Journal of Family and Community Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Prevalence of long-lasting loss of smell and taste after coronavirus disease 2019 infection in Saudi Arabia","authors":"Nada M. Allhaiby, Sultan M. Allihybi, Amir H. Almhmadi, Mohammad M. Alkot","doi":"10.4103/jfcm.jfcm_58_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jfcm.jfcm_58_23","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: People with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) who experience symptoms for more than 35 weeks are said to have long COVID. Anosmia can occur on its own or in combination with other COVID-19 symptoms. Anosmia may be a significant differential presentation for the suspicion and diagnosis of COVID-19 in patients with asymptomatic-to-mild COVID-19 disease and may disappear in 3 weeks. This study sought to determine the prevalence of persistent loss of taste and smell following COVID-19 in Saudi Arabia. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A population-based cross-sectional study was conducted among Saudi citizens who had been diagnosed with COVID-19 for more than 2 weeks and had experienced a loss of taste and smell. Data was collected using a questionnaire having questions about demographics, long-lasting loss of taste and smell, whether this related to COVID-19 infection, and whether respondents had received the COVID-19 vaccine. SPSS was used for data analysis; statistical significance was determined using Chi-square test. RESULTS: A total of 383 Saudis who had a history of COVID-19 participated in the study. About 43.3% study participants had experienced persistent loss of taste and smell after COVID-19 infection. A significant association was found between loss of smell and the region, Northern region having highest proportion of study participants who had loss of smell and Western region having the lowest prevalence (34%). CONCLUSION: There were permanent changes in the sense of taste or smell in 34.3% of participants. This might add to the growing weight of long COVID.","PeriodicalId":46862,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family and Community Medicine","volume":"186 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136307005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between fitness tracker use, physical activity, and general health of adolescents in Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia","authors":"Layla A. AlSayegh, Maria S. Al-Mustafa, Ali H. Alali, Manal F. Farhan, Nouf A. AlShamlan, Reem S. AlOmar","doi":"10.4103/jfcm.jfcm_110_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jfcm.jfcm_110_23","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: Physical inactivity is a major problem of adolescents worldwide. Fitness trackers are widely used technologies that assess physical activity and allow self-monitoring of daily activities. Thirty-five percent of the Saudi population is made up of adolescents, which makes them an important target population. Few studies have evaluated the association of fitness trackers with physical activity levels of adolescents. This study aimed to evaluate physical activity among adolescents and its relationship to their use of fitness trackers and overall health. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study was carried out among adolescents in middle and high schools in the Eastern Province. Data was collected using a structured questionnaire and physical activity was assessed using International Physical Activity Questionnaire for Adolescents. Chi-square test and ANOVA were performed to test for statistical significance. Unadjusted and adjusted odds ratios (ORs) were obtained through ordered logistic regression models. Model diagnostics were run as post hoc analyses. RESULTS: Majority of participants (82.6%) had low physical activity levels, 12.2% had moderate and 5.2% had vigorous activity level. The model revealed that as participants’ ages increased, the odds of having higher levels of physical activity decreased (OR = 0.92; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.85–0.99). Moreover, participants who did not go to a gym regularly or own a fitness tracker were less likely to have higher physical activity levels (OR = 0.43; 95% CI:0.30–0.61, and OR = 0.44; 95% CI: 0.33–0.59, respectively). Motivation for using fitness trackers was mostly “no specific reason” for females. However, “luxury and esthetics” were mostly reported by males. CONCLUSION: Physical activity tends to be higher in younger adolescents who use fitness trackers, or go to the gym regularly, with no significant difference between males and females. However, the motivation behind adolescents’ use of fitness trackers varied by gender.","PeriodicalId":46862,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family and Community Medicine","volume":"84 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136367492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk factors associated with fatal thrombosis in hospitalized coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients on anticoagulant therapy","authors":"Sholpan Kaliyeva, Yekaterina Yukhnevich, Zhanna Myasnikova, Natalya Simokhina, Nailya Dyussembaeva, Yuliya Bikbatyrova, Yelena Drobchenko, Torgin Sagadatova, Polina Semenikhina","doi":"10.4103/jfcm.jfcm_60_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jfcm.jfcm_60_23","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to determine the factors that increase the risk of fatal thrombotic events in hospitalized coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients receiving standard therapy according to the National Clinical Practice Guidelines (National Guidelines). MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this case–control study, cases included 83 adults with COVID-19 who had died from thrombosis and controls comprised 83 COVID-19 patients with comparable criteria who survived. Data was abstracted by reviewing the medical records of selected patients and analyzed using Statistica. Parametric and non-parametric tests, as appropriate, were used to compare continuos variables between cases and controls, whereas Chi-square test was employed to compare categorical variables. Odds ratio (OR) was also calculated to measure the strength of association of case status and various independent variables. RESULTS: Fatal outcomes were higher in patients with chronic tubulointerstitial nephritis, (OR = 2.4, 95% CI 1.2–4.9); obesity, (OR = 2.1, 95% CI 0.5–8.6); and coronary heart disease (OR = 1.6, 95% CI 0.8–3.2). In the group with a D-dimer level from 250 to 1000 ng/ml, a statistically significant moderate positive correlation was found between the day of death and D-dimer level ( P = 0.026). The lack of use of the PADUA Prediction Score for the risk of venous thromboembolism scale (PADUA Scale) and control of laboratory parameters (APTT and D-dimer) were associated with increased risk of fatal outcome. Overall, 19.2% cases and 8.4% of controls had no coagulation control; (OR = 2.6, 95% CI 1–6.7). CONCLUSION: Chronic tubulointerstitial nephritis, obesity, and coronary heart disease were associatied with fatal thrombosis. A slight elevation of D-dimer level, lack of the PADUA Scale and laboratory monitoring in the management of hospitalized patients with COVID-19. was associated with an increased risk of thromboembolism.","PeriodicalId":46862,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family and Community Medicine","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136306791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trends, characteristics, and impact of global scientific production on mental health of health workers in the context of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).","authors":"Javier Puchuri-Lopez,&nbsp;Manuel Galvez-Sandoval,&nbsp;Maria E Guerrero,&nbsp;Arnaldo Munive-Degregori,&nbsp;Cesar Mauricio-Vilchez,&nbsp;John Barja-Ore,&nbsp;Frank Mayta-Tovalino","doi":"10.4103/jfcm.jfcm_228_22","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jfcm.jfcm_228_22","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Healthcare workers are under significant constant stress as a result of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. The aim of this study, therefore, was to analyze bibliometrically the impact, trend, and characteristics of scientific production related to the mental health of health professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A bibliometric analysis of the scientific production on the mental health of health professionals and COVID-19 in Scopus from December 2019 to December 2021 was performed. An advanced search was designed using Boolean operators in Scopus and applied in April 2022. The metadata was entered into Microsoft Excel for the elaboration of the tables, SciVal to obtain the bibliometric indicators, and VosViewer to plot collaborative networks.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 1393 manuscripts, 1007 of which met the eligibility criteria, were found on the mental health of health workers and COVID-19. The country with the highest academic production was the United States and Harvard University with 27 manuscripts as the most productive institution. The scientific journal with the highest scientific production was the <i>International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health</i> with 138 manuscripts and 1580 citations, and the author with the most citations per publication was Carnnasi Claudia with 69.8.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The countries with the highest economic income occupy the first places in scientific production on the mental health of health workers during the COVID-19 pandemic, with the United States as the leader. There is a gap in the scientific knowledge on the mental health of healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic in middle- and low-income countries.</p>","PeriodicalId":46862,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family and Community Medicine","volume":"30 1","pages":"12-17"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/b5/c1/JFCM-30-12.PMC9954429.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10792652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The degree of nicotine dependence among users of different tobacco and nicotine products in Madinah City, Saudi Arabia.","authors":"Rami M Almutairi,&nbsp;Sami A R Al-Dubai,&nbsp;Mai M Almutairi,&nbsp;Hani H Alharbi,&nbsp;Hatim M Alshlahi,&nbsp;Muayad S Albadrani","doi":"10.4103/jfcm.jfcm_181_22","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jfcm.jfcm_181_22","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Nicotine addiction has many consequences. The World Health Organization has classified nicotine dependence as a disorder of substance use. This study aimed to assess the dependence in users of different tobacco and/or nicotine-containing products (TNPs).</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This analytical, cross-sectional study involved 211 TNP users in Madinah, Saudi Arabia. The data was collected using a self-administered questionnaire that consisted of two main sections. The first section included sociodemographic domain, TNP status domain, and the Stages of Change model domain. The second section of the instrument included the ABOUT dependence construct comprising 12 items. Independent <i>t</i>-test, analysis of variance, and correlation analysis were used to assess the relationship between the study variables.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Most users of TNPs exclusively used tobacco cigarettes (53.1%). Total dependence score was significantly associated with gender, marital status, age group, monthly income, nicotine concentration in electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) liquid, and the number of cigarettes smoked per day (<i>P</i> < 0.05). Total dependence score was correlated with the duration of TNP usage (<i>r</i> = 0.24, <i>P</i> < 0.001), Switching attempts to another TNP (<i>r</i> = 0.16, <i>P</i> = 0.020), attempts of quitting TNPs (<i>r</i> = 0.25, <i>P</i> < 0.001), and willingness to quit (<i>r</i> = -0.37, <i>P</i> < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Dependence was associated with gender, marital status, age group, monthly income, nicotine concentration in e-cigarette liquid, and the number of cigarettes smoked per day. It was also associated with duration of TNP usage, Switching attempts to another TNP, attempts of quitting TNPs and the willingness to quit.</p>","PeriodicalId":46862,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family and Community Medicine","volume":"30 1","pages":"30-36"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/3d/9e/JFCM-30-30.PMC9954428.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10781259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relationship between the government implemented protective measures for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) during the pandemic and the understanding of religious evidence in Muslim community: A cross-sectional study from Saudi Arabia.","authors":"Alzubair A Wali","doi":"10.4103/jfcm.jfcm_125_22","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jfcm.jfcm_125_22","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which has swept across the Middle East has ignited religious tensions. Although the implementation of effective preventive measures is the best way to control the spread of COVID-19, in such countries as Saudi Arabia, these restrictions have sometimes been viewed as violations of religious practice. The present study explores the reasons for ignoring the authorities' recommendations, and the inability of the authorities to create a sense of inclusion in the protective measures they introduce against the COVID-19 outbreak.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A cross-sectional community-based study was conducted in Saudi Arabia and data were collected from 922 participants. The questionnaire contained 17 questions on personal characteristics, compliance with governmental protective measures, and participants' understanding of religious evidence. The SPSS was used for data analysis. Categorical data was presented as frequencies and percentages. Chi-square test was used to determine the association between people's compliance to the protective measures and their understanding of religious evidence.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The age of the study participants ranged between 17 to 68 years with a mean age of 43.9 (±12.69) years. About half of the participants reported always complying to Mosque precautions (49.9%) and keeping distance (53.7%). However, only 34.3% participants always maintained social distancing while visiting relatives; about 25.2% often kept a social distance. We found that an adequate understanding of religious principles was significantly associated with accepted overall commitment, and inadequate understanding was significantly associated with lack of commitment. An adequate understanding of religious principles was significantly associated with a positive attitude toward future commitment and inadequate understanding was significantly associated with a negative attitude.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We recommend that the Ministry of Health in Saudi Arabia solicits the support of religious scholars to give a proper explanation of the religious evidence and eliminate misconceptions to promote compliance with the protective measures.</p>","PeriodicalId":46862,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family and Community Medicine","volume":"30 1","pages":"23-29"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/7d/29/JFCM-30-23.PMC9954432.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10781260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Violence against healthcare workers in the emergency departments of Al-Madinah hospitals, Saudi Arabia","authors":"Khaled M. Al-Sayaghi","doi":"10.4103/jfcm.jfcm_136_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jfcm.jfcm_136_23","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: Workplace violence (WPV) directed against healthcare workers (HCWs) in healthcare facilities has always been neglected. These occupational hazards have been investigated in recent times and received greater attention from decision-makers. This study aimed to assess the WPV committed against HCWs in the emergency departments (EDs). MATERIALS AND METHODS: All the emergency department (ED) healthcare workers (HCW) in the hospitals of Al-Madinah Province, Saudi Arabia, were invited to participate in this cross-sectional study by completing an online questionnaire during May 15 to August 15, 2020. Information sought included characteristics of the participant and workplace, violence, the participants’ responses and emotions, the consequences of the WPV incident, and the level of satisfaction with the management of the WPV incident. Data was analyzed using SPSS; Chi-square test was used to assess the association between WPV and various participant and workplace characteristics. Binary logistic regression analysis performed to identify independent predictors of work place violence. RESULTS: A total of 250 HCW filled the questionnaire. One-third of the participants were victims of at least one violent event, mostly nonphysical. The perpetrators were primarily the patient’s companions, and a heavy workload/understaffing or an overcrowded environment was the main cause of the violence. The most frequent reaction was to call the hospital security. The emotions the participants experienced were disappointment, low self-esteem, and sadness. Most victims did not report the WPV incident because they believed that reporting was useless, insignificant, or they were fearful of adverse consequences. CONCLUSION: The rate of violence in EDs in Al-Madinah hospitals was lower than expected, and only 33.3% of HCWs had experienced a violent incident in the last year. However, there is a substantial margin for interventions to improve the situation and protect the HCWs in the EDs.","PeriodicalId":46862,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family and Community Medicine","volume":"121 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136306787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary habits, lifestyle changes, and glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus during coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): A cross-sectional study in Egypt.","authors":"Yasmin H H Hussein,&nbsp;Al-Zahraa M Soliman","doi":"10.4103/jfcm.jfcm_114_22","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jfcm.jfcm_114_22","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) lockdown had a significant effect on people's lifestyles and dietary habits resulting in a possible negative health impact, particularly for patients with type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The objective of the study was to assess the changes in dietary habits and lifestyle and how these relate to glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D), who attended Zagazig Diabetes Clinic, Sharkia Governorate, Egypt, during the COVID-19 pandemic.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A total of 402 patients with T2D were included in this cross-sectional study. A semistructured questionnaire was used to collect information on socioeconomic status, dietary habits, lifestyle changes, and previous medical history. Weight and height were also measured, and hemoglobin A1C levels before and after lockdown were compared. Data analysis was performed using the SPSS. To determine statistical significance, Chi-square test was used for categorical variables whereas, paired t-test or McN-Nemar test, as appropriate, was used to compare change in HbA1c before and after lockdown. Ordinal logistic regression was used to determine factors associated with weight change, whereas binary logistic regression was used to determine factors related with glycemic control.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>During the COVID-19 pandemic, 43.8% of the studied groups consumed more than their usual diet with an increase in fruits, vegetables, and immunity-boosting food; 57% depended on home-cooked food, 48.3% did not practice exercise. About 57% reported to have gained weight, 70.9% suffered from mental stress, and 66.7% reported inadequate sleep. Collectively, there was a statistically significant decrease in the percentage of good glycemic control in the studied groups (28.1% vs. 15.9%) before and after the COVID-19 lockdown, respectively (<i>P</i> < 0.001). Weight gain, physical inactivity, mental stress, and inadequate sleep were significantly associated with poor glycemic control.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>COVID-19 pandemic has had a negative impact on the lifestyle and dietary habits of the studied groups. Therefore, it is very important to ensure better diabetes management in this critical period.</p>","PeriodicalId":46862,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family and Community Medicine","volume":"30 1","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/1f/33/JFCM-30-1.PMC9954427.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10781257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of anemia in primary care patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus and chronic kidney disease in Oman.","authors":"Asma A Alsalmani,&nbsp;Nouf M Alalawi,&nbsp;Hana Alsumri,&nbsp;Maha K Aljabri,&nbsp;Ghassan Alharami,&nbsp;Ruqaiya Alweshahi,&nbsp;Aziza Alhabsi","doi":"10.4103/jfcm.jfcm_226_22","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jfcm.jfcm_226_22","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Previous research has highlighted potential associations between anemia, diabetes, and worsening kidney disease. The aim of this study, therefore, was to determine the prevalence of anemia in patients with both chronic kidney disease (CKD) and Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) at a primary care center in Oman.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted at the Primary Care Clinic of Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Muscat, Oman. All patients with established diagnoses of CKD and T2DM who attended appointments at the clinic in 2020 and 2021 were included. Data concerning the patients' sociodemographic characteristics, medical history, clinical findings, and laboratory results during past six months were retrieved from the hospital's information system. Patients were contacted via telephone for clarification in the event of any missing data. SPSS version 23 was used for Statistical analyses of the data. Frequencies and percentages were used to present categorical variables. Chi-squared tests were used to determine association between anemia and demographic and clinical variables.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 300 patients with T2DM and CKD were included in the study; 52% were male, 54.3% were 51-65 years of age, and majority (88%) were either overweight or obese. The majority of patients (62.7%) had Stage 1 CKD followed by Stage 2 (34.3%) and Stage 3 (3%). The total prevalence of anemia was 29.3%, with 31.4%, 24.3%, and 44.4% of Stage 1, Stage 2, and Stage 3 CKD patients being anemic, respectively. The frequency of anemia was significantly higher in female than male patients (41.7% vs. 17.9%; <i>P</i> < 0.001). No associations were observed between anemia status and other sociodemographic or clinical characteristics.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The prevalence of anemia in CKD and T2DM primary care patients in Oman was 29.3%, with gender as the only factor significantly associated with anemia status. Routine screening of anemia in diabetic nephropathy patients is highly recommended.</p>","PeriodicalId":46862,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family and Community Medicine","volume":"30 1","pages":"18-22"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/72/7b/JFCM-30-18.PMC9954431.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10788691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effectiveness of self-empowerment-based patient-centered care for obese students in primary services: A randomized controlled trial.","authors":"Dian K Dewi,&nbsp;Rini Sekartini,&nbsp;Diana Sunardi,&nbsp;Pradana Soewondo,&nbsp;Em Yunir,&nbsp;Indah S Widyahening,&nbsp;Sali R Asih,&nbsp;Anitawati Seman,&nbsp;Kitra Latuasan,&nbsp;Dhanasari Vidiawati","doi":"10.4103/jfcm.jfcm_237_22","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jfcm.jfcm_237_22","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Self-empowerment-based patient-centered services with a coaching approach are imperative in the management of students with obesity. This study evaluated the applicability and effectiveness of self-empowerment-based patient-centered coaching for the weight loss program model for obese students.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This randomized control trial recruited 60 obese students aged 17-22 years in Universitas Indonesia from August to December 2021. Intervention group subjects were coached by a health coach. Each health coach assisted four subjects with SMART model coaching in six meetings every 2 weeks through a zoom platform. Both groups had instructions on obesity, nutrition, and physical activity from specialist doctors online. Paired t-test or Mann-Whitney test, as appropriate, to compare the measurements of anthropometry, body composition (bioelectrical impedance analysis), food intake (food record form), physical activity (physical activity form), subjective well-being (subjective well-being questionnaire), and healthy behavior habits (satisfaction scale) between the two groups before and after the intervention.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 41 obese students completed the study, 23 from intervention group and 18 from the control group. The change in total body fat (-0.9 [-12.9, 0.70] vs. 0.0 [-6.9, 3.50], <i>P</i> = 0.02) and healthy behavior habit (13.5 ± 11.85 vs. 7.5 ± 8.08, <i>P =</i> 0.04) in the intervention group was significantly greater than in the control group. The change in satisfaction scale of hobby/passion (2 [-4.6] vs. 1 [-2.2], <i>P =</i> 0.02), movement exercise (2.3 ± 2.11 vs. 1.2 ± 1.93, <i>P =</i> 0.03), sleep rest (2 [-6.5] vs. 1 [-3.2], <i>P =</i> 0.01), and spiritual (1 [0.6] vs. 0 [-1.3], <i>P =</i> 0.00) was significantly higher in the coached group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A weight loss program for obese students was tested through self-empowerment-based patient-centered care with a coaching approach and has proven to effect changes in anthropometric indicators, body composition, self-empowerment, food intake, and physical activity.</p>","PeriodicalId":46862,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family and Community Medicine","volume":"30 1","pages":"51-58"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/e4/99/JFCM-30-51.PMC9954426.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10780819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}