Chungara-Revista De Antropologia Chilena最新文献

{"title":"Paisajes, vidas y equivocaciones en los Andes Meridionales (Jujuy, Argentina)","authors":"Francisco Pazzarelli, V. Lema","doi":"10.4067/s0717-73562018005000602","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/s0717-73562018005000602","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46548,"journal":{"name":"Chungara-Revista De Antropologia Chilena","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77140463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Funciones y significados de la esclavitud negra en el área pampeana-mapuche, siglos XVIII y XIX","authors":"Cristián Perucci González","doi":"10.4067/S0717-73562018005000403","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/S0717-73562018005000403","url":null,"abstract":"Tomando la aventura del esclavo fugitivo Gervasio Armas como base, este articulo analiza la inclusion de poblacion negra en el seno de la sociedad pampeana-mapuche en los siglos XVIII y XIX. La problematica en cuestion se centra en la valoracion y el significado de la esclavitud negra -condicion mayoritaria de estos individuos- en la mentalidad mapuche, contrastandola con las perspectivas hispano-criollas en torno al mismo fenomeno. Tambien se esbozan ideas sobre los procesos economicos y politicos que permitieron su aparicion, registrando distintas formas de desplazamiento forzado entre territorialidades coloniales e indigenas.","PeriodicalId":46548,"journal":{"name":"Chungara-Revista De Antropologia Chilena","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76086892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Imaginarios del Puerto Lamar desde 1825 a 1877","authors":"Javiera Letelier Cosmelli, Victoria Castro Rojas","doi":"10.4067/S0717-73562018005002201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/S0717-73562018005002201","url":null,"abstract":"espanolResumen: En este trabajo se analiza la construccion de los imaginarios del Puerto Lamar en Cobija, emplazado actualmente en la region de Atacama, desde su creacion en 1825 hasta 1870, previo a la Guerra del Pacifico. El Puerto Lamar fue un proyecto politico que se configuro junto con la creacion de la republica boliviana a inicios del siglo XIX, con el objetivo de incentivar el desarrollo del capitalismo a traves de la conexion ultramarina de Bolivia con el resto del mundo. De este modo, en Cobija se genero una nueva realidad local en donde se distinguio un notable incremento de poblacion, la transformacion del paisaje y consecuentemente, donde se conformaron diversos imaginarios en tension sobre este enclave en el desierto de Atacama. EnglishAbstract: This paper presents an analysis of the construction of imaginaries of Port of Lamar in Cobija, currently located in the Atacama region, from its creation in 1825 until the years before the War of the Pacific. The Port of Lamar was a political project of the recently created Republic of Bolivia at the beginning of the XIX century. It aimed at promoting the development of capitalism through the overseas connection of Bolivia with the rest of the world. In this context, a new local reality was created in Cobija, in which it is possible to identify an increase in population, the transformation of landscape, and, consequently, a configuration of diverse imaginaries within this enclave in the Atacama Desert.","PeriodicalId":46548,"journal":{"name":"Chungara-Revista De Antropologia Chilena","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91132723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Manejo de la quema de pastizales de sabana inundable: una mirada del pueblo originario Sáliva en Colombia","authors":"Alejandro Huertas Herrera, Brigitte Luis Guillermo Baptiste Ballera, M. Manríquez, Hugoberto Huertas Ramírez","doi":"10.4067/S0717-73562018005002401","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/S0717-73562018005002401","url":null,"abstract":"espanolEl conocimiento historico que se tiene de las quemas por parte de los pueblos originarios contribuye a entender el papel que cumple el fuego en ecosistemas naturales tropicales y templados. El objetivo de este trabajo fue describir el manejo y la importancia de la quema para el pueblo originario Saliva en el ecosistema de sabana inundable de Colombia. A traves de entrevistas semiestructuradas, cartografia social y calendarios anuales se obtuvieron las apreciaciones que tienen los Saliva del fuego en pastizales nativos. La percepcion generalizada de que las quemas son perjudiciales se ha insertado en su imaginario, pero se conserva el concepto del fuego como un factor determinante que afecta la sucesion vegetal y su uso mantiene el paisaje de sabana. Antes de ser aculturizados por los jesuitas en costumbres, religion y ganaderia bovina, los Saliva aplicaban fuego para facilitar la caza y los desplazamientos, pero su sometimiento al manejo del ganado cambio la concepcion de su aplicacion. Se concluyo que en la actualidad los Saliva no aplican fuego indiscriminadamente, sino que hacen un manejo estrategico con fines agropecuarios y de prevencion de incendios y rescatan saberes tradicionales del conocimiento ecosistemico. EnglishThe historical knowledge about the management of burnings by native peoples allows us to understand the role played by fire in natural tropical and temperate ecosystems. The objective of this work was to describe the management and importance of burning for the native Saliva people in the flooded savanna ecosystem of Colombia. The assessment that the Saliva have of fire in native grasslands was obtained through semi-structured interviews, social cartography and annual calendars. The generalized opinion that burnings are harmful is firmly established in their imaginary, but the concept of fire remains as a determining factor affecting plant succession and its use maintains the savanna landscape. Before being acculturized by the Jesuits in customs, religion and cattle rearing, the Saliva applied fire to facilitate hunting and movement, but their subjection to cattle rearing changed the conception of its application. It is concluded that, at present, the Saliva do not apply fire indiscriminately; instead, they manage it strategically for agricultural purposes and also rescue traditional knowledge of the ecosystem.","PeriodicalId":46548,"journal":{"name":"Chungara-Revista De Antropologia Chilena","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79184411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Producción metalúrgica local y coexistencia de tecnologías metalúrgicas en San Pedro de Atacama durante el período medio (400-1000 DC)","authors":"Ariadna Cifuentes, Valentín Figueroa, Diego Salazar, Benoît Mille","doi":"10.4067/S0717-73562018005001403","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/S0717-73562018005001403","url":null,"abstract":"espanolRESUMEN: Durante el periodo Medio (400-1000 DC) los metales registran un significativo aumento en los cementerios de San Pedro de Atacama, hecho a partir del cual se ha senalado la centralidad de estos en la estructuracion de las relaciones con Tiwanaku. Este trabajo presenta el corpus de metales que circularon en el espacio atacameno durante este periodo, a traves de su identificacion tipologica, del reconocimiento de las aleaciones en que fueron manufacturados y de las evidencias productivas. A partir de los resultados, se discute la existencia de una produccion metalurgica local, asi como su coexistencia con otras tradiciones tecnologicas metalurgicas de los Andes Centro Sur, evaluando aspectos relacionados con la produccion y uso de los metales. EnglishABSTRACT: During the Middle period (400-1000 AD), metal objects increased significantly in the cemeteries of San Pedro de Atacama, suggesting the centrality of metals in the structuring of relations between local leaders and Tiwanaku. This paper presents the metal objects that circulated in the Atacamenian space during this period through their typological identification, the determination of the alloys in which they were manufactured and their productive evidence. From these results, we discuss the presence of a local metallurgical production and its coexistence with other technological traditions in the South Central Andes. We conclude by evaluating aspects of the social production and use of metals during the Middle Horizon in San Pedro de Atacama.","PeriodicalId":46548,"journal":{"name":"Chungara-Revista De Antropologia Chilena","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4067/S0717-73562018005001403","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72468034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"TERESA GISBERT Y LA ARQUEOLOGÍA ANDINA","authors":"C. Casanovas","doi":"10.4067/s0717-73562018005002601","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/s0717-73562018005002601","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46548,"journal":{"name":"Chungara-Revista De Antropologia Chilena","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85770111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"INTERACCIÓN SOCIAL AL SUR DEL COLLASUYU. ALFARERÍA FUNERARIA DEL PERIODO TARDÍO (1400-1536 DC) EN LA CUENCA MAIPO-MAPOCHO","authors":"Cristian Dávila, Constanza Cortés, Andrea Martínez, J. Hermosilla, Nicole Fuenzalida Bahamondes, Daniel Pavlovic.","doi":"10.4067/S0717-73562018005002101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/S0717-73562018005002101","url":null,"abstract":"espanolResumen: Aunque existen variados estudios de sitios tardios en la zona Central de Chile, no hay consenso sobre como se habria dado la interaccion entre las poblaciones locales Aconcagua y el Inka en esta zona fronteriza del Collasuyu. A partir de la variabilidad alfarera en la zona, se ha propuesto diferentes niveles de interaccion. Sin embargo, faltan estudios comparativos sistematicos que permitan adentrarnos en esta problematica. El presente trabajo busca contribuir en esta linea con el analisis de piezas alfareras provenientes de 17 sitios funerarios de la cuenca Maipo-Mapocho, identificando la emergencia de un nuevo tipo ceramico local y la presencia de vasijas de estilo inkaico que parecieran ser producidas localmente. Al interior de la cuenca, entre las areas de Chacabuco, Mapocho y Maipo, se reconoce un comportamiento diferencial, lo que podria estar dando cuenta de los distintos niveles de interaccion entre las poblaciones locales y el Tawantinsuyu. EnglishAbstract: Although there are several studies focusing on late sites in Central Chile, there is no consensus about how the interaction between local Aconcagua settlements and the Inka took place in this frontier of the Collasuyu. Through local ceramic variability, different levels of interaction have been proposed; however, there is a lack of systematic comparative studies that allow us to explore this issue. This work aims to contribute in this regard by analyzing ceramic vessels of seventeen funerary sites in the Maipo-Mapocho basin, identifying the emergence of a new local ceramic type and the presence of vessels of Inka style that seem to be locally manufactured. Throughout the basin, between the Chacabuco, Maipo and Mapocho areas, different behaviors are identified, which could account for the varied levels of interaction between the local populations and the Tawantinsuyu.","PeriodicalId":46548,"journal":{"name":"Chungara-Revista De Antropologia Chilena","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82290122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Las sociedades prehispánicas tardías en la región septentrional del Centro de Argentina (Sierras Del Norte, Córdoba). Avances a su conocimiento desde los recursos vegetales","authors":"Andrea Recalde, Laura López","doi":"10.4067/S0717-73562017005000109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/S0717-73562017005000109","url":null,"abstract":"espanolResumen: El periodo Prehispanico Tardio (ca. 400-1550 d.C.) se caracteriza porque las comunidades que ocuparon el sector centro-oeste de las Sierras de Cordoba llevaron adelante estrategias y patrones de subsistencia flexibles, donde la movilidad estacional desempeno un papel fundamental, puesto que permitia un uso diversificado del paisaje mediante la explotacion de diversos ambientes, los cuales proporcionaban recursos distribuidos de manera heterogenea a lo largo del ano. En este contexto, la agricultura, desarro llada a pequena escala y con escasa tecnificacion, no regia la vida de los grupos prehispanicos, sino que estaba supeditada a la ausencia de otras alternativas al inicio de la estacion productiva. Los datos recuperados hasta el momento en el sector septentrional de la region, concretamente en Cerro Colorado (Sierras del Norte), ponen en evidencia procesos historicos similares a la region centro-oeste con respecto al tipo de estrategias economicas y, fundamentalmente, las formas de agricultura (de pequena escala y a secano). Sin embargo, de manera gradual la informacion acumulada indica que estas estrategias produjeron paisajes diferentes caracterizados por la variabilidad en el manejo de distintas especies vegetales silvestres y domesticadas, en tanto trajo aparejada la implementacion de estrategias variadas vinculadas con los tiempos agricolas y las pautas de movilidad. EnglishAbstract The Late Pre-Hispanic Period (ca. 400-1550 AD) is characterized by communities that occupied the central-western area of the Sierras of Cordoba and who developed flexible strategies and patterns of subsistence where seasonal mobility was central. This seasonal mobility allowed exploiting different environments, which provided resources throughout the year. In this context, agriculture, which was small-scale and with scarce or no-mechanization, did not regulate the life of the pre-Hispanic communities but was subject to the absence of other alternatives at the beginning of the productive season. Data recovered in the northern region of Sierras of Cordoba, specifically in Cerro Colorado (Sierras del Norte), reveal similar historical processes to those in the central-western region regarding the type of subsistence strategies and, fundamentally, of (small-scale dryland) agricultural practice. However, the data gathered gradually indicate that these economic strategies produced different landscapes characterized by different ways in handling wild and domesticated plant species. Therefore dissimilar strategies related to agricultural times and mobility patterns were carried out.","PeriodicalId":46548,"journal":{"name":"Chungara-Revista De Antropologia Chilena","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2017-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87445207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diseños de puntas de proyectil en el valle de Santa María (Catamarca, Argentina): una aproximación a la ocupación cazadora-recolectora","authors":"Agustín M. Agnolin, J. P. Carbonelli, J. P. Carbonelli","doi":"10.4067/S0717-73562017005000111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/S0717-73562017005000111","url":null,"abstract":"Fil: Agnolin, Agustin Mariano. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas; Argentina. Secretaria de Cultura de la Nacion. Direccion Nacional de Cultura y Museos. Instituto Nacional de Antropologia y Pensamiento Latinoamericano; Argentina","PeriodicalId":46548,"journal":{"name":"Chungara-Revista De Antropologia Chilena","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2017-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90441412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PUEDE EL ADN MITOCONDRIAL PROPORCIONAR INFORMACIÓN SOBRE LA ETNOGÉNESIS DE LOS PUEBLOS ORIGINARIOS CHILENOS","authors":"F. Rothhammer, Giannina Puddu, Macarena Fuentes-Guajardo","doi":"10.4067/S0717-73562017005000028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/S0717-73562017005000028","url":null,"abstract":"espanolResumen: A pesar del esfuerzo realizado por numerosos investigadores, el conocimiento existente acerca del origen de la mayoria de los pue- blos originarios chilenos continua siendo fragmentario y parcialmente contradictorio. En consecuencia nos hemos propuesto como objetivo contribuir al esclarecimiento de este importante aspecto de la historia del pueblo chileno, ofreciendo un enfoque desde la perspectiva de la genetica historica. Examinamos, en primer lugar, la variacion que presentan los haplogrupos pan-americanos de ADN mitocondrial (A, B, C y D) de poblaciones actuales de cinco regiones naturales de Chile continental: Norte Grande, Norte Chico, Zona Central, Zona Sur y Zona Austral. Al evaluar la distribucion de hombres y mujeres de origen ancestral americano se observa una predominancia de mujeres sobre hombres, contrastando este hecho con la distribucion de generos en el grupo de origen europeo, donde se observa consistentemente predominancia del sexo masculino. Luego calculamos distancias geneticas entre representantes de diferentes grupos originarios del cono sur, las regiones naturales de Chile y poblaciones mixtas de Brasil, Bolivia, Peru y Argentina. Las distancias geneticas obtenidas indican, como era de esperar, proximidad genetica entre los pueblos quechua, aimara, y atacameno y el Norte Grande y entre pehuenches, mapuches, huilliches, tehuelches, alacalufes, yaganes y onas y la Zona Sur y Austral y sugieren desplazamientos y mezcla poblacional de grupos de la Amazonia, los Andes Centrales, Chile y Argentina, que tomados en conjunto, contribuyen a entender con mayor claridad el origen geografico de los grupos etnicos chilenos. EnglishAbstract: Despite efforts made by numerous researchers, existing knowledge about the origin of the majority of Chilean ethnic populations continues to be fragmentary and partially contradictory. Our aim is to contribute to the clarification of this important aspect of Chilean history, from the perspective of historical genetics. We first examine the variation of pan-American haplogroups of mitochondrial DNA (A, B, C and D) in five natural regions of continental Chile: Norte Grande (Far North), Norte Chico (Near North), Central Zone, Southern Zone and Southernmost Zone. When evaluating the distribution of men and women of American ancestral origin, the predominance of women over men is noticeable. In contrast, when the gender distribution of individuals of European ancestral origin is analyzed, male predominance is consistently observed. Next we calculated genetic distances between representatives of different ethnic groups of the southern cone of South America, the natural regions of Chile and mixed populations of Brazil, Bolivia, Peru and Argentina. As expected, genetic distances indicate proximity between Quechua, Aymara, and Atacameno and the Norte Grande, and between Pehuenche, Mapuche, Huilliche, Tehuelche, Alacalufe, Yagan and Ona and the Southern and Southernmost Zone. In addition, displ","PeriodicalId":46548,"journal":{"name":"Chungara-Revista De Antropologia Chilena","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2017-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87940944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}