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How "Neighborhood" Arose, Changed, and Grew: A Bilingual Canadian Story. “邻里”是如何产生、改变和成长的:一个加拿大双语故事
IF 0.5 4区 历史学
Journal of Urban History Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2023-05-10 DOI: 10.1177/00961442231170239
Richard Harris
{"title":"How \"Neighborhood\" Arose, Changed, and Grew: A Bilingual Canadian Story.","authors":"Richard Harris","doi":"10.1177/00961442231170239","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00961442231170239","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>\"Neighborhood\" is routinely used when referring to the history of residential areas in North American cities. In fact, it is unclear whether this has always been the preferred term, and how its meaning has changed. A survey of the English- and French-Canadian experience, including a case study of Toronto using digital newspaper files, indicates that in the early twentieth century other terms were common. \"Neighborhood\" referred primarily to poorer, immigrant districts. Especially since the 1960s, it has been much more commonly used and in a general sense. In that regard, its evolving meaning has converged with the francophone usage of <i>quartier</i>. It is only recently that local associations have dropped \"ratepayer\" from their names in favor of \"residents\" or, to a lesser extent, \"neighborhood.\" This now disguises the fact that such associations are dominated by property owners. Getting the language right is important for a clear-eyed understanding of both the past and the present.</p>","PeriodicalId":46838,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Urban History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11527591/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48878814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
From Endurance to Escape: The Tokyo Summer as Lived Experience in the Twentieth Century 从忍耐到逃离：作为二十世纪生活体验的东京之夏
IF 0.4 4区 历史学
Journal of Urban History Pub Date : 2024-06-14 DOI: 10.1177/00961442241260361
Tatsuya Mitsuda
{"title":"From Endurance to Escape: The Tokyo Summer as Lived Experience in the Twentieth Century","authors":"Tatsuya Mitsuda","doi":"10.1177/00961442241260361","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00961442241260361","url":null,"abstract":"This article investigates how heat and humidity—as lived experiences in the summer—were negotiated through an analysis of various sites of coolness and heat, focusing on the period between the American occupation and high economic growth in postwar Tokyo. As the population of Tokyo grew from eight to eleven million between 1955 and 1965 and major infrastructure projects changed the urban landscape, the study shows how coping mechanisms for dealing with the heat and humidity were characterized, on one hand, by heat avoidance strategies that manifested themselves in a search for coolness in nonurban environments, in the home, and in shades created by new urban assemblages. Yet the article also demonstrates that the dictates of employment bore witness to paradoxical heat-inducing practices embodied in the not-so-cool clothes men and women wore, revealing the extent to which social and sexual norms inhibited the realization of individual corporeal coolness. As mechanical cooling made inroads into urban life, a shift from a passive to an active strategy of combating the summer emerged, resulting in inhabitants increasingly choosing not to leave the capital but to stay in it. Despite resistance to artificial coolness at home, where heat avoidance strategies had been largely successful, the article finds that the air conditioner managed to establish itself first in the workplace, and then eventually in the home, as the needs of middle-class urban families living in more western-style apartment blocks made themselves felt.","PeriodicalId":46838,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Urban History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141344573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Seasonal Cycles of Social In- and Exclusion: Leisure Culture in Amsterdam and The Hague, 1815-1890 社会包容与排斥的季节性循环：1815-1890 年阿姆斯特丹和海牙的休闲文化
IF 0.4 4区 历史学
Journal of Urban History Pub Date : 2024-06-14 DOI: 10.1177/00961442241260325
J. H. Furnée
{"title":"Seasonal Cycles of Social In- and Exclusion: Leisure Culture in Amsterdam and The Hague, 1815-1890","authors":"J. H. Furnée","doi":"10.1177/00961442241260325","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00961442241260325","url":null,"abstract":"During the long nineteenth century, public and semi-public venues of urban recreation were spaces where people actively shaped local social order by reinforcing, challenging, and changing patterns of social in- and exclusion in terms of class, gender, ethnicity, and other axes of social difference. Over the last decades, historians have been able to demonstrate how these tactics and patterns of social in- and exclusion functioned by focusing on different types of urban recreation. This article argues that during the long nineteenth century, the cyclical rhythm of the seasons—and their regularly shifting contexts of space, environment, weather, temperature, light, and so on—played a crucial role in the ways in which people interacted in urban recreations. Urban society actually functioned differently and was, in important ways, defined by the rhythm of the seasons. The article focuses on indoor sites of winter recreation such as theaters, concert halls, cultural associations, and balls; on sites of summer recreation such as parks, zoos, and other open air recreations; and on the annual urban fairs in between in Amsterdam and The Hague.","PeriodicalId":46838,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Urban History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141342691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Flood and Drought: The Challenges of Seasonality in the Operation of Rome’s Sewers, 1870-1900 洪水与干旱：1870-1900 年罗马下水道运营中的季节性挑战
IF 0.4 4区 历史学
Journal of Urban History Pub Date : 2024-06-13 DOI: 10.1177/00961442241260343
Salvatore Valenti
{"title":"Flood and Drought: The Challenges of Seasonality in the Operation of Rome’s Sewers, 1870-1900","authors":"Salvatore Valenti","doi":"10.1177/00961442241260343","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00961442241260343","url":null,"abstract":"In nineteenth-century Rome, heavy rains were common, particularly during the autumn. The average depth of rain in Rome during the period 1862-1877 was greater than, for example, London. In Rome there were, however, huge seasonal fluctuations in this value. There was a considerable difference in rain content between the wettest and the driest month of the year, and sometimes extremely heavy rains concentrated in just a few hours. These variations between dry summers and wet autumns/winters presented challenges to the Hydraulic Service of Rome. Since 1870, the city has experienced rapid urban growth accompanied by a process of renewal and building of new vital infrastructure, such as combined sewers, which were intended both to drain the city and to remove the city’s sewage. It was, however, challenging to integrate these two different tasks into a fixed infrastructure in a city with vast seasonal variations in water flow. Rome’s sewers, at times, struggled to cope with the overabundance of water during autumn and winter days with consequent flooding of the lowest parts of the city as pure water was flushed throughout the network to remove waste and sewage during the summer. The paper concludes that the engineering model underlying the construction of Rome’s combined sewers was derived from the experience of cities with a different climate, such as Paris and London, but proved less effective in the context of a Mediterranean city.","PeriodicalId":46838,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Urban History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141348941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Reshaping Azbakeya in Central Cairo: A Treasure of Green Threatened by Harsh Gray Infrastructure 重塑开罗中部的阿兹巴基亚：被严酷的灰色基础设施威胁的绿色宝藏
IF 0.4 4区 历史学
Journal of Urban History Pub Date : 2024-06-12 DOI: 10.1177/00961442241260391
Carles Crosas Armengol, Aleix Saura Vallverdú
{"title":"Reshaping Azbakeya in Central Cairo: A Treasure of Green Threatened by Harsh Gray Infrastructure","authors":"Carles Crosas Armengol, Aleix Saura Vallverdú","doi":"10.1177/00961442241260391","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00961442241260391","url":null,"abstract":"This article explores the urban transformation of Azbakeya in the heart of Central Cairo. Currently identified as a gray transportation hub at the confluence of viaducts and tunnels, it has been a key catalyst for the city’s changes, encapsulating the historical impact of both blue and green infrastructure in the unique context of a desert city. Azbakeya serves as a compelling case study, showcasing relevant shifts in the city’s history: evolving from a formidable lagoon integral to the city’s canals and ponds to its desiccation, emerging to a green center that would be modeled after the finest Parisian parks, just before its decay due to the city’s motorization. Set to reclaim its role as a metropolitan cornerstone, the research informs the present and future of this special piece in Cairo, emphasizing the significance of central nodes in the future of more sustainable, inclusive, and verdant metropolises.","PeriodicalId":46838,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Urban History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141354253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Housing Development and Union Wages: Waitresses and Saleswomen Living in San Francisco’s Tenderloin, 1910-1941 住房发展与工会工资：生活在旧金山 Tenderloin 的女服务员和女售货员，1910-1941 年
IF 0.4 4区 历史学
Journal of Urban History Pub Date : 2024-06-12 DOI: 10.1177/00961442241248083
Linda L. Day
{"title":"Housing Development and Union Wages: Waitresses and Saleswomen Living in San Francisco’s Tenderloin, 1910-1941","authors":"Linda L. Day","doi":"10.1177/00961442241248083","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00961442241248083","url":null,"abstract":"Tenderloin housing built after the 1906 earthquake and fire is the focus of a qualitative study linking the achievement of union wages by waitresses and saleswomen to their ability to afford comfortable housing in the years between 1910 and 1941. Paul Groth’s research on downtown districts supplying workforce housing between 1880 and 1930 provides the foundation. Information from the Hotel Employees and Restaurant Employees International Union and the Department Store Employees Union Local 1100 archives at San Francisco State University’s Labor Archives and Research Center provided information about wages and work conditions. A 1941 Waitresses Local 48 roster of members’ names and addresses shows that after achieving union wages, women who lived independently of larger family households could afford well-built and comfortable mid-priced hotel rooms or efficiency apartments.","PeriodicalId":46838,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Urban History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141354969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Shanghai: Capitalists, Communists, and the Jewish Dynasties Who Helped Build the City 上海：资本家、共产党人和帮助建设这座城市的犹太王朝
IF 0.4 4区 历史学
Journal of Urban History Pub Date : 2024-06-12 DOI: 10.1177/00961442241258942
Gregory Bracken
{"title":"Shanghai: Capitalists, Communists, and the Jewish Dynasties Who Helped Build the City","authors":"Gregory Bracken","doi":"10.1177/00961442241258942","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00961442241258942","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46838,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Urban History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141353772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Potholes of Philadelphia: Seasonality, Infrastructure, and Environments Above and Below Ground 费城的坑洞：季节性、基础设施和地上地下环境
IF 0.4 4区 历史学
Journal of Urban History Pub Date : 2024-06-12 DOI: 10.1177/00961442241260371
Simone M. Müller
{"title":"Potholes of Philadelphia: Seasonality, Infrastructure, and Environments Above and Below Ground","authors":"Simone M. Müller","doi":"10.1177/00961442241260371","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00961442241260371","url":null,"abstract":"In cities with a continental climate, potholes are such an integral part of the transition from winter to spring that they have become their own season in the urban calendar: pothole season. In Philadelphia, “pothole season” became an annual regular feature with the expansion of the automobile age after World War II . Local newspapers used the phrase to mark the city’s transition from winter to spring and also to mock governments’ failure to mend roads or respond to dangerously sized craters on local streets and federal highways. For Philadelphians, the cyclical appearance of a thawing and freezing underground that made road surfaces break, eventually creating craters in roads that weredangerous to urban motorists and cyclists alike, became a way to understand how nature worked upon their city at a particular time of the year. Annually, pothole seasonality was a reminder that urban infrastructures failed when they ignored the dictates of nature that had environments above and below ground closely entangled. As a research perspective, finally, pothole seasonality helps to uncover slow but regular environmental changes and to extrapolate how urbanists and city governments cope, adapt, and transform in response to these reoccuring events.","PeriodicalId":46838,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Urban History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141351096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Why Study the Seasons? Reflections on the Question of Urban Temporalities 为什么要研究季节？对城市时空问题的思考
IF 0.4 4区 历史学
Journal of Urban History Pub Date : 2024-06-10 DOI: 10.1177/00961442241260373
Dorothee Brantz
{"title":"Why Study the Seasons? Reflections on the Question of Urban Temporalities","authors":"Dorothee Brantz","doi":"10.1177/00961442241260373","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00961442241260373","url":null,"abstract":"This article will conclude the collection of essays for this special issue on urban seasonality, but rather than offering a summary, it will point toward future directions in the study of urban seasonality. Why should we more closely consider the impact of seasonal variation in the study of urban history? How do the seasons help us understand the concept of temporality in the analysis of urban environments, sociocultural landscapes, as well as institutional and infrastructural layouts? This contribution will also suggest how the seasons might help us bridge local specificities, transnational, global, and planetary concerns.","PeriodicalId":46838,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Urban History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141365928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
How Policing Black Women’s Bodies Built the Modern City 对黑人女性身体的治安管理如何构建了现代城市
IF 0.4 4区 历史学
Journal of Urban History Pub Date : 2024-06-03 DOI: 10.1177/00961442241242498
Simon Balto
{"title":"How Policing Black Women’s Bodies Built the Modern City","authors":"Simon Balto","doi":"10.1177/00961442241242498","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00961442241242498","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46838,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Urban History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141272557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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