by retracing from a historical perspective the place religion occupied during the regimes, then paying attention to how, once politicized and ethnicized by the hand of a new class of ethnopolitical entrepreneurs, religion has become “the hallmark of nationhood.” This excursus allows us to better contextualize both the theoretical argument and findings. The intertwining of national and religious identity is investigated from two main theoretical sources. The first is the debate within sociology and political science on the different ideas of nationhood, while the second consists of socio-psychological models of intergroup relations. The empirical investigation is based on survey data from the European values study (EVS, 2017). A comparative approach is used which includes four countries having Catholic large majorities (Poland, Slovenia, Croatia, and Hungary) and, as a benchmark, Romania having an Orthodox majority. To test the hypotheses, a structural equation model is specified. The causal model seeks to unravel to what extent different conceptions of nationhood (ethno-religious vs. civil), together with national attachment, influence the intergenerational transmission of religious values and distrust of people of another religion/nationality. The research results are in line with the current European trends pointing in the direction of a stronger overlap between the religious and the national in tailoring collective identities.","PeriodicalId":47086,"journal":{"name":"East European Politics and Societies","volume":"26 5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135994623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Perceptions of the European Union’s Policy Impact: Europeanisation of Public Attitudes in Hungary 欧盟政策影响的感知:匈牙利公众态度的欧洲化

4区社会学

East European Politics and Societies Pub Date : 2023-10-15 DOI: 10.1177/08883254231196317

András Bíró-Nagy, Áron József Szászi

{"title":"Perceptions of the European Union’s Policy Impact: Europeanisation of Public Attitudes in Hungary","authors":"András Bíró-Nagy, Áron József Szászi","doi":"10.1177/08883254231196317","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/08883254231196317","url":null,"abstract":"This article investigates the perceptions of the European Union’s policy impact by revealing the Hungarian public’s awareness of the European Union’s domestic policy influence and its attitudes towards Europeanisation. The study is based on descriptive and regression analyses of cross-sectional survey data. With respect to general knowledge about the European Union, as well as knowledge about the competences of the European Union and the member states, we found that slightly more than a third of the respondents can be classified as well-informed. We observed indications of “wishful thinking” about Europeanisation, as there was a significant correlation between the perceived and desired levels of policy integration. Respondents were more likely to support the EU integration of those policies that are in fact Europeanised to a larger extent. Pro-government supporters and voters of right-wing identity have a lower probability of supporting EU integration of policies. Although the classic “referendum question” suggests that the public support of Hungary’s EU membership is stable, our results demonstrate that there are major limitations to the willingness of Hungarian society to support further integration and a policy favouring national sovereignty has strong roots in society. The divisions in society we found with respect to the distribution of policy competences between the European Union and Hungary lead us to conclude that the debates about the future of the European Union will likely continue to polarise Hungarian public opinion in the future.","PeriodicalId":47086,"journal":{"name":"East European Politics and Societies","volume":"26 4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136184530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0