Japanese Psychological Research最新文献

{"title":"Development of the Japanese Version of the Original and Short Work Extrinsic and Intrinsic Motivation Scale","authors":"Yasuhiro Kotera,&nbsp;Kenichi Asano,&nbsp;Kristian Barnes,&nbsp;Katharine Burt,&nbsp;Gillian Liu,&nbsp;Jenai Lieu,&nbsp;Remi Ohshima,&nbsp;Ann-Marie Edwards","doi":"10.1111/jpr.12551","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jpr.12551","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Work motivation is important with regard to many organizational outcomes, including employee mental health and productivity. The Japanese workforce suffers from low levels of work motivation, associated with poor mental health and compromised productivity. One established measure of work motivation is the Work Extrinsic and Intrinsic Motivation Scale (WEIMS), based on the Self-Determination Theory (SDT). However, the Japanese version of WEIMS (JWEIMS) has yet to be developed. Likewise, the Japanese version of the short form WEIMS (SWEIMS) does not exist, either (JSWEIMS). This study aimed to validate JWEIMS and JSWEIMS. Japanese employees (<i>n</i> = 165) responded to JWEIMS, and the data were analyzed through a minimum average partial, parallel analysis, and exploratory factor analysis with the internal consistencies identified. Both JWEIMS and JSWEIMS demonstrated a three-factor structure. Internal consistencies were high. In both versions, more intrinsic types of motivation were categorized as one factor. JWEIMS and JSWEIMS are the only work motivation scales established on SDT in Japanese. The factor structure difference from the original scales highlights the collectivistic and success-driven nature of Japanese culture, relative to Canadian and UK cultures.</p>","PeriodicalId":46699,"journal":{"name":"Japanese Psychological Research","volume":"68 4","pages":"663-677"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jpr.12551","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149177606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to “Development of the Engagement with Beauty Scale-Revised, Japanese Version (EBS-R-J), and Confirmation of its Validity and Reliability”","authors":"","doi":"10.1111/jpr.70055","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jpr.70055","url":null,"abstract":"<p>\u0000 <span>Liu, J.</span>, <span>Diessner, R.</span>, &amp; <span>Fukushima, H.</span> (<span>2026</span>). <span>Development of the Engagement with Beauty Scale-Revised, Japanese version (EBS-R-J), and confirmation of its validity and reliability</span>. <i>Japanese Psychological Research</i>, <span>68</span>, <span>539</span>–<span>557</span>. https://doi.org/10.1111/jpr.12506\u0000 </p><p>In the published article, an error was identified in the model syntax used for the seven-factor confirmatory factor analysis of the Japanese translation of the Aesthetic Emotions Scale (AESTHEMOS), reported under the subsection “Aesthetic Emotions Scale.”</p><p>In the model syntax used for this analysis, item Aes24 was inadvertently specified as an indicator of both Factor 1 and Factor 3, whereas item Aes21, the intended indicator of Factor 3, was omitted. Consequently, the model contained 41 unique observed variables rather than all 42 AESTHEMOS items. We corrected the syntax so that Aes21 loads on Factor 3 and Aes24 loads only on Factor 1, and re-estimated the seven-factor model with all 42 items, using the same data and method as in the original analysis (with R lavaan package with maximum likelihood estimation). The corrected model yielded fit indices very similar to those originally reported, with the degrees of freedom increasing from 757 to 798 as a result of the additional item.</p><p>Accordingly, the following sentence is incorrect:</p><p>“This survey used the AESTHEMOS, translated into Japanese by the authors of this study, which showed a fit of <i>χ</i>²(757) = 2,596.377 (<i>p</i> &lt; .001), CFI = .757, TLI = .737, and RMSEA = .087.”</p><p>It should read:</p><p>“This survey used the AESTHEMOS, translated into Japanese by the authors of this study, which showed a fit of <i>χ</i>²(798) = 2,705.520 (<i>p</i> &lt; .001), CFI = .753, TLI = .734, and RMSEA = .087.”</p><p>This error affected only the model specification and fit statistics reported for this confirmatory factor analysis. Neither the parameter estimates nor the factor scores derived from this model were used in subsequent analyses. The AESTHEMOS total and subscale scores used in the correlation analyses were calculated independently and are unaffected. Therefore, this correction does not affect any other analyses, tables, primary findings, or conclusions of the article.</p><p>We apologize for this error.</p>","PeriodicalId":46699,"journal":{"name":"Japanese Psychological Research","volume":"68 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jpr.70055","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149177533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Do Grateful People Protect Their Benefactors at the Expense of Other People? Implications From Loss-Framed Welfare Tradeoff Ratios","authors":"Akitomo Yamamoto","doi":"10.1111/jpr.12539","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jpr.12539","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study examined whether grateful people are prone to sacrificing other people for the sake of their benefactors, themselves for the sake of their benefactors, and themselves for the sake of other people. Study 1 used a vignette methodology to induce participants' gratitude, and Study 2 an autobiographical recall procedure. In Study 1, the participants who received benevolent benefits in the vignette (gratitude condition) were more likely to sacrifice other people for the sake of their benefactors compared to those receiving benefits without benevolent intention (indebtedness-baseline condition). The same method revealed a tendency for grateful people to sacrifice themselves for benefactors and others. Study 1's results could not be replicated by the preregistered analysis in Study 2. However, gratitude positively correlated with their propensity to sacrifice other people for the sake of benefactors, though it was not a preregistered analysis. The findings reveal the bright and dark sides of the consequences of gratitude.</p>","PeriodicalId":46699,"journal":{"name":"Japanese Psychological Research","volume":"68 4","pages":"645-662"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jpr.12539","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149177580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perceptual Discrepancies of Body Sizes in Japanese Female College Students: Using a 3-D Silhouette Scale","authors":"Yuko Yamamiya,&nbsp;Tomohiro Suzuki,&nbsp;Takayo Mukai","doi":"10.1111/jpr.12534","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jpr.12534","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Body image comprises a perceptual evaluation of one's body. We examined perceptual discrepancies of own and others' body sizes in young Japanese women. Moreover, we investigated if thin-ideal internalization and appearance-comparison tendency were associated with the discrepancies. A sample of 173 young Japanese women (<i>M</i>_age = 20.11 years, <i>SD</i> = 1.50 years) completed a figural/silhouette scale questionnaire created based on the national anthropometric data and measures of thin-ideal internalization and appearance-comparison tendency. Results indicated that the participants selected a larger figure for themselves than their body mass index (BMI) represented, while they selected a slimmer figure for their ideal body than their ideal BMI represented. In addition, the extent of the perceptual discrepancies was correlated with thin-ideal internalization and appearance-comparison tendency. Moreover, participants expressed body dissatisfaction to a greater extent when using a silhouette scale than when using BMI. Findings are discussed in relation to abundant visual images of attractive bodies in society, which may lead to body-size perceptual discrepancies and misjudgments, body dissatisfaction, and eventual weight-loss behaviors. Implications for intervention are also discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":46699,"journal":{"name":"Japanese Psychological Research","volume":"68 4","pages":"629-644"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jpr.12534","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141336825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Mobile App-Based Positive Psychology Intervention for Well-being","authors":"Hiroaki Uechi,&nbsp;Takashi Shimazaki,&nbsp;Koji Takenaka","doi":"10.1111/jpr.12535","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jpr.12535","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study examined the feasibility of a mobile app-based positive psychology intervention (PPI) for enhancing well-being. A total of 24 Japanese students (11 men and 13 women) were assigned to the intervention group and 24 students with the same attributes (sex and grade) as the intervention group were assigned to the control group. The mobile app-based PPI consisted of three PPI activities for 2 weeks. Participants recorded how many character strengths they used (character strengths), how many letters they sent (gratitude letters), and the events that went well on that day (three good things). Statistical analysis was performed using analysis of variance, and the results revealed significant intervention effects on engagement and achievement among well-being. Moreover, favorable results were observed regarding the feasibility of the intervention, where women had a more favorable attitude toward acceptability, implementation, adaptation, integration, and expansion of the app than men.</p>","PeriodicalId":46699,"journal":{"name":"Japanese Psychological Research","volume":"68 4","pages":"744-759"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jpr.12535","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141362584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of a Defusion Exercise Including a Hierarchical Procedure on Depressive Rumination","authors":"Yuki Shigemoto,&nbsp;Ian Stewart,&nbsp;Takashi Muto","doi":"10.1111/jpr.12533","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jpr.12533","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study examined the effect of a defusion exercise with a hierarchical procedure in the context of depression, depressive rumination, and behavioral inflexibility. A total of 38 undergraduates were randomly assigned to either a defusion or control group. All participants answered questionnaires and engaged in a behavioral flexibility task before and after intervention. For the intervention, the defusion group engaged in a hierarchical defusion procedure. They sorted their depressive private events into either thoughts, feelings, or sensations, and all of them were integrated to “depression.” Subsequently, they engaged in word-repetition exercises for “depression.” The control group read an emotionally neutral article on Japanese culture for 5 min. Results showed that the defusion exercise decreased cognitive fusion regarding depression. However, it did not decrease depressive rumination or promote behavioral flexibility. These results suggest that adjustments in the implementation of defusion exercises and other interventions may be necessary to reduce depressive rumination and promote behavioral flexibility.</p>","PeriodicalId":46699,"journal":{"name":"Japanese Psychological Research","volume":"68 4","pages":"616-628"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jpr.12533","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141359394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating the Factor Structure of the Japanese Version of the Interpersonal Reactivity Index","authors":"Toshiyuki Himichi,&nbsp;Yuta Kawamura,&nbsp;Takayuki Goto","doi":"10.1111/jpr.12567","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jpr.12567","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI) is widely used to measure empathy; however, the factor structure and scoring of the IRI have been inconsistent. Previous studies showed a bifactor model with empathic concern (EC) and perspective taking (PT) as a better model for the Chinese version of the IRI. This study investigated whether this model was better than other candidate models for the Japanese version of the IRI. In Study 1, we compared the model fit parameters of confirmatory factor analysis using datasets from previous studies. The results showed that the bifactor model with EC and PT was the best among 42 models. Study 2 investigated which concepts were extracted in a bifactor model that was derived from web-based survey data. Results showed that the general factor in the bifactor model might measure the compound characteristics of both EC and PT. Additionally, the extracted EC factor might measure avoidance of harm to others, and the extracted PT factor might reference inferring others' minds. This study suggests that the bifactor model with EC and PT has the best factor structure and that the extracted factors reflect different aspects of empathy.</p>","PeriodicalId":46699,"journal":{"name":"Japanese Psychological Research","volume":"68 4","pages":"713-729"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jpr.12567","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149177234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pathogen Avoidance and Outgroup Avoidance During the First Wave of the COVID-19 Pandemic","authors":"Youngjin Kang","doi":"10.1111/jpr.12511","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jpr.12511","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Behavioral immune system (BIS) theory explains that humans possess an adaptive psychological mechanism that helps them stay away from potential sources of pathogens. The theory claims that potential sources of pathogens also include outgroups, such as racial and ethnic minorities, because outgroup members potentially carry infectious diseases to which ingroup members have not developed immunity. In order to examine this controversial claim, the current study investigated how outgroup avoidance was associated with other types of pathogen avoidance during the COVID-19 pandemic. During the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic, participants from the United States (<i>N</i> = 386) responded to questions pertaining to pathogen threat, pathogen avoidance, and outgroup avoidance. The data were statistically analyzed to identify significant associations between those variables. The results indicated that outgroup avoidance was positively associated with avoidance of personal pathogen cues (i.e., social distancing) but no other types of pathogen cues (i.e., wearing a mask and washing hands). This result aligns with the recent theoretical argument that the outgroup avoidance activated by the BIS (e.g., xenophobia) is a byproduct of avoiding infected ingroup rather than outgroup individuals.</p>","PeriodicalId":46699,"journal":{"name":"Japanese Psychological Research","volume":"68 3","pages":"407-419"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2026-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jpr.12511","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140382696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Construct Validity of Recovery Measures through Theoretical Formulations as Applied to Cardiovascular Parameters","authors":"Yukihiro Sawada","doi":"10.1111/jpr.12492","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jpr.12492","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The recovery period is generally excluded under stress testing, despite its importance, because recovery measures lack information on construct validity. The smaller the carryover effect, the higher the construct validity. Theoretical formulae were derived for three recovery measures (i.e., total carryover [TCO], mean recovery rate [MRR], and area under the curve [AUC]) to assess to what extent this criterion is fulfilled. The cardiovascular parameters (particularly blood pressure [BP] and heart rate [HR]) were targeted. After applying this criterion to theoretical formulae and previous experimental findings, the three recovery measures were ordered as follows: MRR for BP (highly valid) &gt; AUC for both BP and HR (moderately valid) &gt; MRR for HR and TCO for both BP and HR (slightly valid). The unexpected finding of MRR for HR was due to the invisible carryover effect of vagal rebound on HR. The implication of the sharp contrast in MRR for BP versus HR is discussed, indicating their qualitative differences as cardiovascular parameters.</p>","PeriodicalId":46699,"journal":{"name":"Japanese Psychological Research","volume":"68 3","pages":"522-529"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2026-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jpr.12492","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139246903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Behind the Mask: Analyzing the Dual Influence of Social Norms on Pandemic Behavior in Japan1","authors":"Asako Miura,&nbsp;Aya Murayama,&nbsp;Hideya Kitamura","doi":"10.1111/jpr.12520","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jpr.12520","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study examines the relationship between social norms and mask-wearing behavior during the COVID-19 pandemic in Japan from two distinct normative perspectives: injunctive norms (governmental recommendations) and descriptive norms (observed behavior in others). Data were collected from a panel survey of Japanese residents from February to October 2023. Contrary to the study's hypothesis, which was based on system justification theory, no significant relationship was found between system justification motivation and individual mask-wearing rates, either before or after the relaxation of governmental rules in March 2023. Additionally, a cross-lagged panel model analysis conducted after the rule relaxation indicated a relationship between descriptive norms (societal estimates of mask-wearing rates) and individual behavior. However, the influence of descriptive norms on individual mask-wearing behavior was not as pronounced as was anticipated. The study highlights the complexities in the interplay between societal norms and individual behavior in public health crises, underscoring the importance of considering various factors, including cultural predispositions.</p>","PeriodicalId":46699,"journal":{"name":"Japanese Psychological Research","volume":"68 3","pages":"585-596"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2026-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jpr.12520","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140695947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}