Homo-Journal of Comparative Human Biology最新文献_第9页

Pope Leo XII's death: the twist to a longstanding dispute by novel historical documents and paleopathographic analysis. 教皇利奥十二世之死:由新的历史文献和古病理学分析引起的长期争议的转折。

IF 0.6 4区社会学

Homo-Journal of Comparative Human Biology Pub Date : 2019-11-11 DOI: 10.1127/homo/2019/1138

Ilaria Fiumi Sermattei, M. Traversari, P. Serventi, E. Cilli, G. Gruppioni, L. Tomassini, S. Benazzi, F. Galassi

{"title":"Pope Leo XII's death: the twist to a longstanding dispute by novel historical documents and paleopathographic analysis.","authors":"Ilaria Fiumi Sermattei, M. Traversari, P. Serventi, E. Cilli, G. Gruppioni, L. Tomassini, S. Benazzi, F. Galassi","doi":"10.1127/homo/2019/1138","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1127/homo/2019/1138","url":null,"abstract":"Although the practice of autopsy on the Pope's corpse was performed from the 16th century, autopsy reports are only rarely analysed, and never with the aim of investigating the real causes of the death from a concomitant medical and historical point of view. Here, for the first time, we report on the discovery of new unpublished documents from the Vatican Secret Archives and their investigation by a scientific and inter-disciplinary approach. This analysis allows us to draw new conclusions on the true cause of Leo XII's mysterious death. His sudden death, that occurred on February 10th, 1829 after a short illness, particularly struck the public. Suspicions of poisoning or surgeon's guilt or inexperience and even the shadow of a venereal disease, contributed to create a \"black legend\" on his pontificate and death. On the contrary, the present paleopathographic analysis points toward a new conclusion. The regular use of catheterization with a silver syringe provided an easy access for bacterial superinfection, confirmed by the observed early emphysematous stage of the corpse. So, the most substantiated hypothesis concerning the cause of Leo XII's death indicates a severe form of sepsis, exacerbated by a weakened state due to chronic hemorrhoids.","PeriodicalId":46714,"journal":{"name":"Homo-Journal of Comparative Human Biology","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2019-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81744650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Ancient Egyptian health: the prevalence of anemia at the origins of agriculture and state level society. 古埃及人的健康:贫血的流行起源于农业和社会的国家层面。

IF 0.6 4区社会学

Homo-Journal of Comparative Human Biology Pub Date : 2019-11-11 DOI: 10.1127/homo/2019/1089

K. A. Lopez, K. Godde

{"title":"Ancient Egyptian health: the prevalence of anemia at the origins of agriculture and state level society.","authors":"K. A. Lopez, K. Godde","doi":"10.1127/homo/2019/1089","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1127/homo/2019/1089","url":null,"abstract":"Ancient Egyptians experienced a vast increase in population size following the Neolithic Revolution. Nomadic hunter-gatherer groups gradually adopted agriculture as their primary food subsistence strategy. Analyses of human societies shifting from foragers to farmers have provided evidence which suggests this transition is linked with an increase in disease and allostatic load. This paper presents an examination of cribra orbitalia and porotic hyperostosis prevalence in Predynastic and Dynastic Egyptians using public health evidence as a means to interpret the skeletal findings. The sample included 219 individuals from the regions of Naga-ed-Dêr, Mesheikh, Giza, and potentially El-Ahaiwah. The aim of this study was to identify significant differences of cribra orbitalia and porotic hyperostosis across time and sex. Application of a Fisher-Freeman-Halton's test indicated there were no differences in prevalence of cribra orbitalia or porotic hyperostosis between the Predynastic and Dynastic, nor were there differences between the sexes. The results of this study did not produce any evidence for an epidemiological shift to have occurred in post-agricultural Egypt. Further, the most likely explanation of the pattern of disease stems from a parasitic model of infection.","PeriodicalId":46714,"journal":{"name":"Homo-Journal of Comparative Human Biology","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2019-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91225409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Changes of mandibular dental arch shape during adolescence and its influence on late mandibular incisor crowding. 青少年时期下颌牙弓形态的变化及其对后期下颌切牙拥挤的影响。

IF 0.6 4区社会学

Homo-Journal of Comparative Human Biology Pub Date : 2019-11-11 DOI: 10.1127/homo/2019/1070

Martina Žigante, A. Pavlić, Vaska Vandevska Radunovic, Alana Mathewson, Ana Kotarac Knežević, S. Špalj

{"title":"Changes of mandibular dental arch shape during adolescence and its influence on late mandibular incisor crowding.","authors":"Martina Žigante, A. Pavlić, Vaska Vandevska Radunovic, Alana Mathewson, Ana Kotarac Knežević, S. Špalj","doi":"10.1127/homo/2019/1070","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1127/homo/2019/1070","url":null,"abstract":"The aim was to analyze the changes in mandibular dental arch shape during adolescence and assess its relation to late mandibular incisor crowding. Longitudinal study included 68 orthodontically untreated subjects (49% female) and analyzed their data for the ages of 12, 15, 18 and 21 years. Measurements included anterior arch depth, intercanine, interpremolar/anterior and intermolar/posterior width, Little's Irregularity and Bolton's index and the ratio between anterior arch depth and width. Males had significantly greater posterior widths than females at any age (p < 0.05). The anterior arch depth continuously decreased (p < 0.05), while width increased after the age of 18 years. Mandibular incisor crowding increased during all investigated periods (p < 0.05). The increase of intercanine width at 12-21 years of age reduced the risk for mandibular incisor crowding in the same period by 74% (OR: 0.265: 95% CI 0.076-0.931; p = 0.045). The shape of mandibular dental arch continues to change during adolescence becoming more squared while mandibular incisor crowding increases. The increase in mandibular intercanine width reduces the risk of crowding.","PeriodicalId":46714,"journal":{"name":"Homo-Journal of Comparative Human Biology","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2019-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83381647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

The ethics of investigating cultural and genetic diversity of minority groups. 研究少数民族文化和基因多样性的伦理学。

IF 0.6 4区社会学

Homo-Journal of Comparative Human Biology Pub Date : 2019-11-11 DOI: 10.1127/homo/2019/1095

M. Capocasa, Laura Volpi

引用次数: 3

Osteoarcheological and biomolecular evidence of leprosy from an 11-13th century CE Muslim cemetery in Europe (Orosháza, Southeast Hungary). 从公元11-13世纪欧洲穆斯林墓地发现的麻风病的骨考古学和生物分子证据(Orosháza，匈牙利东南部)。

IF 0.6 4区社会学

Homo-Journal of Comparative Human Biology Pub Date : 2019-10-24 DOI: 10.1127/homo/2019/1071

J. Balázs, Zoltán Rózsa, Z. Bereczki, A. Marcsik, B. Tihanyi, K. Karlinger, Gergely Pölöskei, Erika Molnár, H. Donoghue, G. Pálfi

{"title":"Osteoarcheological and biomolecular evidence of leprosy from an 11-13th century CE Muslim cemetery in Europe (Orosháza, Southeast Hungary).","authors":"J. Balázs, Zoltán Rózsa, Z. Bereczki, A. Marcsik, B. Tihanyi, K. Karlinger, Gergely Pölöskei, Erika Molnár, H. Donoghue, G. Pálfi","doi":"10.1127/homo/2019/1071","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1127/homo/2019/1071","url":null,"abstract":"Orosháza site no. 10 (Southeast Hungary) contains the partially excavated archaeological remains of an 11-13th century CE Muslim merchant village and its cemetery located in close proximity to Christian villages of the same era. The skeleton of a young woman (grave no. 16) from the last phase of the cemetery use was identified with rhinomaxillary lesions associated with lepromatous leprosy. The right parietal bone also exhibited signs of cranial trauma, possibly caused by symbolic trepanation, a well-known ritual practice in the 9-11th century CE Carpathian Basin. The retrospective diagnosis of the disease was supported by ancient DNA analysis, as the samples were positive for Mycobacterium leprae aDNA, shown to be of genotype 3. Contrary to the general practice of the era, the body of the young female with severe signs of leprosy was interred among the regular graves of the Muslim cemetery in Orosháza, which may reflect the unique cultural background of the community.","PeriodicalId":46714,"journal":{"name":"Homo-Journal of Comparative Human Biology","volume":"600 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2019-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77248857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Association of body mass index and upper arm body composition with depressive symptoms in old age home and family based elderly. 老年家庭和家庭老人体重指数和上臂身体成分与抑郁症状的关系

IF 0.6 4区社会学

Homo-Journal of Comparative Human Biology Pub Date : 2019-10-24 DOI: 10.1127/homo/2019/1054

K. Singh, S. Singh, G. Kaur, K. Bose

{"title":"Association of body mass index and upper arm body composition with depressive symptoms in old age home and family based elderly.","authors":"K. Singh, S. Singh, G. Kaur, K. Bose","doi":"10.1127/homo/2019/1054","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1127/homo/2019/1054","url":null,"abstract":"The following study was designed to find out the association of the mid-upper arm body composition and body mass index (BMI) with depressive symptoms among the old age home based (group 1) and family based elderly (group 2) subjects. In group 1 elderly males, 51.5% were showing mild depressive symptoms and 17% were showing moderate to severe depressive symptoms. On the other hand, among group 2 elderly males, prevalence of mild depressive symptoms was in 27% and moderate to severe depressive symptoms was in 4.5% of the subjects. Among elderly with and without depressive symptoms, BMI, waist-hip ratio (WHR), arm muscle circumference (AMC), arm muscle area (AMA), arm fat area (AFA), fat mass (FM), muscle mass and bone mass were significantly (p < 0.01) lesser among group 1 as compared to group 2. Among group 1, the AFA (R2 change = 0.178), AMC (R2 change = 0.035), AMA (R2 change = 0.032), FM (R2 change = 0.022) and muscle mass (R2 change = 0.019) have highest contribution to the variance of depressive symptoms. On the other hand, BMI (R2 change = 0.04) and WHR (R2 change = 0.03) had the highest, though small, contribution to the variance of depressive symptoms among group 2. The upper arm body composition indices were better indicator of depressive symptoms in group 1, and BMI and WHR were better indicators of depressive symptoms in group 2. Therefore, among group 1 subjects, the upper arm body composition indices prove to be better regular health monitoring indices as compared to traditionally used BMI and WHR.","PeriodicalId":46714,"journal":{"name":"Homo-Journal of Comparative Human Biology","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2019-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75625384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Homo naledi did not have flat foot. 纳勒迪人没有平足。

IF 0.6 4区社会学

Homo-Journal of Comparative Human Biology Pub Date : 2019-10-24 DOI: 10.1127/homo/2019/1059

Ruining Li, Yuxuan Fan, Yaming Liu, Ðorđe Antonijević, Zhiyu Li, M. Djuric, Yifang Fan

引用次数: 2

The effect of prolonged thermal stress on the physiological parameters of young, sedentary men and the correlations with somatic features and body composition parameters. 长期热应激对年轻久坐男性生理参数的影响及其与躯体特征和身体成分参数的相关性。

IF 0.6 4区社会学

Homo-Journal of Comparative Human Biology Pub Date : 2019-10-24 DOI: 10.1127/HOMO/2019/1016

R. Podstawski, K. Borysławski, J. Laukkanen, C. Clark, D. Choszcz

{"title":"The effect of prolonged thermal stress on the physiological parameters of young, sedentary men and the correlations with somatic features and body composition parameters.","authors":"R. Podstawski, K. Borysławski, J. Laukkanen, C. Clark, D. Choszcz","doi":"10.1127/HOMO/2019/1016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1127/HOMO/2019/1016","url":null,"abstract":"Little is known about the effect of prolonged thermal stress on the physiological parameters of young and sedentary men. The aim of the study was to determine the effect of prolonged thermal stress on the physiological parameters of young men and the correlations with somatic features and body composition parameters. Forty-two sedentary men aged 20.24 ± 1.68 years were exposed to 10-, 12- and 14-minute sauna sessions (temperature: 90-91 °C; relative humidity: 14-16%). The participants' body composition parameters were determined pre-sauna exposure, and their body mass and blood pressure were measured pre and post-sauna treatment. Physiological parameters were monitored during each sauna session. Heart rate, energy expenditure, oxygen uptake, excess post-exercise oxygen consumption, respiratory rate, and blood pressure differed significantly between 10-, 12- and 14-minute sauna sessions. The increase in physiological parameters during sauna sessions (10, 12 and 14 minutes, respectively) was not significantly correlated with somatic features or body composition parameters. The only exception were the values of blood pressure (systolic and diastolic), which were significantly correlated with body mass, body mass index, body surface area, waist-hip ratio and the initial values of blood pressure pre-sauna exposure. Every additional two minutes of exposure to thermal stress induces significant changes in the physiological parameters of young and sedentary men. Whilst changes in physiological parameters following heat exposure are not significantly correlated with somatic features or body composition parameters, excluding blood pressure. Given the marked physiological changes observed in this study, it is recommended that sauna bathing of longer durations be investigated in order to elucidate the thermal stress response among varying body types.","PeriodicalId":46714,"journal":{"name":"Homo-Journal of Comparative Human Biology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2019-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74556508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

Genetic variation study on fifteen STR loci in isolated Slovenian "Inland Island" human populations of the Selška Valley Region. Selška山谷地区斯洛文尼亚“内陆岛”人群15个STR基因座的遗传变异研究。

IF 0.6 4区社会学

Homo-Journal of Comparative Human Biology Pub Date : 2019-10-24 DOI: 10.1127/homo/2019/1036

Negra Hadžić Metjahić, M. Vidovič, J. Cakar, M. Dzehverovic, A. Pilav, S. Dogan, D. Marjanovic

{"title":"Genetic variation study on fifteen STR loci in isolated Slovenian \"Inland Island\" human populations of the Selška Valley Region.","authors":"Negra Hadžić Metjahić, M. Vidovič, J. Cakar, M. Dzehverovic, A. Pilav, S. Dogan, D. Marjanovic","doi":"10.1127/homo/2019/1036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1127/homo/2019/1036","url":null,"abstract":"This study was conducted to confirm preliminary anthropological research indicating the specificity of isolated Selška Valley populations and implement clear mapping of genetic distances between neighboring populations and similar \"inland island\" populations from the region. The sample consisted of 86 unrelated individuals born in the Selška Valley from the lowland villages (Bukovica, Ševlje, Dolenja Vas, Selca, Železniki and Zali Log) and the mountain villages (Podlonk, Prtovč, Spodnje Danje, Zgornja Sorica and Spodnja Sorica). The for mentioned 15 STR loci (D3S1358, TH01, D21S11, D18S51, Penta E, D5S818, D13S317, D7S820, D16S539, CSF1PO, Penta D, vWA, D8S1179, TPOX and FGA) were analyzed and statistical analysis was applied to determine population-genetics and forensic parameters. The frequencies of 15 STR loci from isolated populations of Slovenian villages, Slovenia, Bosnian mountain villages and Bosnia and Herzegovina were analyzed to calculate genetic distances between them. Our results confirmed a similar genetic pattern between the Selška Valley mountain villages and Slovenian general population as well as Bosnian mountain villages and general Bosnian population. Even if the sample size was relatively small and examined populations were geographically isolated, observed genetic variation within the whole population was relatively high and comparable with neighboring populations. Additional analysis proved that the Selška Valley population is genetically closest to the Slovenian and Austrian populations. On the other hand, comparison with similarly patterned populations confirmed that this population could be recognized as \"inland island\" population in genetic terms.","PeriodicalId":46714,"journal":{"name":"Homo-Journal of Comparative Human Biology","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2019-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81788940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

The space of man's death. A modern age secondary burial case in northern Italy. 人类死亡的空间。意大利北部的一个现代二级埋葬箱。

IF 0.6 4区社会学

Homo-Journal of Comparative Human Biology Pub Date : 2019-10-24 DOI: 10.1127/homo/2019/1077

M. Licata, M. Motto, B. Grassi, P. Badino, S. Iorio

{"title":"The space of man's death. A modern age secondary burial case in northern Italy.","authors":"M. Licata, M. Motto, B. Grassi, P. Badino, S. Iorio","doi":"10.1127/homo/2019/1077","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1127/homo/2019/1077","url":null,"abstract":"Much of the recent archaeological and anthropological research on Italian modern age secondary burials has focused primarily on source analysis and the funerary context descriptions. To enable a clearer understanding of these atypical burials we need more archaeological data. To comprehend the mortuary practices it is necessary to investigate the surviving funeral monuments, burials and human remains. In fact, through the correct analysis of cultural material and human remains, it is possible to highlight the taphonomic changes of the corpse experiences during the entire ritual process. This will allow us to reconstruct the modality of body treatment in the funeral ritual. Now, we know partially the diffusion of the secondary burial ritual in southern Italy, but in northern Italy, it is lesser known. In this paper, we report the results of the archaeological and anthropological investigations conducted inside the Crypt of the Franciscan Monastery of Azzio (Varese, northern Italy). In the hypogeal funerary chamber, the corpses were temporarily deposed in seat-niches. This type of burial recalls the sitting colatois (masonry seat with a hole in the center), known in Naples as \"cantarelle\" and largely present in southern Italy. Throughout archaeological, anthropological and historical investigations, we tried to reconstruct the ritual adopted by the Friars and to better understand the ties with other northern and southern Italian testimonies. After our investigations, we received several notices of other similar funerary monuments in northern Italy that would be worth investigating.","PeriodicalId":46714,"journal":{"name":"Homo-Journal of Comparative Human Biology","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2019-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87475357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5