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Animals and diplomacy: on the prospect for interspecies diplomacy 动物与外交:论物种间外交的前景
IF 1.6 3区 社会学
International Relations Pub Date : 2023-08-10 DOI: 10.1177/00471178231191292
Tore Fougner
{"title":"Animals and diplomacy: on the prospect for interspecies diplomacy","authors":"Tore Fougner","doi":"10.1177/00471178231191292","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00471178231191292","url":null,"abstract":"If diplomacy is considered an alternative to war, can the ongoing human ‘war against animals’ be replaced with diplomacy between humans and other animals? While many scholars and practitioners of diplomacy can be expected to dismiss such an idea out of hand, this essay encourages us to think more seriously and thoroughly about what it might imply to engage diplomatically with nonhuman animals. Doing so requires a somewhat unconventional conception of diplomacy, and some scholars have already done much to rethink diplomacy in suitable ways (despite the persistent anthropocentrism). Combining such work with political science scholarship on human-animal relations, indigenous peoples’ relations with animals, various notions of animal ambassadorship and the study of animal behaviour in natural settings, the essay argues that interspecies diplomacy is possible and urges scholars to further explore this and how the possibility in question can be translated into reality.","PeriodicalId":47031,"journal":{"name":"International Relations","volume":"16 1","pages":"449 - 474"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86572837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Animalising International Relations 国际关系的动物化
IF 1.6 3区 社会学
International Relations Pub Date : 2023-08-09 DOI: 10.1177/00471178231192345
E. Cudworth, Stephen Hobden
{"title":"Animalising International Relations","authors":"E. Cudworth, Stephen Hobden","doi":"10.1177/00471178231192345","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00471178231192345","url":null,"abstract":"This article explores what it means to ‘animalise’ International Relations (IR). The posthuman move in the social sciences has involved the process of de-centring the human, replacing an anthropocentric focus with a view of the human as embedded within a complex network of inter-species relations. In a previous work we drew attention to the lack of analysis within International Relations of the key role played by more-than human animals in situations of conflict. The current COVID-19 pandemic again indicates that an analysis of international relations that does not have at its core an understanding of a more than human world is always going to be an incomplete account. The paper argues for the animalising of International Relations in order to enhance inclusivity, and suggests five ways in which this might be approached. As it becomes increasingly clear that a climate-related collapse is imminent, we argue for a transformative approach to the discipline, stressing interlinked networks and a shared vulnerability as a political project which challenges capitalism (advanced/late/carboniferous/genocidal) and the failure of states to address the concatenation of crises that life on the planet confronts.","PeriodicalId":47031,"journal":{"name":"International Relations","volume":"198 1","pages":"398 - 422"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82387338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Global Animal Advocacy Movement in International Relations: toward an animal-inclusive IR 国际关系中的全球动物保护运动:迈向动物包容性关系
IF 1.6 3区 社会学
International Relations Pub Date : 2023-08-08 DOI: 10.1177/00471178231191296
S. Tauber
{"title":"The Global Animal Advocacy Movement in International Relations: toward an animal-inclusive IR","authors":"S. Tauber","doi":"10.1177/00471178231191296","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00471178231191296","url":null,"abstract":"International Relations (IR) scholarship on Global Social Movements (GSMs) has helped usher in post-realist theories, such as constructivism and critical IR. Despite its innovativeness, extant GSM research is limited because it ignores the relevance of the Global Animal Advocacy Movement (GAAM), which seeks to end animal exploitation. The omission of GAAM is emblematic of IR’s anthropocentric disregard of the relevance of animals in global politics. An emergent literature recognizes the importance of animals in IR, and this paper contributes to the establishment of this animal-inclusive IR by examining the significance of GAAM. First, it demonstrates that GAAM fits the criteria of a GSM; therefore, it is worthy of study in IR. Additionally, this paper argues that IR should recognize that nonhuman animals also participate in GAAM. Both arguments not only demonstrate GAAM’s relevance, but they should also contribute to the development of an animal-inclusive IR. The paper closes by advocating for a methodologically diverse research agenda on GAAM.","PeriodicalId":47031,"journal":{"name":"International Relations","volume":"30 1","pages":"475 - 496"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84436004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Global injustice and animals: towards a multispecies social connection model 全球不公与动物:迈向多物种社会关系模式
IF 1.6 3区 社会学
International Relations Pub Date : 2023-08-08 DOI: 10.1177/00471178231191293
E. Meijer
{"title":"Global injustice and animals: towards a multispecies social connection model","authors":"E. Meijer","doi":"10.1177/00471178231191293","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00471178231191293","url":null,"abstract":"In this article I argue for and sketch the outlines of a multispecies social connection model, based on the work of Iris Marion Young. This multispecies social connection model responds to shortcomings in existing approaches to multispecies global justice in animal philosophy and IR. Because the model focuses on concrete structures of injustice, it allows for taking into account relations without categorizing other animals beforehand and for being attentive to nonhuman animal agency, and it recognizes the entanglement of political and economic forces in perpetuating injustice towards animals. The multispecies model also brings to light problems with anthropocentrism in theorizing structural injustice and responsibility. Analyzing multispecies structures of injustice shows how different forms of oppression are connected globally, which offers a better view of animal and human oppression than anthropocentric theorizing. This is important for determining the responsibilities of different kinds of social, political, and economic actors in working toward social change, and for knowing what to work toward. This model can either complement existing political models, or function as the starting point for new multispecies politics.","PeriodicalId":47031,"journal":{"name":"International Relations","volume":"5 1","pages":"497 - 513"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88890171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Animals and the ethics of war: a call for an inclusive just-war theory 动物与战争伦理:呼吁包容的正义战争理论
IF 1.6 3区 社会学
International Relations Pub Date : 2023-08-05 DOI: 10.1177/00471178231191297
Josh Milburn, Sara van Goozen
{"title":"Animals and the ethics of war: a call for an inclusive just-war theory","authors":"Josh Milburn, Sara van Goozen","doi":"10.1177/00471178231191297","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00471178231191297","url":null,"abstract":"Animals have been almost entirely absent from scholarly appraisals of the ethics of war. Just-war theory concerns when communities may permissibly resort to war; who may wage war; who they may harm in war; and what kinds of harm they may cause. Each question can be complicated by animals’ inclusion. After introducing just-war theory and the argument for an animal-inclusive just-war theory, this paper reviews ethical appraisals of war on animals’ behalf and wars against animals. It then turns to consider harm to and use of animals in war. It concludes by considering questions in the ethics of war beyond just-war theory as traditionally construed.","PeriodicalId":47031,"journal":{"name":"International Relations","volume":"86 1","pages":"423 - 448"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84146720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Animals in International Relations: a research agenda 国际关系中的动物:研究议程
IF 1.6 3区 社会学
International Relations Pub Date : 2023-07-30 DOI: 10.1177/00471178231191294
J. C. Pereira, J. Renner
{"title":"Animals in International Relations: a research agenda","authors":"J. C. Pereira, J. Renner","doi":"10.1177/00471178231191294","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00471178231191294","url":null,"abstract":"Animals are integral to world politics, yet largely neglected in International Relations (IR). This Special Issue (SI) aims to address this gap and offers a collection of original research articles that investigate issues pertaining to sovereignty, power, diplomacy, the ethics of war, justice and emancipation, environmental governance, activism and international law. The articles make animals visible within those realms, raise novel questions and develop approaches through which the specific role(s) of animals and human-animal relations in international politics may be theoretically understood and empirically explored. They open a conversation between IR and Critical Animal Studies (CAS). The SI contributes to a broader understanding of the complex and interconnected nature of human-animal relations, and therefore to the reorientation of IR towards a post-anthropocentric perspective of world politics that renders the field better equipped to understand and address our current Anthropocene predicament. To introduce the SI, this article starts by addressing the invisibility of animals in IR and why this is problematic. It then provides an overview of the articles included in the SI and concludes by outlining a research agenda for the study of animals in IR.","PeriodicalId":47031,"journal":{"name":"International Relations","volume":"17 1","pages":"389 - 397"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79179861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The reactionary internationale: the rise of the new right and the reconstruction of international society 反动的国际主义:新右派的兴起与国际社会的重建
IF 1.6 3区 社会学
International Relations Pub Date : 2023-07-24 DOI: 10.1177/00471178231186392
Nicholas Michelsen, Pablo de Orellana, Filippo Costa Buranelli
{"title":"The reactionary internationale: the rise of the new right and the reconstruction of international society","authors":"Nicholas Michelsen, Pablo de Orellana, Filippo Costa Buranelli","doi":"10.1177/00471178231186392","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00471178231186392","url":null,"abstract":"New Right actors are vocally seeking to change key international relations practices and institutions. We enquire how their philosophy of the international, which we call Reactionary Internationalism, is being socialised by a diverse group of international actors. Engaging with English School conceptualisations of international society and deploying discursive analysis of diplomatic positions, we examine the diplomacy of New Right actors and sympathisers on issues of rights and the limits of sovereign power. Through this empirical analysis it is demonstrated that opportunistic alliances between New Right politicians in democratic states, and authoritarian states such as China, are solidifying into an international compact that advocates radical normative change in international relations. This programme is centred on a new constitutive principle (birth-cultural sovereignty) and two new institutions (exclusive spheres of competence and transactionalism), that establish the terms of reference for a reactionary international society.","PeriodicalId":47031,"journal":{"name":"International Relations","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89270944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Safety Paradox: Unknown Knowns, Ungrieved Grief, and Collective Agreements not to Know 安全悖论:未知的已知，不悲伤的悲伤和不知道的集体协议
IF 1.6 3区 社会学
International Relations Pub Date : 2023-07-22 DOI: 10.1177/00471178231187499
K. Fierke, Nicola Mackay
{"title":"The Safety Paradox: Unknown Knowns, Ungrieved Grief, and Collective Agreements not to Know","authors":"K. Fierke, Nicola Mackay","doi":"10.1177/00471178231187499","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00471178231187499","url":null,"abstract":"The discussion between the developing and developed world in Egypt during COP27 brought the history of colonialism and its impact on climate change to the table, as did the earlier floods in Pakistan. The purpose of this paper is to explore the impact of unacknowledged grief, shame and guilt, accruing over centuries, on our ability to move forward to a more sustainable future. At stake is not only a question of ‘loss and damage’ for those who have suffered disproportionately in the past and present, but also the need to acknowledge how past practice has set the stage for inequality and climate change in the global future. In this article we develop concepts of unknown knowns and ungrieved grief, and explore the mechanisms by which populations collectively turn away from uncomfortable or shameful truths. The failure to look at the past has transgenerational consequences, as present distractions contribute to an inability to ‘see’ the consequences of past and present action for future generations. The final section explores the safety paradox that arises from the fragmented safety of turning to conflict and war, and a holistic safety that requires grieving for the global whole.","PeriodicalId":47031,"journal":{"name":"International Relations","volume":"58 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84702520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Hyping emerging military technology: probing the causes and consequences of excessive expectations 炒作新兴军事技术:探讨过度期望的原因和后果
IF 1.6 3区 社会学
International Relations Pub Date : 2023-07-17 DOI: 10.1177/00471178231186256
Ash Rossiter
{"title":"Hyping emerging military technology: probing the causes and consequences of excessive expectations","authors":"Ash Rossiter","doi":"10.1177/00471178231186256","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00471178231186256","url":null,"abstract":"International relations scholars and military historians episodically observe that emerging military technology can generate ‘hype’, that is, excessive expectations about the near-term impact of emerging technologies. Yet there has been little attempt to conceptualize hype, enquire as to why it occurs, or study its impact on military innovation. As decisions concerning new military technologies are highly significant for states’ military capabilities, lack of attention on hype is a non-trivial shortcoming. This article provides a framework for better understanding what hype is and examines how it effects the choices states – or more to the point, those acting on their behalf – make about which military technologies to pursue in a world where war is an ever-present possibility.","PeriodicalId":47031,"journal":{"name":"International Relations","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81915844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Neoclassical realism, policy paradigms and strategic change: understanding the US rapprochement to Cuba 新古典现实主义、政策范式与战略变革:理解美国与古巴的和解
IF 1.6 3区 社会学
International Relations Pub Date : 2023-07-17 DOI: 10.1177/00471178231185665
E. Mallett, Nicholas Kitchen
{"title":"Neoclassical realism, policy paradigms and strategic change: understanding the US rapprochement to Cuba","authors":"E. Mallett, Nicholas Kitchen","doi":"10.1177/00471178231185665","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00471178231185665","url":null,"abstract":"Why do particular foreign policy strategies persist even when they fail to achieve their objectives? And how do such policies eventually come to change? Incorporating policy paradigms as a unifying unit-level intervening variable within a Type II neoclassical realist framework, we account for extended periods of foreign policy continuity despite ongoing policy failure, and theorise the structural conditions necessary to override intervening paradigmatic imperatives. The article illustrates the argument through an analysis of the ‘Obama thaw’, after 50 years of hostile policy towards Havana. Drawing on interviews with key officials, we show that emerging structural pressures in the Western hemisphere brought about the administration’s decision to normalise relations with Cuba.","PeriodicalId":47031,"journal":{"name":"International Relations","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85898084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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