Journal of Crime & Justice最新文献_第8页

Policing the pandemic: public views of the police approach to enforcement of covid-19 public health regulations in Trinidad and Tobago 监督大流行:公众对特立尼达和多巴哥警察执行covid-19公共卫生法规的方法的看法

IF 1.2 4区社会学

Journal of Crime & Justice Pub Date : 2022-02-26 DOI: 10.1080/0735648X.2021.2002178

W. C. Wallace, Keel County, Karen Lancaster-Ellis

{"title":"Policing the pandemic: public views of the police approach to enforcement of covid-19 public health regulations in Trinidad and Tobago","authors":"W. C. Wallace, Keel County, Karen Lancaster-Ellis","doi":"10.1080/0735648X.2021.2002178","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0735648X.2021.2002178","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The global lockdown that began in March 2020 as a result of Covid-19 pandemic created numerous challenges for employees and employers, and policing was no exception. As the coercive arm of the state, police officers were asked by governments all over the world to enforce restrictions on the movement of people in an effort to ensure compliance with Covid-19 Public Health regulations. As a result of this increased mandate given to the police, the authors of this article were interested in the impact that the enforcement of Covid-19 regulations had on the relationship between the public and the police in Trinidad and Tobago. With this in mind, a quantitative, online approach was utilized to achieve the study’s goals. The study utilized adult residents of Trinidad and Tobago (n = 1,675) and questioned them on their views regarding the approach taken by members of the Trinidad and Tobago Police Service (TTPS) in enforcing Covid-19 regulations. The quantitative data were analyzed overall as well as by Police Division, age, ethnicity, and gender. The results indicated overall support for the police enforcement of Covid-19 regulations as well as equitableness in their enforcement of the regulations. Other results and implications for policy are discussed.","PeriodicalId":46770,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Crime & Justice","volume":"45 1","pages":"506 - 521"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42745542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

De-policing as a result of public scrutiny: examining officers’ perceptions of negative media attention and willingness to engage in self-initiated activity 因公众监督而解除治安：检查警察对媒体负面关注的看法以及参与自发活动的意愿

IF 1.2 4区社会学

Journal of Crime & Justice Pub Date : 2022-02-08 DOI: 10.1080/0735648X.2021.2024082

J. Gau, E. A. Paoline, Nicholas D. Paul

{"title":"De-policing as a result of public scrutiny: examining officers’ perceptions of negative media attention and willingness to engage in self-initiated activity","authors":"J. Gau, E. A. Paoline, Nicholas D. Paul","doi":"10.1080/0735648X.2021.2024082","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0735648X.2021.2024082","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT With police facing constant negative publicity, concerns have been raised that officers working the street will draw back on their efforts. Prior research relying on official data has not found increases in crime as a result of this so-called Ferguson or de-policing effect. In the present study, it is argued that officers’ own reported willingness to initiate proactive enforcement activities should be added to this body of research. If there is a Ferguson effect, it most likely exists in the realm of high-discretion, low-visibility decision making. Data are from surveys administered in-person to officers in a large, urban department. Results show that officers who perceive higher levels of negative publicity feel that police are less likely to self-initiate stops. Those who feared being filmed unfairly also reported reluctance among their colleagues. Perceptions of being supported by top management appeared to be a protective factor, with those experiencing strong support from managers reporting less concern about self-initiated enforcement. Findings support the existence of a de-policing or Ferguson effect insofar as intense scrutiny from the public and media appear to discourage some officers from initiating proactive stops. This indicates that when de-policing occurs, it is likely concentrated among high-discretion, low-visibility decisions.","PeriodicalId":46770,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Crime & Justice","volume":"45 1","pages":"539 - 551"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42006423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

Neighborhood matters: the impact of community context on the cumulative case processing of firearm offenses 邻里关系:社区背景对枪支犯罪累积案件处理的影响

IF 1.2 4区社会学

Journal of Crime & Justice Pub Date : 2022-01-27 DOI: 10.1080/0735648X.2022.2026807

Joshua H. Williams, Mica Deckard, R. Rosenfeld

引用次数: 0

The influence of lawbreaking animal rights activists on their family members: the familial-ideological spin model 违法的动物权利活动家对其家庭成员的影响:家庭意识形态旋转模型

IF 1.2 4区社会学

Journal of Crime & Justice Pub Date : 2022-01-25 DOI: 10.1080/0735648X.2021.2016474

Tali Inbar-Frohlich, Natti Ronel, Moshe Bensimon

引用次数: 0

Exploring violent crimes in Chicago during the COVID-19 pandemic: do location, crime type, and social distancing type matter? 探索2019冠状病毒病大流行期间芝加哥的暴力犯罪:地点、犯罪类型和社交距离类型重要吗?

IF 1.2 4区社会学

Journal of Crime & Justice Pub Date : 2021-12-22 DOI: 10.1080/0735648X.2021.2014934

D. Kim, William P. McCarty

{"title":"Exploring violent crimes in Chicago during the COVID-19 pandemic: do location, crime type, and social distancing type matter?","authors":"D. Kim, William P. McCarty","doi":"10.1080/0735648X.2021.2014934","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0735648X.2021.2014934","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The current study estimates the impact of the SAH order on violent crimes across public and residential locations: assault, battery, homicide, robbery, and sexual assault. Using interrupted time series analyses, it analyzes weekly crime data in Chicago, Illinois, from 2017 to 2020. The SAH order caused significant decreases in battery and sexual assault across public and residential locations. It also decreased assault in public locations only. Such decreases in assault, battery, and sexual assault were greater under the SAH order when social distancing was strictly enforced, as opposed to during the relaxation of social distancing. On the other hand, there were significant increases in homicide across public and residential locations. Robbery increased in public locations only. There were greater increases in homicide and robbery during the relaxation of social distancing, as opposed to under the SAH order. The study ultimately indicates that the impacts of the containment measures are conditional upon the offense location, type of crime, and level of social distancing being mandated. From a public policy perspective, it is important to allocate staffing and resources for law enforcement accordingly during the enduring pandemic.","PeriodicalId":46770,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Crime & Justice","volume":"45 1","pages":"522 - 537"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46062104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Predictive validity and measurement invariance in juvenile risk assessment: Implications for racial and ethnic disparities in juvenile justice 青少年风险评估中的预测有效性和测量不变性：对青少年司法中种族和民族差异的影响

IF 1.2 4区社会学

Journal of Crime & Justice Pub Date : 2021-11-14 DOI: 10.1080/0735648X.2021.1997788

Christopher J. Sullivan, James T. McCafferty, Jamie Newsome, Amber Mandalari

{"title":"Predictive validity and measurement invariance in juvenile risk assessment: Implications for racial and ethnic disparities in juvenile justice","authors":"Christopher J. Sullivan, James T. McCafferty, Jamie Newsome, Amber Mandalari","doi":"10.1080/0735648X.2021.1997788","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0735648X.2021.1997788","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT U.S. states have made a good deal of progress in reducing the number of youths incarcerated in residential facilities in recent decades. While this is a positive development, racial and ethnic disparities (RED) persist in which youths are being placed in these facilities. That incongruence means that youths of color are still poised to experience the downsides of those custodial experiences. Juvenile risk and needs assessment (JRNA) has been endorsed as one means of reducing RED in the juvenile justice system, but the literature on performance across race and ethnicity subgroups is limited and mixed to date. This study uses data from 680 youth in juvenile residential facilities in a Western U.S. state, including large subsamples of White and Hispanic youths, to investigate the performance of a JRNA tool, the Ohio Youth Assessment System. The analyses focus on race and ethnicity differences in prevalence of risk and needs; predictive validity across groups; and measurement invariance between White and Hispanic youths. The discussion focuses on key findings and their implications for addressing RED in juvenile justice.","PeriodicalId":46770,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Crime & Justice","volume":"45 1","pages":"409 - 429"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46758762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Community, faith, and public violence: A county-level examination of religious institutions and mass public shootings in the United States 社区、信仰和公共暴力:对美国宗教机构和大规模公共枪击事件的县级调查

IF 1.2 4区社会学

Journal of Crime & Justice Pub Date : 2021-11-03 DOI: 10.1080/0735648X.2021.1990786

Brendan Szendrő

{"title":"Community, faith, and public violence: A county-level examination of religious institutions and mass public shootings in the United States","authors":"Brendan Szendrő","doi":"10.1080/0735648X.2021.1990786","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0735648X.2021.1990786","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Americans confront public forms of violence on a strikingly regular basis. Shootings within schools, religious institutions or simply crowded spaces have attracted significant media attention. The question remains, then, as to what role, if any, can existing institutions play in mitigating these factors – and, if so, what institutions? I argue that the presence of religious institutions will decrease the likelihood of a mass public shooting occurring. Religious institutions are particularly effective at building social capital. Mass public shootings in particular speak to widespread alienation from parochial environments. I test this theory using county-level data on religious congregations and mass public shootings for the lower 48 states. I find that that over the range of religious congregation presence, the likelihood of a mass public shooting declines from 1 in 40 to effectively zero. This result is robust across multiple definitions of ‘mass public shooting’ but decreases in effectivity as the definition is broadened to other types of mass shootings. This study fills a well-documented void of county-level structural analysis in the existing literature.","PeriodicalId":46770,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Crime & Justice","volume":"45 1","pages":"467 - 483"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47185084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Examining the impact of racial/ethnic threat on juvenile court outcomes: a multi-level approach 审查种族/民族威胁对少年法庭结果的影响:多层次方法

IF 1.2 4区社会学

Journal of Crime & Justice Pub Date : 2021-10-31 DOI: 10.1080/0735648X.2021.1996441

Kareem L. Jordan, Rimonda Maroun

引用次数: 1

Exploring race, family, and community variation in juvenile institutionalization through the perspective of symbolic threat 从象征威胁的角度探讨青少年收容中的种族、家庭和社区差异

IF 1.2 4区社会学

Journal of Crime & Justice Pub Date : 2021-10-21 DOI: 10.1080/0735648X.2021.1990785

P. G. Lowery, Sarah Jane Brubaker

引用次数: 2

Dreading delayed punishment: Reconceptualizing sanction “celerity” 可怕的拖延惩罚：重新认识制裁的“快速性”

IF 1.2 4区社会学

Journal of Crime & Justice Pub Date : 2021-10-21 DOI: 10.1080/0735648X.2021.1991835

Chae M. Jaynes, Theodore Wilson

引用次数: 1