IEEE Transactions on Radiation and Plasma Medical Sciences最新文献_第10页

Radiomics and Machine Learning for Skeletal Muscle Injury Recovery Prediction 放射组学和机器学习用于骨骼肌损伤恢复预测

IF 4.4

IEEE Transactions on Radiation and Plasma Medical Sciences Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.1109/TRPMS.2023.3291848

Vasileios Eleftheriadis, José Raul Herance Camacho, Valentina Paneta, B. Paun, Carolina Aparicio, Vanesa Venegas, Mario Marotta, M. Masa, G. Loudos, P. Papadimitroulas

{"title":"Radiomics and Machine Learning for Skeletal Muscle Injury Recovery Prediction","authors":"Vasileios Eleftheriadis, José Raul Herance Camacho, Valentina Paneta, B. Paun, Carolina Aparicio, Vanesa Venegas, Mario Marotta, M. Masa, G. Loudos, P. Papadimitroulas","doi":"10.1109/TRPMS.2023.3291848","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TRPMS.2023.3291848","url":null,"abstract":"Radiomics as a novel quantitative approach to medical imaging is an emerging area in the field of radiology. Artificial intelligence offers promising tools for exploiting and analyzing radiomics. The objective of the present study is to propose a methodology for the design, development, and evaluation of machine learning (ML) models for the prediction of the recovery progress of skeletal muscle injury over time in rats using radiomics. Radiomics were extracted from contrast enhanced computed tomography (CT) data and ML algorithms were trained and compared for their predictive value based on different CT imaging parameters. Ten different ML regression algorithms were tested and the optimal combination of radiomics for each algorithm and CT imaging parameter settings combination was studied. The best ensemble learning model, trained on the 70 kVp, 100 mA imaging parameter dataset, achieved a mean absolute error score of 1.22. The results suggest that radiomics extracted from CT images can be used as input in ML regression algorithms to predict the volume of a skeletal muscle injury in rats. Moreover, the results show that CT imaging settings impact the predictive performance of the ML regression models, indicating that lower values of tube current and peak kilovoltage contribute to more accurate predictions.","PeriodicalId":46807,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Radiation and Plasma Medical Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87682228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

CdTe-DSD SPECT-I: An Ultrahigh-Resolution Multi-Isotope Tomographic Imager for Mice CdTe-DSD SPECT-I:用于小鼠的超高分辨率多同位素层析成像仪

IF 4.4

IEEE Transactions on Radiation and Plasma Medical Sciences Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.1109/TRPMS.2023.3291756

S. Takeda, T. Orita, Atsushi Yagishita, M. Katsuragawa, G. Yabu, R. Tomaru, Fumiki Moriyama, Hirotaka Sugawara, Shin Watanabe, H. Mizuma, Y. Kanayama, K. Ohnuki, Hirofumi Fujii, L. Furenlid, Tadayuki Takahashi

{"title":"CdTe-DSD SPECT-I: An Ultrahigh-Resolution Multi-Isotope Tomographic Imager for Mice","authors":"S. Takeda, T. Orita, Atsushi Yagishita, M. Katsuragawa, G. Yabu, R. Tomaru, Fumiki Moriyama, Hirotaka Sugawara, Shin Watanabe, H. Mizuma, Y. Kanayama, K. Ohnuki, Hirofumi Fujii, L. Furenlid, Tadayuki Takahashi","doi":"10.1109/TRPMS.2023.3291756","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TRPMS.2023.3291756","url":null,"abstract":"Multi-isotope imaging in vivo is an appealing molecular imaging approach that provides extensive information about molecular pathways that cannot be accessed in usual imaging methods with a single radioactive probe. However, conventional imaging systems have limited energy resolution; as a result, the images obtained from multi-isotope imaging are associated with problems, such as nonnegligible noise and spectral crosstalk, owing to the photons emitted from radioisotopes being simultaneously used in the experiments. This study proposes a novel small-animal SPECT system, called CdTe-DSD SPECT-I, based on the cadmium telluride double-sided strip detector (CdTe-DSD), which was originally developed to observe high-energy X-rays and gamma rays in space. The detector has an energy resolution of 1–2 keV (FWHM) in 10–100 keV and 1.6% (FWHM) at 140 keV, which is approximately three times better than those of currently available high-grade semiconductor SPECT systems. Through imaging with phantoms, we demonstrate that the proposed system achieves an ultrahigh spatial resolution of over 0.35 mm for several radioisotopes. Furthermore, we demonstrate via animal experiments that the high-energy resolution and the crosstalk-subtraction method work effectively to suppress image noise and spectral crosstalk. We believe that the proposed system will allow investigators to choose various combinations of radioisotopes in their multi-isotope studies without much concern regarding potential spectral contaminations. Simultaneous visualization of drugs and probes distributed in small volumes in a mouse is possible with it.","PeriodicalId":46807,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Radiation and Plasma Medical Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85499625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Time and Energy Characterization of Semi-Monolithic Detectors With Different Treatments and SiPMs Suitable for Clinical Imaging 适用于临床成像的不同处理和SiPMs半单片探测器的时间和能量表征

IF 4.4

IEEE Transactions on Radiation and Plasma Medical Sciences Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.1109/TRPMS.2023.3300747

J. Barrio, N. Cucarella, M. Freire, C. Valladares, J. Benlloch, Antonio J. Gonzalez

{"title":"Time and Energy Characterization of Semi-Monolithic Detectors With Different Treatments and SiPMs Suitable for Clinical Imaging","authors":"J. Barrio, N. Cucarella, M. Freire, C. Valladares, J. Benlloch, Antonio J. Gonzalez","doi":"10.1109/TRPMS.2023.3300747","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TRPMS.2023.3300747","url":null,"abstract":"The use of detectors based on semi-monolithic crystals can be of interest to clinical positron emission tomography scanners due to their time of flight (TOF) and depth of interaction (DOI) capabilities. In this work, timing and energy characterization of four different detector configurations based on arrays of eight lutetium yttrium oxyorthosilicate slabs of $25.4times 3.1times 20$ mm3 each coupled to silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs) have been carried out. On the one hand, two different surface treatments have been studied. In one configuration, all the slab surfaces were treated with enhanced specular reflector (named ESR). In the other configuration, a retroreflector layer was added to the entrance face and the pixelated external faces were painted black (named ESR+B+RR). On the other hand, two different SiPM array models belonging to the series S13 and S14 from Hamamatsu Photonics were also compared. In all cases, the readout was performed by the TOFPET2 application specific integrated circuit. The results show an energy resolution and a detector time resolution (DTR) as good as 12.5% and 193 ps, respectively, for the ESR treatment and the S13 photosensor. For the ESR+B+RR treatment and S13, the energy resolution and DTR are 14.6% and 238 ps, respectively. When using the S14, the energy resolutions and DTRs are, respectively, 11.6% and 219 ps for the ESR treatment, and 14.2% and 339 ps for the ESR+B+RR treatment.","PeriodicalId":46807,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Radiation and Plasma Medical Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83224648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Design and Characterization of the Detector Readout Electronics Used in PETcoil: an RF-Penetrable TOF-PET Insert for PET/MRI 用于PET线圈的检测器读出电子器件的设计和特性:用于PET/MRI的可穿透rf的TOF-PET插入

IF 4.4

IEEE Transactions on Radiation and Plasma Medical Sciences Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.1109/TRPMS.2023.3309771

Qian Dong, I. Sacco, Chen-Ming Chang, C. Levin

{"title":"Design and Characterization of the Detector Readout Electronics Used in PETcoil: an RF-Penetrable TOF-PET Insert for PET/MRI","authors":"Qian Dong, I. Sacco, Chen-Ming Chang, C. Levin","doi":"10.1109/TRPMS.2023.3309771","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TRPMS.2023.3309771","url":null,"abstract":"This article presents a comprehensive description of the front-end detector readout electronics designed for positron emission tomography (PET) coil, an RF-penetrable TOF-PET insert for PET/MRI. The highly integrated front-end design is based on a mixed ASIC + FPGA approach and incorporates carefully designed power, thermal, and MR compatibility solutions. Experimental results show that the front-end design achieves excellent coincidence time resolution of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation=\"LaTeX\">$mathrm {238.9 pm 0.3 ps }$ </tex-math></inline-formula> with real-time TDC bin width calibration and energy resolution of 10.9% ± 1.1%. The results also indicate good TOF position linearity and clear energy photopeaks. Additionally, the front-end design demonstrates the capability to handle high-count rate applications, with less than <inline-formula> <tex-math notation=\"LaTeX\">$mathrm {0.005 ! %}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> data loss or corruption observed when the count rate per SiPM channel increased from 3 to 20 kcps. The detector module temperature remained stable at <inline-formula> <tex-math notation=\"LaTeX\">$23.9{^{circ} }text{C} pm $ </tex-math></inline-formula> 1.3°C throughout the entire 1-h experiment. These results indicate that this front-end design is feasible for high-sensitivity TOF PET applications.","PeriodicalId":46807,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Radiation and Plasma Medical Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74725375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Preclinical Positron Emission Tomography (PET) and Electron-Paramagnetic-Resonance-Imaging (EPRI) Hybrid System: PET Detector Module. 临床前正电子发射断层扫描(PET)和电子顺磁共振成像(EPRI)混合系统:PET检测器模块

IF 4.6

IEEE Transactions on Radiation and Plasma Medical Sciences Pub Date : 2023-11-01 Epub Date: 2023-08-03 DOI: 10.1109/trpms.2023.3301788

Heejong Kim, Yuexuan Hua, Boris Epel, Subramanian Sundramoorthy, Howard Halpern, Chin-Tu Chen, Chien-Min Kao

{"title":"A Preclinical Positron Emission Tomography (PET) and Electron-Paramagnetic-Resonance-Imaging (EPRI) Hybrid System: PET Detector Module.","authors":"Heejong Kim, Yuexuan Hua, Boris Epel, Subramanian Sundramoorthy, Howard Halpern, Chin-Tu Chen, Chien-Min Kao","doi":"10.1109/trpms.2023.3301788","DOIUrl":"10.1109/trpms.2023.3301788","url":null,"abstract":"We report the design and experimental validation of a compact positron emission tomography (PET) detector module (DM) intended for building a preclinical PET and electron-paramagnetic-resonance-imaging hybrid system that supports sub-millimeter image resolution and high-sensitivity, whole-body animal imaging. The DM is eight detector units (DU) in a row. Each DU contains 12×12 lutetium-yttrium oxyorthosilicate (LYSO) crystals having a 1.05 mm pitch read by 4×4 silicon photomultipliers (SiPM) having a 3.2 mm pitch. A small-footprint, highly-multiplexing readout employing only passive electronics is devised to produce six outputs for the DM, including two outputs derived from SiPM cathodes for determining event time and active DU and four outputs derived from SiPM anodes for determining energy and active crystal. Presently, we have developed two DMs that are 1.28×10.24 cm2 in extent and approximately 1.8 cm in thickness, with their outputs sampled at 0.7 GS/s and analyzed offline. For both DMs, our results show successfully discriminated DUs and crystals. With no correction for SiPM nonlinearity, the average energy resolution for crystals in a DU ranges from 14% to 16%. While not needed for preclinical imaging, the DM may support 300-400 ps time-of-flight resolution.","PeriodicalId":46807,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Radiation and Plasma Medical Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10655702/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86270197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

^99mTc/¹²³I Dual-Radionuclide Correction for Self-Scatter, Down-Scatter, and Tailing Effect for a CZT SPECT with Varying Tracer Distributions. 99mTc/123I 双放射性核素对具有不同示踪剂分布的 CZT SPECT 的自散射、向下散射和尾随效应的校正。

IF 4.6

IEEE Transactions on Radiation and Plasma Medical Sciences Pub Date : 2023-11-01 Epub Date: 2023-07-27 DOI: 10.1109/trpms.2023.3297443

Alexandre F Velo, Peng Fan, Huidong Xie, Xiongchao Chen, Nabil Boutagy, Attila Feher, Albert J Sinusas, Michael Ljungberg, Chi Liu

{"title":"99mTc/123I Dual-Radionuclide Correction for Self-Scatter, Down-Scatter, and Tailing Effect for a CZT SPECT with Varying Tracer Distributions.","authors":"Alexandre F Velo, Peng Fan, Huidong Xie, Xiongchao Chen, Nabil Boutagy, Attila Feher, Albert J Sinusas, Michael Ljungberg, Chi Liu","doi":"10.1109/trpms.2023.3297443","DOIUrl":"10.1109/trpms.2023.3297443","url":null,"abstract":"SPECT systems distinguish radionuclides by using multiple energy windows. For CZT detectors, the energy spectrum has a low energy tail leading to additional crosstalk between the radionuclides. Previous work developed models to correct the scatter and crosstalk for CZT-based dedicated cardiac systems with similar 99mTc/123I tracer distributions. These models estimate the primary and scatter components by solving a set of equations employing the MLEM approach. A penalty term is applied to ensure convergence. The present work estimates the penalty term for any 99mTc/123I activity level. An iterative approach incorporating Monte Carlo into the iterative image reconstruction loops was developed to estimate the penalty terms. We used SIMIND and XCAT phantoms in this study. Distribution of tracers in the myocardial tissue and blood pool were varied to simulate a dynamic acquisition. Evaluations of the estimated and the real penalty terms were performed using simulations and large animal data. The myocardium to blood pool ratio was calculated using ROIs in the myocardial tissue and the blood pool for quantitative analysis. All corrected images yielded a good agreement with the gold standard images. In conclusion, we developed a CZT crosstalk correction method for quantitative imaging of 99mTc/123I activity levels by dynamically estimating the penalty terms.","PeriodicalId":46807,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Radiation and Plasma Medical Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11090119/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78505336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Development of a Deformable Anthropomorphic Liver Phantom for Multimodal Imaging With Ultrasound and CT 用于超声和CT多模态成像的可变形拟人化肝影的研制

IF 4.4

IEEE Transactions on Radiation and Plasma Medical Sciences Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.1109/TRPMS.2023.3303534

M. E. Konovalov, D. D. Klimov, Y. Poduraev

{"title":"Development of a Deformable Anthropomorphic Liver Phantom for Multimodal Imaging With Ultrasound and CT","authors":"M. E. Konovalov, D. D. Klimov, Y. Poduraev","doi":"10.1109/TRPMS.2023.3303534","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TRPMS.2023.3303534","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to create a deformable anthropomorphic multimodal liver phantom, including vascular structures and multiple tissue lesions, allowing medical research by ultrasound and CT. For preliminary tests, several samples were made to mimic liver parenchyma and tumors. In addition to medical imaging tests, the tissue specimens were tested on an insertion force recording bench. The silicone phantom is similar to the human liver in its mechanical properties and the results of medical imaging by ultrasound and CT scanning due to the fillers used in the composition. Both neoplasms integrated into the phantom and the vascular structure with previously injected contrast were visualized during the study using ultrasound and CT scans. The phantom images were similar to those of actual patients. Studies have established the power of needle insertion into materials imitating healthy and affected liver tissues. A multimodal anthropomorphic human liver phantom with integrated tumors and an internal vascular structure was produced by pouring a silicone mixture with fillers into the mold. Such an approach makes it possible to change the structure, geometric dimensions, or location of the affected tissues in the simulated phantom in a short period of time.","PeriodicalId":46807,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Radiation and Plasma Medical Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82641047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Antibiofilm Efficacies of Direct and Remote Plasmas and Plasma-Treated Water on Extremophile Halomonas Caseinilytica 直接等离子体、远程等离子体和等离子体处理过的水对嗜极卤单胞菌的抗生物膜功效

IF 4.4

IEEE Transactions on Radiation and Plasma Medical Sciences Pub Date : 2023-10-23 DOI: 10.1109/TRPMS.2023.3326408

Tamer Akan;Ahmet Çabuk;Pınar Aytar Çelik;E. Serhat Yavaş;Çağrı Durmuş

{"title":"Antibiofilm Efficacies of Direct and Remote Plasmas and Plasma-Treated Water on Extremophile Halomonas Caseinilytica","authors":"Tamer Akan;Ahmet Çabuk;Pınar Aytar Çelik;E. Serhat Yavaş;Çağrı Durmuş","doi":"10.1109/TRPMS.2023.3326408","DOIUrl":"10.1109/TRPMS.2023.3326408","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, three plasma treatments on biofilm forms of Halomonas caseinilytica (an extremophile organism) i.e., direct and remote nonthermal atmospheric pressure plasma (NTAPP), and plasma-treated water (PTW) were investigated. In contrast to the direct and the remote NTAPP methods, the distilled water (DW) was separately treated with the direct NTAPP, and then, the PTW was applied to the biofilm forms of H. caseinilytica. This indirect treatment method was compared to direct and remote NTAPP treatments. NTAPPs were also applied to the planktonic forms of H. caseinilytica. The petri dishes exposed both directly and remotely to NTAPPs displayed considerable inhibition zones for bacteria, indicating the plasma’s bactericidal effectiveness against planktonic H. caseinilytica. We found that the direct NTAPP exposure resulted in a four-log reduction in colony-forming unit (CFU) count after 15 s of treatment (complete inactivation time was 180 s) while remote NTAPP exposure resulted in a slightly larger than a two-log reduction in CFU count after 15 s of treatment (complete inactivation time was 300 s), against H. caseinilytica biofilms. When the H. caseinilytica biofilms were suspended in PTW, it took 300 s to achieve complete inactivation. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to investigate changes in the structure of the H. caseinilytica biofilms treated with direct and remote NTAPPs, and PTW.","PeriodicalId":46807,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Radiation and Plasma Medical Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2023-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135152743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cherenkov Light Emission in Pure Cherenkov Emitters for Prompt Gamma Imaging 用于瞬时伽马成像的纯切伦科夫发射器中的切伦科夫光发射

IF 4.4

IEEE Transactions on Radiation and Plasma Medical Sciences Pub Date : 2023-10-13 DOI: 10.1109/TRPMS.2023.3323838

L. Rebolo;C. Trigila;J. Ellin;P. M. Mendes Correia;A. L. Silva;J. Veloso;S. St. James;E. Roncali;G. Ariño-Estrada

{"title":"Cherenkov Light Emission in Pure Cherenkov Emitters for Prompt Gamma Imaging","authors":"L. Rebolo;C. Trigila;J. Ellin;P. M. Mendes Correia;A. L. Silva;J. Veloso;S. St. James;E. Roncali;G. Ariño-Estrada","doi":"10.1109/TRPMS.2023.3323838","DOIUrl":"10.1109/TRPMS.2023.3323838","url":null,"abstract":"Proton range verification (PRV) in proton therapy by means of prompt-gamma detection is a promising but challenging approach. High-count rates, energies ranging between 1 and 7 MeV, and a strong background complicate the detection of such particles. In this work, the Cherenkov light generated by prompt-gammas in the pure Cherenkov emitters thallium bromide, thallium chloride (TlCl) and PbF2 was studied. Cherenkov light in these crystals can provide a very fast timing signal with the potential to achieve very high-count rates and to discern between prompt-gammas and background signals. Crystals of \u0000<inline-formula> <tex-math>$1times 1$ </tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000 cm2 and thicknesses of 1, 2, 3, and 4 cm were simulated. Different photodetector (PD) configurations were studied for 2.3, 4.4, and 6.1-MeV prompt-gammas. TlCl achieved the greatest number of detected Cherenkov photons for all energies, detector dimensions, and PD efficiency modeling. For the highest-prompt-gamma energy simulated, TlCl yielded approximately 250 Cherenkov detected photons, using a hypothetical high-performance PD. Results show the crystal blocks of 1 cm \u0000<inline-formula> <tex-math>$times1$ </tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000 cm \u0000<inline-formula> <tex-math>$times1$ </tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000 cm have greater prompt-gamma detection efficiency per volume and a comparable average number of detected Cherenkov photons per event.","PeriodicalId":46807,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Radiation and Plasma Medical Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2023-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10285537","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136303584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Scalable, Time-of-Flight and Depth-of-Interaction Detector Units for High-Resolution PET Systems 用于高分辨率 PET 系统的可扩展飞行时间和交互深度探测器单元

IF 4.4

IEEE Transactions on Radiation and Plasma Medical Sciences Pub Date : 2023-10-13 DOI: 10.1109/TRPMS.2023.3324197

Vanessa Nadig;Stefan Gundacker;David Schug;Katrin Herweg;Konstantin Weindel;Harald Radermacher;Florian Mueller;Bjoern Weissler;Volkmar Schulz

{"title":"Scalable, Time-of-Flight and Depth-of-Interaction Detector Units for High-Resolution PET Systems","authors":"Vanessa Nadig;Stefan Gundacker;David Schug;Katrin Herweg;Konstantin Weindel;Harald Radermacher;Florian Mueller;Bjoern Weissler;Volkmar Schulz","doi":"10.1109/TRPMS.2023.3324197","DOIUrl":"10.1109/TRPMS.2023.3324197","url":null,"abstract":"Resolving the depth of interaction (DOI) of a \u0000<inline-formula> <tex-math>$gamma $ </tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000-photon in the scintillator is necessary to correct for parallax errors in organ-dedicated and large-scale time-of-flight positron emission tomography (TOF-PET) scanners or enable the precise recovery of Compton-scattered \u0000<inline-formula> <tex-math>$gamma $ </tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000-photons. Doubling the number of readout channels and moving toward more complex detector designs are methods to encode DOI, often associated with high costs. We propose a DOI-capable TOF-PET detector unit concept confining light-sharing to two detector channels, where the high benefit lies in scalability and the prospect of Compton recovery between adjacent units. We evaluate these scalable, DOI-capable unit concepts, realizing DOI encoding between two LYSO:Ce,Ca crystals (\u0000<inline-formula> <tex-math>$3 times 3 times 20$ </tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000 mm3; Taiwan Applied Crystals) one-to-one coupled to two Broadcom AFBR-S4N33C013 silicon-photomultipliers (SiPMs) read out with the TOFPET2 ASIC. The best-performing unit employing a triangular reflector sheet and optical glue between the two crystals and mounted on two FBK NUV-MT SiPMs results in a DOI resolution of about 3 mm (RMSE) based on the energy ratio digitized by the two channels while maintaining a coincidence time resolution (CTR) of 226 ps (FWHM) with TOFPET2 ASIC readout, applying a linear DOI correction. Using HF readout, the CTR of the proposed detector unit was improved to 141 ps (FWHM).","PeriodicalId":46807,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Radiation and Plasma Medical Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2023-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10285456","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136305417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0