{"title":"EMPOWERING RURAL LEBANESE FEMALE ENTREPRENEURS: A RESOURCE-BASED PERSPECTIVE","authors":"LARA KHABBAZ, OMAYA KURAN","doi":"10.1142/s108494672450002x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s108494672450002x","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This paper examines how rural female entrepreneurs in Lebanon navigate challenges and opportunities amidst economic crises. It aims to understand how they leverage resources to overcome barriers and enhance their entrepreneurial potential, offering insights for fostering sustainable entrepreneurship in crisis-affected regions. This study employs Integrative Qualitative Methods, combining participatory action research (PAR) and narrative inquiry, to explore the motivations, experiences and aspirations of rural female entrepreneurs in Lebanon. Amidst severe economic crises, 28 female entrepreneurs participated in a three-year program supporting their businesses. The findings indicate that rural female entrepreneurs in Lebanon are primarily motivated by family sustainability, social effect and personal fulfillment. They demonstrate significant adaptability to market changes and are able to leverage support networks to manage resources effectively. Strategic resource allocation, communication and collaboration are key to their success. Overall, these findings highlight the resilience and strategic acumen of rural female entrepreneurs, emphasizing the importance of ongoing support for economic growth and community development.</p>","PeriodicalId":46653,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Developmental Entrepreneurship","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140566962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
RAUL ESTRADA-LAVILLA, MARÍA ALEJANDRA OVALLE-ZULETA, JOSÉ RUIZ-NAVARRO, MARÍA DEL CARMEN CAMELO-ORDAZ
{"title":"DEVELOPMENT OF A CROSS-CULTURAL ITEM BANK FOR MEASURING ENTREPRENEURIAL PERSONALITY TRAITS ASSOCIATED WITH VENTURE SUCCESS","authors":"RAUL ESTRADA-LAVILLA, MARÍA ALEJANDRA OVALLE-ZULETA, JOSÉ RUIZ-NAVARRO, MARÍA DEL CARMEN CAMELO-ORDAZ","doi":"10.1142/s1084946724500067","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s1084946724500067","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study aims to create a cross-cultural item bank that enables accurate, specific and comprehensive measurement of entrepreneurial personality traits associated with successful businesses. The traits were identified through a literature review, a panel of experts and entrepreneurs. Forty-four experts were used for the content analysis of the item bank and 35 entrepreneurs were interviewed to analyze and validate the item bank with considerable evidence. We identified sixteen entrepreneurial personality traits grounded in theory, each linked to entrepreneurial success, constructed a cross-cultural item bank customized to five Spanish-speaking countries to enable a more culturally sensitive measurement, and provided evidence of both content and response process validities. The item bank advances the measurement of entrepreneurial personality traits, transcending the constraints of conventional psychometric tests to offer a less intrusive, yet more accurate and efficient, alternative. A foundation is provided for a computerized adaptive test capable of assessing a range of entrepreneur-specific constructs for a better alignment between project stakeholders and a reduced risk of failure.</p>","PeriodicalId":46653,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Developmental Entrepreneurship","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140566963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"CULTURAL NORMS AND THEIR EFFECT ON ENTREPRENEURIAL ENDEAVORS: PERSPECTIVES FROM BANGLADESH","authors":"EMON KALYAN CHOWDHURY","doi":"10.1142/s1084946724500079","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s1084946724500079","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This paper explores the effect of traditional practices and cultural norms on entrepreneurship and business success in Bangladesh. Using a constructive survey questionnaire, data was collected from 172 businesspersons. Factor analysis and regression analysis were employed to analyze the data. The findings highlight that traditional family structures, gender roles, social hierarchies and traditional business networks significantly influence entrepreneurship in Bangladesh. These factors can either enable or hinder entrepreneurial activities, access to resources and funding, and decision-making processes. The study also identifies challenges faced by entrepreneurs because of traditional practices and cultural norms, such as limited resources for female entrepreneurs and barriers to fair competition. Based on the findings, implications are drawn for policy development, programming within educational institutions and entrepreneurial practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":46653,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Developmental Entrepreneurship","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140566967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"SELF-REPORTED EMOTIONAL DISTRESS AND CREDIT DISCOURAGEMENT: RACIAL DIFFERENCES AMONG INDIVIDUAL MICROENTREPRENEURS IN BRAZIL","authors":"MARCELO PAIXÃO, IRENE ROSSETTO","doi":"10.1142/s1084946724500031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s1084946724500031","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Research has shown that credit discouragement is one of the most significant barriers deterring small businesses from accessing credit. Although credit discouragement is often associated with diminished expectations for successfully obtaining credit, the underlying causes of this phenomenon have not been explored fully. Adapting Loury’s (2021) feedback effect theory to the credit market, this study provides insights into the effect of race and emotional distress on credit discouragement among individual microentrepreneurs (IMEs) in Brazil. Using survey data collected in Rio de Janeiro and Salvador, the study confirms that Black and Brown IMEs who reported emotional distress in bank branches had a greater credit discouragement rate than those who did not. We also confirmed Brazil’s pigmentocratic pattern of inequality, with higher discouragement among Black IMEs compared to Brown and White IMEs.</p>","PeriodicalId":46653,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Developmental Entrepreneurship","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140566959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"PAVING THE PATH TO YOUTH GREEN ENTREPRENEURSHIP: ACTIVISM, EDUCATION OR BOTH?","authors":"RINA HERANI, JOVITA ANGELA, TUR NASTITI","doi":"10.1142/s1084946724500055","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s1084946724500055","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study pioneers the application of the Civic Voluntarism Model to investigate youth green entrepreneurship. We conducted a survey among Indonesian students enrolled in higher education institutions. Our analysis of 441 responses using Hayes’ Process Model with 5000 bootstrapping iterations yields significant insights. We discovered that youth committed to the environment are more likely to pursue green entrepreneurship when actively engaging in offline environmental activism. Intriguingly, exposure to entrepreneurship education alone does not significantly strengthen the shift from environmental commitment to the green entrepreneurship unless youth also participate in offline environmental activism. This discovery propels the Civic Voluntarism Model forward, highlighting the critical roles of entrepreneurship education as a moderator and offline environmental activism as a mediator in facilitating the transition from environmental commitment to the pursuit of green entrepreneurship among youth. Despite recognizing the threat of climate change and their capacity to tackle it, youth face criticism for their lack of active participation in mitigation efforts. Our findings address this challenge by providing actionable recommendations for educators, policymakers and young individuals aspiring to become green entrepreneurs. These recommendations aim to empower young individuals to drive positive environmental change beyond the confines of the classroom.</p>","PeriodicalId":46653,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Developmental Entrepreneurship","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140566969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
EMILIA KARPINSKAIA, GALINA SHIROKOVA, TATIANA S. MANOLOVA
{"title":"DYNAMICS AND CONSTRAINTS OF THE START-UP LEGITIMATION PROCESS: THE ROLE OF ORGANIZATIONAL IDENTIFICATION","authors":"EMILIA KARPINSKAIA, GALINA SHIROKOVA, TATIANA S. MANOLOVA","doi":"10.1142/s1084946724500018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s1084946724500018","url":null,"abstract":"<p>From inception, start-ups are torn between two opposing legitimacy pressures: the need to differentiate from competitors and the need to conform to stakeholders’ expectations. In this study, we adopt an organizational identification perspective, coupled with a legitimacy-seeking lens, to explore the start-up legitimation progress for entrepreneurs who identify with their ventures either intrinsically or instrumentally. Applying a longitudinal multi-case study design and using rich interview data, we track the decisions and actions of ten Russian high-tech start-ups over a twenty-month period. Our findings reveal that start-up legitimation is a dynamic process guided by the organizational identification of the founders and bounded by identity tensions. The study extends the literature on new venture legitimation and its constraints. Theoretical and practitioner implications are discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":46653,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Developmental Entrepreneurship","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140566977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
EL HASSANIA RAHOU, MOUNA HAJJAJ, AHMED TAQI, CHAMA JARIDE, YASSIN ALLAMMARI
{"title":"EXAMINING THE EFFECT OF MOROCCAN INFORMAL MICROENTERPRISES’ ATTRIBUTES ON THE DECISION TO TRANSITION INTO A FORMAL STATUS","authors":"EL HASSANIA RAHOU, MOUNA HAJJAJ, AHMED TAQI, CHAMA JARIDE, YASSIN ALLAMMARI","doi":"10.1142/s1084946724500043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s1084946724500043","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Microenterprises have long been neglected in theoretical debates on the informal sector, receiving limited attention and superficial analysis. The aim of this article is to study the influence of the characteristics of informal microenterprises in Morocco on the decision to move to the formal sector. The article adopts a quantitative approach, focusing on 500 informal microentrepreneurs in northern Morocco. Through descriptive statistics and the use of a binomial logistic regression model, the study focuses on the effects of multiple aspects of these businesses. Data is collected and analyzed using the open-source tool R. The survey results reveal that engagement in a service-providing activity, the availability of business premises, and hiring more than four workers positively affect the propensity to formalize Moroccan informal microenterprises. Similarly, the use of simplified accounting systems, a longer period of existence and recourse to subcontracting are factors that encourage these ventures to opt for formalization. These findings are of key theoretical importance, exploiting the singularity of the Moroccan context and challenging the adoption of the neoliberal approach to explaining informality in Morocco. The conclusions are accompanied by recommendations designed to stimulate the transition to a formal sector. Implications of these findings for policy-makers, practitioners and entrepreneurs are discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":46653,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Developmental Entrepreneurship","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140566957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Gloria Ghantous Haddad, Amal Dabbous Soubra, Nada Mallah Boustany
{"title":"CATALYZING URBAN AND RURAL FEMALE ENTREPRENEURIAL SUCCESS THROUGH HRM PRACTICES AND DIGITAL TECHNOLOGY USE: INSIGHTS FROM LEBANON","authors":"Gloria Ghantous Haddad, Amal Dabbous Soubra, Nada Mallah Boustany","doi":"10.1142/s1084946723500267","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s1084946723500267","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigates the influence of human resource management (HRM) practices and digital technology use (DTU) on women’s perceived venture growth. Further, it explores the mediating role of perceived venture growth and whether this factor contributes to the improvement of female entrepreneurs’ economic conditions. The analysis also assesses differences between urban and rural areas. Using a sample of 100 female entrepreneurs in Lebanon, the results indicate that HRM practices and DTU exert a positive, significant effect on female entrepreneurs’ perceived venture growth. The latter also has a positive influence on the economic conditions of these women and acts as a mediator in these relationships. The findings differ between urban and rural areas. For female entrepreneurs in urban areas, perceived venture growth is shown to mediate the relationship between DTU and women’s economic conditions while it mediates the relationship between HRM practices and women’s economic conditions for female entrepreneurs in rural areas. The findings emphasize the collectivistic nature of rural female entrepreneurs, underscoring their reliance on strategic people management for business growth. It also advocates for promoting digital literacy among rural female entrepreneurs to help them grow and expand their businesses.","PeriodicalId":46653,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Developmental Entrepreneurship","volume":" 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139393632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"FAITH AND THE POVERTY ENTREPRENEUR: Editor’s Note","authors":"Michael H. Morris, Susana C. Santos","doi":"10.1142/s1084946723010033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s1084946723010033","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46653,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Developmental Entrepreneurship","volume":"14 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139395560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"ONLINE CROWDFUNDING PROJECTS AFTER THE PANDEMIC: ENTREPRENEURIAL ABILITIES AND INSTITUTIONAL DYNAMICS","authors":"Andrew Guo, Linghui Tang","doi":"10.1142/s1084946723500243","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s1084946723500243","url":null,"abstract":"This study examines what institutional conditions, entrepreneurial abilities and industry-specific factors contributed to the survival of online crowdfunding projects after the Covid pandemic. Based on the dynamic capability theory, we argue that government financial support alone cannot close the gap between market supply and demand after an exogenous shock. An institutional environment that promotes a transparent and efficient information sharing and resources allocation system is equally important for the survival of startups. Using a sample of 924 Kickstarter projects between 2017 and 2018, we found that startups in countries with high market dynamics and low entry barriers had a higher probability to survive the exogenous shock after controlling for entrepreneurial experience, social capital, and industry-specific factors. The findings support a free market approach to promote early-stage entrepreneurship.","PeriodicalId":46653,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Developmental Entrepreneurship","volume":"30 50","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139394152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}