Homo-Journal of Comparative Human Biology最新文献_第10页

Variability in professional athletes: secular changes in the anthropometry of elite handball players. 职业运动员的变异性:优秀手球运动员人体测量的长期变化。

IF 0.6 4区社会学

Homo-Journal of Comparative Human Biology Pub Date : 2019-10-24 DOI: 10.1127/homo/2019/1050

A. Burdukiewicz, J. Pietraszewska, Justyna Andrzejewska, Aleksandra Stachoń, M. Lijewski

{"title":"Variability in professional athletes: secular changes in the anthropometry of elite handball players.","authors":"A. Burdukiewicz, J. Pietraszewska, Justyna Andrzejewska, Aleksandra Stachoń, M. Lijewski","doi":"10.1127/homo/2019/1050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1127/homo/2019/1050","url":null,"abstract":"Compared to previous surveys, the current model of elite-level athlete is significantly different. The aim of this work was to examine the secular trends in the body dimensions of professional handball players using cohorts from 1977 and 2012. A range of anthropometric data was considered, including skinfold-, height-, length-, breadth-, and girth-based measures. We computed various body indices and the endomorphy, mesomorphy, and ectomorphy components. Above-average height was exhibited by both cohorts, and the trends observed in body height and the other height-related variables are in line with those reported for the general population. Remaining anthropometric differences between the two cohorts can be attributed to morphological optimization, as changes in handball regulations between 1977 and 2012 modified game play dynamics and therefore motor requirements. The changes in trunk and lower extremity proportions have resulted in a contemporary handball player with a lower center of mass and enhanced biomechanical conditions of movements that can translate into improved speed, change-of-direction ability, jumping, and balance skills. Additionally, an increase in upper body dimensions may be advantageous in handball due to the close contact nature of the game. Increases in bone breadths and segment girths as well as a reduction in subcutaneous fat tissue appear to be the result of systematic strength training.","PeriodicalId":46714,"journal":{"name":"Homo-Journal of Comparative Human Biology","volume":"71 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2019-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72394169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

Anatomical variations of maxillary lateral incisors: A comparative analysis of archaeological and modern populations from the Yucatan peninsula. 上颌侧门牙的解剖变异:尤卡坦半岛考古和现代人口的比较分析。

IF 0.6 4区社会学

Homo-Journal of Comparative Human Biology Pub Date : 2019-10-24 DOI: 10.1127/homo/2019/1039

J. R. Herrera-Atoche, Ana Maria Ríos-Muñoz, Dalia Amelia Sardaneta-Escudero, G. Colomé-Ruiz, A. Cucina

{"title":"Anatomical variations of maxillary lateral incisors: A comparative analysis of archaeological and modern populations from the Yucatan peninsula.","authors":"J. R. Herrera-Atoche, Ana Maria Ríos-Muñoz, Dalia Amelia Sardaneta-Escudero, G. Colomé-Ruiz, A. Cucina","doi":"10.1127/homo/2019/1039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1127/homo/2019/1039","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study was to compare the prevalence of anatomical variants of maxillary lateral incisors in archaeological and modern populations from the Maya region. Both populations were derived from the state of Yucatan, Mexico. The archaeological sample consisted of human remains representing 122 individuals from the ancient Maya archaeological site of Xcambo (AD 250-700). The modern sample consisted of 475 dental models from the municipality of Tahdziú, Yucatan. The anatomical variants evaluated included microdontia, barrel-shaped incisors, and talon cusp. The prevalence of each anatomical variant for each population was calculated and compared (Fisher p < 0.05). The prevalence of anatomical variants was 15.57% (n = 19) in the archaeological sample and 14.11% (n = 67) in the modern one; the difference was not significant (p = 0.666). When compared by specific anatomical variants, a significant (p = 0.013) association was observed for microdontia: 2.45% (n = 3) in the archaeological population and 9.05% (n = 43) in the modern population. Barrel-shaped incisors (p = 0.522) and talon cusp (p = 0.466) did not exhibit significant associations. The overall prevalence of anatomical variants in the maxillary lateral incisors in this region has not changed. The prevalence of microdontia has increased over the last 1500 years, and different microevolutionary processes may be called into question for such change.","PeriodicalId":46714,"journal":{"name":"Homo-Journal of Comparative Human Biology","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2019-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91197707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Neutron radiography as a diagnostic tool in human osteology. 中子x线摄影在人类骨学诊断中的应用。

IF 0.6 4区社会学

Homo-Journal of Comparative Human Biology Pub Date : 2019-10-22 DOI: 10.1127/homo/2019/1115

Arkadiusz Sołtysiak, E. Miśta-Jakubowska, J. Milczarek, P. Tulik, I. Fijał-Kirejczyk

引用次数: 0

The olecranon aperture of the humerus: a meta-analysis with anthropological and clinical discussion. 肱骨鹰嘴开口:人类学和临床讨论的荟萃分析。

IF 0.6 4区社会学

Homo-Journal of Comparative Human Biology Pub Date : 2019-08-29 DOI: 10.1127/HOMO/2019/1025

L. Pires, T. Leite, A. Fonseca Junior, M. Babinski, C. Chagas

{"title":"The olecranon aperture of the humerus: a meta-analysis with anthropological and clinical discussion.","authors":"L. Pires, T. Leite, A. Fonseca Junior, M. Babinski, C. Chagas","doi":"10.1127/HOMO/2019/1025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1127/HOMO/2019/1025","url":null,"abstract":"The olecranon aperture is an anatomical variant of the humerus that communicates the olecranon fossa with the coronoid fossa. It is also known as the supratrochlear foramen. Older anatomical textbooks refer to it as a rare variation caused by the perforation of the thin bony plate which separates both fossae. This anatomical variant may be confused as an osteolytic lesion of the humerus in radiographic images. The present work aims to perform a meta-analysis of the olecranon aperture. Heterogeneity between studies was evaluated using I2 estimation and the Cochran Q statistic test. A random effect model was used for all analyses. A total of sixty-one studies (20,338 humeri) were included in this meta-analysis. The pooled prevalence of the olecranon aperture was 21.9% (95% confidence interval: 18.6% to 25.3%). This variant was more commonly found in female than in male bones (statistically significant difference). The olecranon aperture is a common anatomical variant among the general population, although individuals from Africa possess a higher predisposition to develop it. The name supratrochlear foramen is incorrect, as foramina are conduit to vessels or nerves, as such, we propose the term olecranon aperture.","PeriodicalId":46714,"journal":{"name":"Homo-Journal of Comparative Human Biology","volume":"52 1","pages":"75-84"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2019-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88420327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Double inhumation in the Medieval Islamic Necropolis of Sahl ben Malik in Granada (Spain). 格拉纳达(西班牙)萨本马利克中世纪伊斯兰墓地的双重土葬。

IF 0.6 4区社会学

Homo-Journal of Comparative Human Biology Pub Date : 2019-08-29 DOI: 10.1127/HOMO/2019/1013

Claudia López-Morago, Enrique J Estéve, I. Alemán, Miguel C. Botella

引用次数: 1

Deciduous dental variation in Chalcolithic India: methods, metrics and meaning. 印度铜石器时代的乳牙变异:方法、度量和意义。

IF 0.6 4区社会学

Homo-Journal of Comparative Human Biology Pub Date : 2019-08-29 DOI: 10.1127/HOMO/2019/1012

J. Lukacs

{"title":"Deciduous dental variation in Chalcolithic India: methods, metrics and meaning.","authors":"J. Lukacs","doi":"10.1127/HOMO/2019/1012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1127/HOMO/2019/1012","url":null,"abstract":"Deciduous teeth are occasionally well represented in archaeological skeletal samples, yet their potential value in reconstructing biological adaptations of prehistoric populations is often overlooked. Independent investigations of the metric dimensions of deciduous dental remains from the Chalcolithic site of Nevasa (Deccan Plateau, western India) yield a unique opportunity to compare odontometric methods and gain insight regarding dental variation in prehistoric India. Mesiodistal (MD) and buccolingual (BL) dimensions of deciduous teeth were measured by two researchers. Intra- and inter-observer precision in dental measurements are evaluated statistically using multiple methods of comparison. Mean MD and BL dental dimensions (mm) and crown areas (MD × BL; mm2) are reported for Nevasa and compared with mean crown dimensions for Inamgaon. Tooth crown size for Nevasa is evaluated using maxillary, mandibular and total crown areas. The apportionment of tooth mass to incisor and molar tooth classes permits assessment of inter-group variation. No significant differences in mean crown dimensions (MD, BL) or mean crown areas were found between Nevasa (493.6 mm2) and Inamgaon (504.6 mm2). While the apportionment of crown area to incisor and molar tooth classes differed, in overall size (total crown area) both sites are intermediate when compared with prehistoric and living groups from South, Southeast and East Asia. The well documented trend in reduction of permanent tooth size is paralleled by reduction in deciduous tooth size in South Asian prehistory.","PeriodicalId":46714,"journal":{"name":"Homo-Journal of Comparative Human Biology","volume":"92 1","pages":"3-14"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2019-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83740522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

Exploring the risks accompanying child-bearing in aboriginal society on Gran Canaria (Canary Islands, 13th-15th cal. CE): death of a pregnant woman during her third trimester. 探索大加纳利岛(加那利群岛，公元13 -15年)土著社会生育的风险:一名怀孕妇女在妊娠晚期死亡。

IF 0.6 4区社会学

Homo-Journal of Comparative Human Biology Pub Date : 2019-08-29 DOI: 10.1127/HOMO/2019/1011

J. Santana-Cabrera, Martha Alamón-Núñez, V. Alberto-Barroso, T. Delgado-Darias

{"title":"Exploring the risks accompanying child-bearing in aboriginal society on Gran Canaria (Canary Islands, 13th-15th cal. CE): death of a pregnant woman during her third trimester.","authors":"J. Santana-Cabrera, Martha Alamón-Núñez, V. Alberto-Barroso, T. Delgado-Darias","doi":"10.1127/HOMO/2019/1011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1127/HOMO/2019/1011","url":null,"abstract":"In the pre-Hispanic necropolis of Juan Primo, northwest Gran Canaria (Canary Islands, Spain) a grave was found containing a 20-25 year-old woman with a foetus in her abdominal region, whose age at death was estimated at 33-35 weeks of gestation. The purpose of this study is to discuss the possible cause of death of the woman and foetus. Skeletons of both individuals were well preserved, permitting a good record of the bones found in the burial, which is compatible with a pregnancy at preterm. The age of the foetus and the position of the left upper limb raise the possibility that their death was the result of a difficult birth (dystocia). However, a number of alternative disorders can be put forward to explain this death in the third trimester of pregnancy, such as eclampsia and abruption placentae. In this case, pertinent ethnohistorical and osteoarchaeological information about the ancient canaries allows us to assess some of the stressors that would increase their maternal mortality. The lack of similar evidence in archaeological contexts makes this an important finding, providing a likely case of obstetric problems and their impact on pre-industrial societies.","PeriodicalId":46714,"journal":{"name":"Homo-Journal of Comparative Human Biology","volume":"55 1","pages":"45-56"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2019-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87381690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Masticatory properties in pre-modern Holocene populations from Northern China. 中国北方全新世前现代人群的咀嚼特征。

IF 0.6 4区社会学

Homo-Journal of Comparative Human Biology Pub Date : 2019-08-29 DOI: 10.1127/HOMO/2019/1007

Qian Wang, Qun Zhang, Tao Han, Zhichao Sun, P. Dechow, Hong Zhu, Quanchao Zhang

{"title":"Masticatory properties in pre-modern Holocene populations from Northern China.","authors":"Qian Wang, Qun Zhang, Tao Han, Zhichao Sun, P. Dechow, Hong Zhu, Quanchao Zhang","doi":"10.1127/HOMO/2019/1007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1127/HOMO/2019/1007","url":null,"abstract":"Recent studies indicate that evolution of the craniofacial skeleton is influenced by dietary behavior, which in turn alters masticatory efficacy and temporomandibular joint (TMJ) stability. In this study the mechanical properties of the masticatory system and the integrity of the TMJ in human populations from Northern China, dated to between 3800 BCE and 100 CE, were assessed. The results demonstrate that the mechanical efficiency is comparable to other modern human populations, though variations are present across different populations. While the ratio of overall weighted muscle efficiency for incisor loading vs. molar loading in pastoral and some recent agricultural groups is similar to early Homo sapiens, the ratio in more ancient agricultural groups is similar to the ratio in populations with heavy anterior paramasticatory activities, such as Neandertals, Inuits, and Native Americans. The TMJ vulnerability negatively correlates with the maxillary dental arch size, and positively with the condylar size. These findings suggest that there are multi-directional strategies in adaptation to heavy anterior teeth loading, such as increasing anterior teeth loading efficiency, increasing facial height, increasing facial breath and facial orthognathy, or decreasing anterior facial length. Furthermore, populations or individuals with a smaller dental arch and high biting efficiency could more easily injure the TMJ during unilateral loadings, which may explain the higher prevalence of TMJ disorders in modern humans, especially in women. These findings further reflect the impact of diachronic changes of the masticatory apparatus and lifestyle and their impact on oral health during recent human history.","PeriodicalId":46714,"journal":{"name":"Homo-Journal of Comparative Human Biology","volume":"105 -108 1","pages":"15-30"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2019-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72550930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Editorial. 社论。

IF 0.6 4区社会学

Homo-Journal of Comparative Human Biology Pub Date : 2019-08-29 DOI: 10.1127/homo/2019/1127

Maciej Henneberg

引用次数: 0

Is it worth following the example of a scientist? - or a few words about nutritional status and physical activity of Polish professors. 值得以科学家为榜样吗?——或者几句关于波兰教授的营养状况和体育活动的话。

IF 0.6 4区社会学

Homo-Journal of Comparative Human Biology Pub Date : 2019-08-29 DOI: 10.1127/HOMO/2019/1024

A. Demuth, U. Czerniak

{"title":"Is it worth following the example of a scientist? - or a few words about nutritional status and physical activity of Polish professors.","authors":"A. Demuth, U. Czerniak","doi":"10.1127/HOMO/2019/1024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1127/HOMO/2019/1024","url":null,"abstract":"Growing problem of overweight and obesity in Polish society needs corrective measures to limit its negative consequences. The purpose of the study is to assess the levels of nutritional status and physical activity of people with university education, professors of Poznań universities. The study included 288 Polish university professors. Their socioeconomic status and lifestyle were determined. Based on the BMI and waist circumference people with normal body proportions and proportions above normal were identified. The effect of biological and environmental variables on normal body proportions was assessed with the regression equation. Results: 1) The group is at the top of the social stratification ladder. 2) A high physical activity level, determined by leisure activities in the past, age, sex, and smoking, characterises 13% of women and 24% of men. 3) Obesity and overweight are more frequent in men compared to women, and in people aged over 49 years. 4) In models of logistic regression, where age was a controlled variable, sex was the only variable significantly determining body proportions in the younger group. In the older group, self-assessment of income and savings, physical activity level, smoking and the number of meals per day significantly affected body proportions. The significance of environmental factors for maintaining normal body proportions becomes visible for the studied group at the end of adult life, without showing significant effect in earlier life. This indicates that actions promoting benefits of physical activity and healthy behaviour should be implemented also for people with university education.","PeriodicalId":46714,"journal":{"name":"Homo-Journal of Comparative Human Biology","volume":"92 1","pages":"85-91"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2019-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80483601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0