COMPARATIVE SOCIOLOGY最新文献_第2页

From Recession to Pandemic: Evolving Inequalities in OECD Countries through a Two-Decade Analysis of Socio-Economic Impacts 从经济衰退到大流行病：通过对社会经济影响的二十年分析看经合组织国家不平等现象的演变

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COMPARATIVE SOCIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-05-03 DOI: 10.1163/15691330-bja10103

Fariborz Aref

{"title":"From Recession to Pandemic: Evolving Inequalities in OECD Countries through a Two-Decade Analysis of Socio-Economic Impacts","authors":"Fariborz Aref","doi":"10.1163/15691330-bja10103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/15691330-bja10103","url":null,"abstract":"Embarking on an exploration of socio-economic disparities within OECD countries over two decades, this research investigates the effects of the Great Recession and the COVID-19 pandemic on income distribution, labor market dynamics, and health outcomes. Using Exploratory Data Analysis of time-series and mixed-effects models, the study reveals a context characterized by intensifying inequalities, with variations reflecting the unique socio-economic structures of individual countries. It uncovers a pronounced increase in income inequality in countries including Lithuania, Luxembourg, Italy, and the United States, alongside shifts in labor market conditions, with the United States being particularly notable. Furthermore, the analysis highlights a widening of health disparities, evidenced by a decline in life expectancy in countries like the United States, Poland, and Slovakia, and a slowdown in reducing infant mortality rates. The use of mixed-effects models elucidates the role of country-specific factors in shaping these inequalities, revealing a complex interplay of influences that highlight the varied impacts of the pandemic across the OECD. This study not only charts the evolving contours of socio-economic inequalities but also enhances the understanding of global crises’ effects on developed economies.","PeriodicalId":46584,"journal":{"name":"COMPARATIVE SOCIOLOGY","volume":"66 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140941876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Gender, Leadership and Career Advancement in Higher Education Institutions in Nigeria and Ghana 尼日利亚和加纳高等教育机构中的性别、领导力和职业发展

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COMPARATIVE SOCIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-05-03 DOI: 10.1163/15691330-bja10106

Molatokunbo A.S. Olutayo

{"title":"Gender, Leadership and Career Advancement in Higher Education Institutions in Nigeria and Ghana","authors":"Molatokunbo A.S. Olutayo","doi":"10.1163/15691330-bja10106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/15691330-bja10106","url":null,"abstract":"Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) in most societies globally are perceived to be structured in an imbalanced way, such that one gender is of advantage over the other, most times the male gender. Extant research on gender and leadership has been criticised on different grounds, such as including a one-sided focus, the lack of gendered perspectives, and a neglect of structural, cultural and historical factors in research. This study interrogates the notion that the HEIs are gendered; examines the factors answerable for gender disparities in leadership positions in the selected universities in Nigeria and Ghana; and identifies ways leadership affects each gender’s career advancement in the selected institutions. The qualitative research method was adopted to elicit information from purposely selected men and women, who have held leadership positions, and those who aspired, but were denied in the selected universities. The study utilises the in-depth and key informant interview techniques. It concludes that women still remain under-represented in most male dominated higher education decision making positions, as a result of the institutional climate which does not give adequate room for gender equality and inclusiveness.","PeriodicalId":46584,"journal":{"name":"COMPARATIVE SOCIOLOGY","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140932571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

USAID Democracy Promotion as a Possible Predictor of Revolutionary Destabilization 美国国际开发署（USAID）促进民主可能是革命破坏稳定的预测因素

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COMPARATIVE SOCIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-05-03 DOI: 10.1163/15691330-bja10102

Maksim Kostin, Andrey Korotayev

{"title":"USAID Democracy Promotion as a Possible Predictor of Revolutionary Destabilization","authors":"Maksim Kostin, Andrey Korotayev","doi":"10.1163/15691330-bja10102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/15691330-bja10102","url":null,"abstract":"USAID democracy promotion programs might not only influence the democracy levels, but also increase the likelihood of revolutionary uprisings in the recipient states. Democracy promotion can strengthen political opponents of the incumbent regime via support for alternative media, civil society groups and political parties, on one hand, and, on the other, support democratic institutions that in contrast to autocracies are more tolerable towards political opponents and thus allow more room for expressing political will on the streets. Since democracy aid targets “democrats” who are less prone to exert armed violence, the authors expect it to be associated with unarmed uprisings. Using logit regression models, they find that the volume of the USAID financial democracy assistance appears to be a significant predictor of unarmed revolutionary destabilization, but its effect is relatively weak. Some particular sub-sectors of democracy assistance have an impact on revolutionary destabilization, namely: civil society, elections, human rights and media assistance. These correlations might be partly explained by the fact that USAID assistance goes disproportionately to anocracies. This aid tends to increase the probability of revolutionary destabilization in two ways – directly (through strengthening political opponents of the regime) and indirectly (through increasing the number of anocracies in the world).","PeriodicalId":46584,"journal":{"name":"COMPARATIVE SOCIOLOGY","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140932638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Tracing the Roots of Islamophobia in Recent Indian Films 追溯近期印度电影中仇视伊斯兰教的根源

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COMPARATIVE SOCIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-05-03 DOI: 10.1163/15691330-bja10104

Suchismita Das, Satanik Pal

引用次数: 0

Mythodesign in Modern Kazakh Realities: State and Development Prospects 现代哈萨克现实中的神话设计：国家和发展前景

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COMPARATIVE SOCIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-05-03 DOI: 10.1163/15691330-bja10105

Samal Nukezhanova, Maira Dyussembekova, Vsevolod Zelenin

{"title":"Mythodesign in Modern Kazakh Realities: State and Development Prospects","authors":"Samal Nukezhanova, Maira Dyussembekova, Vsevolod Zelenin","doi":"10.1163/15691330-bja10105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/15691330-bja10105","url":null,"abstract":"Kazakhstan is in a state of transformation. This is due, on the one hand, to the internal processes of generational change, the economic crisis, and demographic changes. But also, on the other hand, to the collapse of the global security system and the dysfunctionality of international organisations such as Amnesty International, Red Cross, OSCE, and UN. These challenges lead to the construction of a new system of meanings that will help unite Kazakh society. Mythodesign can be a technology for achieving this. In scientific publications, there are gaps in the analysis of how mythodesign is used in Kazakhstan. The article will analyse the state and prospects of mythodesign development in modern Kazakh reality. Mythodesign in the first thirty years of Kazakhstan’s independence included the following elements. Domestic policy: multiculturalism and dialogue in Kazakh society, especially the between the titular (Kazakh) and non-titular (Russian) nations. Foreign policy: a multi-vector policy that came about as a response to Kazakhstan’s geopolitical position. This manifests itself in Kazakhstan’s participation in the Eurasian Economic Union. The key political figure who constructed the national myth was N. Nazarbayev, whose political brand followed these key elements. This study can be used to develop new mythologemes for Kazakhstan.","PeriodicalId":46584,"journal":{"name":"COMPARATIVE SOCIOLOGY","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140932751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Social Capital, Import Competition, and Vaccine Uptake 社会资本、进口竞争和疫苗接种率

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COMPARATIVE SOCIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-02-28 DOI: 10.1163/15691330-12341564

Søren Frank Etzerodt

引用次数: 0

Paternal Orphanhood, Parental Illness, and Child’s Biological Relationship to Household Head: Their Impact on Child Health in Nigeria 父系孤儿、父母疾病和儿童与户主的血缘关系：它们对尼日利亚儿童健康的影响

IF 0.6

COMPARATIVE SOCIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-02-28 DOI: 10.1163/15691330-12341561

Aramide Kazeem, John Musalia

{"title":"Paternal Orphanhood, Parental Illness, and Child’s Biological Relationship to Household Head: Their Impact on Child Health in Nigeria","authors":"Aramide Kazeem, John Musalia","doi":"10.1163/15691330-12341561","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/15691330-12341561","url":null,"abstract":"This research fills a hole in the literature by investigating whether, in Nigeria, differences exist in the health of paternal orphans or vulnerable children depending on whether they have a close biological relationship with the household head compared to a distant relationship when health is measured through diarrhea, fever, and cough. The research analyzes the 2013 Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey Data and employs a multi-level logistic regression as the model estimation technique. The results show that, regardless of the measure of child health, among paternal orphans or vulnerable children there is no significant difference in the health of grandchildren or children who are relatives/non-relatives of their household head in contrast to biological children of the household head. Further, results indicate that, among non-orphans or non-vulnerable children, there is a positive and statistically significant difference only in the odds of diarrhea for grandchildren compared to biological children. The devotion of foreign aid in social and health services in 2011–2013 from the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) for only orphans and vulnerable children, alongside contributions from the Nigeria government and other organizations, alleviated poor health status among said children.","PeriodicalId":46584,"journal":{"name":"COMPARATIVE SOCIOLOGY","volume":"111 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140025121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Elections, Type of Regime and Risks of Revolutionary Destabilization 选举、政权类型和革命破坏稳定的风险

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COMPARATIVE SOCIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-02-28 DOI: 10.1163/15691330-bja10097

Andrey Korotayev, Andrew Zhdanov, Gleb Krivenko

引用次数: 0

Digital Activism in Transitional Democracies 转型期民主国家的数字行动主义

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COMPARATIVE SOCIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-02-28 DOI: 10.1163/15691330-12341563

Luqman Saka, Segun Emmanuel Ojo

引用次数: 0

Trust in News and Trust through News: The Role of Media Consumption in Social, Political, and Media Trust 对新闻的信任和通过新闻获得的信任：媒体消费在社会、政治和媒体信任中的作用