{"title":"Airline revenue management with segmented continuous pricing: methods and competitive effects","authors":"Yanbin Long, Peter Belobaba","doi":"10.1057/s41272-023-00462-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1057/s41272-023-00462-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p>With the introduction of IATA’s New Distribution Capability (NDC), airlines will no longer be limited to discrete fare classes for their fare product distribution but could show fare quotes from continuous ranges to booking requests. NDC will also allow airlines to present different fare quotes to passengers from different demand segments as identified by the airline. In theory, airlines can better extract passenger willingness to pay, and thus, see gains in revenue, by offering segmented continuous fare quotes to different passengers requesting to book. This paper describes the revenue management (RM) methods for Segmented Continuous Pricing and examines their potential effects on airlines’ revenue through simulations in the Passenger Origin–Destination Simulator (PODS). We describe a class-based algorithm for continuous pricing, a straightforward extension from the traditional methods used with existing RM systems. Our simulation results show that in a calibrated scenario in which only one airline adopts Segmented Continuous Pricing and has an 80% accuracy in identifying business versus leisure passenger booking requests, the first-mover airline can see as much as a 17% revenue gain, at the expense of competitors. The revenue gains come primarily from the leisure passenger segment by offering lower fares than competitors closer to departure. The first-mover airline loses bookings but does not see losses in revenue from the business passenger segment. We also explore potential response strategies by the competing airlines. We discover that competitors can reverse the first-mover’s revenue gain by removing their fare restrictions while still using traditional RM methods. We conclude that although adopting Segmented Continuous Pricing is promising in theory, its gains in practice will depend heavily on the competitive situation and the responses made by competing airlines.</p>","PeriodicalId":46686,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Revenue and Pricing Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138493820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The role of exchange rate on hotelier’s pricing decision and business performance: the case of Switzerland, a small open economy","authors":"Isabella Blengini, Cindy Yoonjoung Heo","doi":"10.1057/s41272-023-00461-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1057/s41272-023-00461-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study focuses on the role of the exchange rate on hotelier’s pricing decision and business performance. This study explores the way hospitality industry practitioners react to exchange rate fluctuations and monetary policy interventions on the FOREX market. By analyzing monthly performance data of hotels in Switzerland between January 2000 and April 2021, this study finds the presence of two structural breaks in the economy, due, respectively, to the central bank’s intervention on the exchange rate market and to the COVID 19. The findings of this study suggest that hoteliers pay close attention to fluctuations in the exchange rate as well as to monetary policies. These findings should raise individual hoteliers’ awareness about their competitors’ behavior and help them better define their strategic decisions in terms of pricing.</p>","PeriodicalId":46686,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Revenue and Pricing Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138517663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aparna Jayaram, R. K. Amit, Amit Agarwal, Xiaodong Luo
{"title":"Elasticity-integrated pricing and allocation heuristic for airline revenue management","authors":"Aparna Jayaram, R. K. Amit, Amit Agarwal, Xiaodong Luo","doi":"10.1057/s41272-023-00454-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1057/s41272-023-00454-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Setting the right fares is a key lever for increasing operating profitability in the airline industry. It is crucial to design fares that are both appealing to passengers and contribute to an increase in airline revenue. Although airline revenue management techniques have evolved to capture customer-choice behavior, the pricing and allocation decisions continue to be taken independently. However, since they are linked, a single optimization model can address this shortcoming. This paper presents a joint optimization model (JOM) that considers product prices and their allocation quantities as decision variables. A sequential optimization technique that divides the model into two decision problems is adopted to cope with JOM’s complexity. The problem is divided into a master problem and a sub-problem, wherein product price changes are made in the master problem and, with these fixed prices, optimization is performed in the sub-problem. The sub-problem is solved by simplifying the non-linear JOM into a linear programming problem. The direction of product price changes in the master problem is identified using price elasticity of demand. A heuristic based on this concept is proposed and tested. The Elasticity-integrated Pricing and Allocation Heuristic (EPAH) is observed to produce a consistent increase in existing revenues.</p>","PeriodicalId":46686,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Revenue and Pricing Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138517660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Equilibrium pricing structure in a differentiated duopoly: uniform vs. two-part pricing","authors":"Taeki Min, Kyung Jin Min, Hyung Jun Kim","doi":"10.1057/s41272-023-00452-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1057/s41272-023-00452-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This paper investigates the effect of product substitutability on subgame perfect Nash equilibrium pricing structures (Uniform vs. Two-part Pricing) in a duopoly where each firm chooses its pricing policy first and then decides the level of the strategic variables (unit price and fixed fee) associated with the chosen pricing policy to maximize its own profit. Previous studies on two-part pricing in a monopoly situation showed that two-part pricing yields higher profits than uniform pricing, and we show that two-part pricing is also a subgame perfect Nash Equilibrium at all degrees of product substitutability even in a duopoly situation. However, this paper shows that if the degree of substitutability is quite high, uniform pricing can also become a subgame perfect Nash equilibrium strategy, although both firms can afford higher profits if both firms adopt two-part pricing. This paper also shows how the equilibrium unit price and fixed fee change as the product substitutability increases in each pricing structure and how the consumers in the market behave for these prices (purchase none, one of the products, or both). When both firms choose the two-part pricing policy, unit price and fixed fee show distinctive forms of U-shape and inverted U-shape as the substitutability increases, for which we explore the rationale.</p>","PeriodicalId":46686,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Revenue and Pricing Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138517662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Does carbon pricing matter? An exploratory study based on international data","authors":"Praveen Kumar","doi":"10.1057/s41272-023-00449-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1057/s41272-023-00449-3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46686,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Revenue and Pricing Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135043065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The weakening pricing power of major brand over private label grocery products: evidence from a Dutch retailer","authors":"Hao Chen, Alvin Lim","doi":"10.1057/s41272-023-00458-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1057/s41272-023-00458-2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46686,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Revenue and Pricing Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135242314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Reevaluating the RevPASH formula: advancing analytical perspectives in restaurant revenue and yield management","authors":"Melissa C Kalan","doi":"10.1057/s41272-023-00446-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1057/s41272-023-00446-6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46686,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Revenue and Pricing Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135341768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Transient price setting in the era of automated systems: the ‘hands-on’ hotel general manager lives on!","authors":"Natalie Haynes, David Egan","doi":"10.1057/s41272-023-00447-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1057/s41272-023-00447-5","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Hotel pricing discussions seem to be increasingly dominated by automated revenue management and pricing systems without considering human interaction. Using grounded theory, this paper foregrounds the voice of twenty managers and exposes the complexities and realities of their involvement in price decision-making. A hybrid price decision-making process was discovered where the hotel general manager remains in control despite automation, due to their modus operandi to control the performance of their hotel by using their local market and customer knowledge in the pricing process. This indicates that for revenue management at hotel unit level there is an often-unseen gap between theory and practice.","PeriodicalId":46686,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Revenue and Pricing Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135479859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A dynamic pricing strategy model for Indian Railways","authors":"Kartikeya Singh, Pushkaraj Dhake, Sundaravalli Narayanaswami","doi":"10.1057/s41272-023-00450-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1057/s41272-023-00450-w","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46686,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Revenue and Pricing Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135773701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Future of personalization in travel","authors":"B. Vinod","doi":"10.1057/s41272-023-00460-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1057/s41272-023-00460-8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46686,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Revenue and Pricing Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135819131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}