{"title":"A History of Cacao in West Mexico: Implications for Mesoamerica and U.S. Southwest Connections","authors":"Michael D. Mathiowetz","doi":"10.1007/s10814-018-9125-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10814-018-9125-7","url":null,"abstract":"Cacao economies in far western Mexico developed between AD 850/900 and 1350+ along with the adoption of a political–religious complex centered on the solar deity Xochipilli as the Aztatlán culture became integrated into expanding political, economic, and information networks of highland and southern Mesoamerica. The Xochipilli complex significantly transformed societies in the Aztatlán core zone of coastal Nayarit and Sinaloa and parts of Jalisco, Durango, Zacatecas, and Michoacán. West Mexican cacao was acquired in the U.S. Southwest by Chaco Canyon elites in New Mexico through macroregional prestige goods economies as Ancestral Pueblo societies became integrated into the Postclassic Mesoamerican world.","PeriodicalId":47005,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Archaeological Research","volume":"49 1","pages":"287-333"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2018-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138514948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Evaluating Social Complexity and Inequality in the Balkans Between 6500 and 4200 BC","authors":"Marko Porčić","doi":"10.1007/s10814-018-9126-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10814-018-9126-6","url":null,"abstract":"The subject of this paper is the social structure and sociocultural evolution of Balkan Neolithic and Eneolithic societies between 6500 and 4200 BC. I draw on archaeological evidence from three major regions of the Balkans related to demography, settlement, economy, warfare, and differences in status and wealth between individuals and groups to evaluate the degree and kind of social complexity and inequality. The trend in these data is of increase in social complexity and inequality over two millennia following the introduction of agriculture to the Balkans, as the simple and small hamlets of the late seventh and early sixth millennia transformed into large villages and tell sites of the late sixth and fifth millennia, in parallel with the development of copper metallurgy and regional exchange networks. There is no evidence of social stratification or the formation of complex systems of regional integration such as (proto)states or urban centers. The Balkan communities of this period were essentially village communities with social inequalities, when present, limited to differences in prestige and potentially rank.","PeriodicalId":47005,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Archaeological Research","volume":"18 1","pages":"335-390"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2018-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140886902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Rise of Pastoralism in the Ancient Near East","authors":"Benjamin S. Arbuckle, Emily L. Hammer","doi":"10.1007/s10814-018-9124-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10814-018-9124-8","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we present a history of pastoralism in the ancient Near East from the Neolithic through the Bronze Age. We describe the accretional development of pastoral technologies over eight millennia, including the productive breeding of domestic sheep, goats, and cattle in the early Neolithic and the subsequent domestication of animals used primarily for labor—donkeys, horses, and finally camels—as well as the first appearance of husbandry strategies such as penning, foddering, pasturing, young male culling, and dairy production. Despite frequent references in the literature to prehistoric pastoral nomads, pastoralism in Southwest Asia was strongly associated with sedentary communities that practiced intensive plant cultivation and was largely local in nature. There is very little evidence in prehistoric and early historic Southwest Asia to support the notion of a “dimorphic society” characterized by separate and specialized agriculturists and mobile pastoralists. Although mobile herders were present in the steppe regions of Syria by the early second millennium BC, mobile pastoralism was the exception rather than the rule at that time; its “identification” in the archaeological record frequently derives from the application of anachronistic ethnographic analogy. We conclude that pastoralism was a diverse, flexible, and dynamic adaptation in the ancient Near East and call for a reinvigorated and empirically based archaeology of pastoralism in Southwest Asia.","PeriodicalId":47005,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Archaeological Research","volume":"42 1","pages":"391-449"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2018-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140886813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Miljana Radivojević, B. W. Roberts, E. Pernicka, Z. Stos-Gale, M. Martinón-Torres, T. Rehren, P. Bray, Dirk Brandherm, Johan Ling, J. Mei, Helle Vandkilde, K. Kristiansen, S. Shennan, C. Broodbank
{"title":"The Provenance, Use, and Circulation of Metals in the European Bronze Age: The State of Debate","authors":"Miljana Radivojević, B. W. Roberts, E. Pernicka, Z. Stos-Gale, M. Martinón-Torres, T. Rehren, P. Bray, Dirk Brandherm, Johan Ling, J. Mei, Helle Vandkilde, K. Kristiansen, S. Shennan, C. Broodbank","doi":"10.1007/s10814-018-9123-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10814-018-9123-9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47005,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Archaeological Research","volume":"27 1","pages":"131 - 185"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2018-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s10814-018-9123-9","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48264613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"From Community to State: The Development of the Aksumite Polity (Northern Ethiopia and Eritrea), c. 400 BC–AD 800","authors":"R. Fattovich","doi":"10.1007/s10814-018-9122-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10814-018-9122-x","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47005,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Archaeological Research","volume":"27 1","pages":"249 - 285"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2018-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s10814-018-9122-x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"52323142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Early Platforms, Early Plazas: Exploring the Precursors to Mississippian Mound-and-Plaza Centers","authors":"Megan C. Kassabaum","doi":"10.1007/s10814-018-9121-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10814-018-9121-y","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47005,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Archaeological Research","volume":"27 1","pages":"187 - 247"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2018-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s10814-018-9121-y","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"52323099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Correction to: Urbanization in Iron Age Europe: Trajectories, Patterns, and Social Dynamics","authors":"Manuel Fernández-Götz","doi":"10.1007/s10814-018-9116-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10814-018-9116-8","url":null,"abstract":"The original version of this article unfortunately contained an error. The copyright for Fig. 12 was incorrectly published in the article. Due to the copyright disagreement, the author would like to replace the incorrect Fig. 12 and its caption, with a new Fig. 12. Also, the author would like to correct the caption with a relevant credit line. The corrected Fig. 12 and caption are given below. Figure 12 The oppidum of Monte Bernorio at the foothills of the Cantabrian Mountains (photo: M. Fernández-Götz).","PeriodicalId":47005,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Archaeological Research","volume":"2013 1","pages":"163-164"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2018-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140889791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Studying Figurines","authors":"Joyce Marcus","doi":"10.1007/s10814-018-9117-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10814-018-9117-7","url":null,"abstract":"Earlier generations of Mesoamerican scholars created figurine types and chronologies, laying the foundation for today’s archaeologists who have been linking figurines to household archaeology, gender studies, performance, materiality, embodiment, animism, political economy, agency, and identity. Scholars are establishing a figurine’s life history from clay procurement to manufacture, manipulation, and circulation; assessing the changes over time in the meaning and function of handmade and mold-made figurines; reembedding figurines into the dynamic, social, and animate world from which they emanated; and linking figurines to associated artifacts in the house, courtyards, caches, burials, and neighborhood middens.","PeriodicalId":47005,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Archaeological Research","volume":"2013 1","pages":"1-47"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2018-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140886811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"“Every Tradesman Must Also Be a Merchant”: Behavioral Ecology and Household-Level Production for Barter and Trade in Premodern Economies","authors":"Kathryn Demps, Bruce Winterhalder","doi":"10.1007/s10814-018-9118-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10814-018-9118-6","url":null,"abstract":"While archaeologists now have demonstrated that barter and trade of material commodities began in prehistory, theoretical efforts to explain these findings are just beginning. We adapt the central place foraging model from behavioral ecology and the missing-market model from development economics to investigate conditions favoring the origins of household-level production for barter and trade in premodern economies. Interhousehold exchange is constrained by production, travel and transportation, and transaction costs; however, we predict that barter and trade become more likely as the number and effect of the following factors grow in importance: (1) local environmental heterogeneity differentiates households by production advantages; (2) preexisting social mechanisms minimize transaction costs; (3) commodities have low demand elasticity; (4) family size, gender role differentiation, or seasonal restrictions on household production lessen opportunity costs to participate in exchange; (5) travel and transportation costs are low; and (6) exchange opportunities entail commodities that also can function as money. Population density is not a direct cause of exchange but is implicated inasmuch as most of the factors we identify as causal at the household level become more salient as population density increases. We review archaeological, ethnohistoric, and ethnographic evidence for premodern marketing, observing that the model assumptions, variables, and predictions generally receive preliminary support. Overall, we argue that case study and comparative investigation of the origins of marketing will benefit from explicit modeling within the framework of evolutionary anthropology.","PeriodicalId":47005,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Archaeological Research","volume":"116 1","pages":"49-90"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2018-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140886912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}