ARYA Atherosclerosis最新文献

{"title":"Assessing hemodynamic changes before and after pump in CABG surgery and its factors.","authors":"Mehdi Dehghani Firoozabadi, Soz Hiwa Mahmood, Afzal Shamsi, Mohamad Sorani","doi":"10.48305/arya.2025.45348.3068","DOIUrl":"10.48305/arya.2025.45348.3068","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>One of the main complications after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) is postoperative clinical and para-clinical changes, which present a significant challenge.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This descriptive cross-sectional study included 109 patients who were candidates for CABG and were admitted to the surgical intensive care unit at Tehran Heart Center Hospital, selected using random sampling and a checklist. Relationships between variables were analyzed with the Kolmogorov-Smirnov (K-S) test, paired t-test, and regression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The findings from the mean changes before and after the pump showed that blood sugar (28.23 ± 33.43), lactate (6.59 ± 5.63), potassium (0.75 ± 0.47), and heart rate (12.36 ± 15.46) increased significantly after the pump compared to before the pump (p < 0.05), while hemoglobin (-2.5 ± 1.28), hematocrit (-6.61 ± 3.44), pH (-0.03 ± 0.06), PaO₂ (-92.95 ± 94.01), bicarbonate (-1.83 ± 2.38), and mean blood pressure (-2.25 ± 13.01) decreased significantly (p < 0.05). Gender had a significant effect on cerebral oximetry values on both the right (β = 5.461, p = 0.002) and left (β = 4.835, p = 0.004) sides, hemoglobin (β = 0.644, p = 0.017), and hematocrit (β = 2.055, p = 0.004). In addition, patients' comorbidities also had a positive effect on PaO₂ (β = 11.340, p = 0.044).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The clinical and para-clinical status in patients undergoing CABG surgery changes after on-pump surgery. In addition, comorbidities of patients have a positive and significant effect on PaO₂, as well as gender, on cerebral oximetry, hemoglobin, and hematocrit values.</p>","PeriodicalId":46477,"journal":{"name":"ARYA Atherosclerosis","volume":"21 5","pages":"9-20"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12578204/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145431955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and contributing factors of nosocomial bloodstream infections in pediatric cardiac ICU patients at chamran hospital, Isfahan.","authors":"Ladan Salamati, Chehreh Mahdavi, Mohaddeseh Amini Harandi, Mohammad Reza Sabri, Alireza Ahmadi, Mehdi Ghaderian, Bahar Dehghan, Silva Hovsepian","doi":"10.48305/arya.2025.43595.3043","DOIUrl":"10.48305/arya.2025.43595.3043","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Congenital heart disease (CHD) profoundly impacts pediatric health, leading to increased morbidity and complex care requirements, often resulting in prolonged hospital stays. Nosocomial infections, particularly bloodstream infections (BSIs), pose a significant risk in the Pediatric Cardiac Intensive Care Unit (PCICU). This study aims to evaluate the prevalence of nosocomial BSIs in children with CHD within the PCICU and to identify associated risk factors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective analysis was conducted on data recorded from patients under 18 years of age who had confirmed positive blood cultures and were hospitalized for a minimum of 48 hours from March 2019 to March 2022. Demographic, clinical, and microbiological information was collected, and statistical analyses were performed to determine the relationships between various risk factors and positive blood cultures.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In this analysis of 510 patients evaluated, positive blood cultures were found in 16.7% of patients. Patients with positive cultures were significantly younger and had lower mean weights (P<0.05). Recovery status was a significant predictor of blood culture results (p<0.001). Device utilization, including urinary catheters and central venous lines, was notably higher in the positive culture group (P<0.05). Additionally, a higher proportion of patients with positive cultures had acyanotic CHD, with significant associations for Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA), Ventricular Septal Defect (VSD), and Atrial Septal Defect (ASD) (P<0.001). Improved recovery status decreased the likelihood of positive blood cultures by approximately 52.2% (odds ratio 0.478, p=0.0021).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings reveal a high prevalence of BSIs in the PCICU, highlighting some associated risk factors such as recovery status, use of central vein catheters, dialysis and Foley catheters, younger age, and lower weight. This study emphasizes the necessity for rigorous infection control measures, particularly regarding the management of invasive devices and prompt clinical interventions, to improve patient outcomes in this high-risk population. Enhanced surveillance and tailored guidelines are essential for reducing the risks of nosocomial infections in pediatric cardiac care settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":46477,"journal":{"name":"ARYA Atherosclerosis","volume":"21 5","pages":"51-59"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12578206/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145432588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determinants of severity of pain in non-cardiac chest pain patients: A cross sectional study.","authors":"Hamidreza Roohafza, Danesh Heidari, Awat Feizi, Azam Khani, Kasra Shokri, Sara Bagherieh, Niloufar Yavari, Parsa Saneian, Ali Karami, Masoumeh Sadeghi","doi":"10.48305/arya.2025.43240.3010","DOIUrl":"10.48305/arya.2025.43240.3010","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study aims to explore the psychosocial factors related to the severity of pain in patients with non-cardiac chest pain (NCCP), providing insights to support more comprehensive and targeted management strategies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study was conducted at two university-affiliated hospitals. Patients diagnosed with NCCP, based on physical examination and angiographic findings, completed questionnaires assessing type D personality, cardiac anxiety, fear of bodily sensations, somatization, depression, and pain severity. Univariate and multiple logistic regression analyses were conducted to identify factors influencing pain severity levels.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 156 males and 204 females, with a mean age of 55.76 ± 12.83 years, were divided into low-pain (N = 182) and high-pain (N = 178) groups. Higher education and being female were significantly associated with greater pain severity. Depression, type D personality, somatization, and cardiac anxiety were significantly correlated with pain severity. Multiple logistic regression analysis indicated that self-rated health (OR,: 2.14; 95% CI. :1.18-3.90), depression (OR-11.15; 95% CI-:1.09-1.22), type D personality (OR-: 1.90; 95% CI-: 1.06- 3.41), somatization (OR-: 1.03; 95% CI-: 1.01-1.06), and fear of bodily sensation (OR-: 1.90; 95% CI-: 1.06-3.41), were all associated with pain severity.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study concluded that type D personality, fear of bodily sensations, depression, somatization, cardiac anxiety, and poor self-rated health were associated with increased NCCP severity. By controlling the disease and managing related pain earlier, more coherent treatment strategies can be implemented, ultimately improving patients' quality of life.</p>","PeriodicalId":46477,"journal":{"name":"ARYA Atherosclerosis","volume":"21 3","pages":"49-58"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12229170/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144585240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors associated with reduced left ventricular ejection fraction as a manifestation of Trastuzumab-induced cardiotoxicity in breast cancer patients.","authors":"Zainab A Alrikabi","doi":"10.48305/arya.2025.45762.3112","DOIUrl":"10.48305/arya.2025.45762.3112","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Breast cancer is the most common malignancy in women, with 15-20% being HER2-positive, an aggressive subtype treated with Trastuzumab. Despite its survival benefits, Trastuzumab may cause cardiotoxicity, typically monitored by left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). This study assessed Trastuzumab's impact on LVEF and related factors among women with breast cancer in Baghdad.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective observational cohort study included 60 women with stage I-III HER2-positive breast cancer treated at Al-Amal National Oncology Hospital between January 2023 and May 2024. Baseline demographic, clinical, and echocardiographic parameters were collected, with follow-up assessments every three weeks during therapy and after the final cycle. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 27.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A P-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Mean LVEF declined significantly from 64.98% ± 5.50 to 62.02% ± 6.91 post-treatment (P < 0.001). The proportion of patients with impaired left ventricular diastolic function increased from 11.7% to 26.7% (P = 0.003). An LVEF decline of ≥10% was considered clinically meaningful. Traditional risk factors were not associated with LVEF decline, whereas baseline LVDF (OR 10.80; 95% CI: 2.21-17.42; P = 0.007) and post-treatment LVDF (OR 8.20; 95% CI: 1.74-13.58; P = 0.008) were significantly linked to LVEF decline.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Trastuzumab can cause early cardiac function decline, which is not always detected by LVEF alone. Assessment of left ventricular diastolic function at baseline and during therapy can identify high-risk patients, enabling timely monitoring and management to balance anticancer benefits with cardiotoxic risk.</p>","PeriodicalId":46477,"journal":{"name":"ARYA Atherosclerosis","volume":"21 6","pages":"61-68"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12747303/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145865807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"rs17576 polymorphism of matrix metalloproteinase-9 in predicting coronary artery disease severity and its adverse outcome.","authors":"Hidayet Demir, Mehmet Altuğ Tunçer, Mehrdad Sheikhvatan, Sumaia M Abuqalben","doi":"10.48305/arya.2025.43384.3019","DOIUrl":"10.48305/arya.2025.43384.3019","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The role of matrix metalloproteinases in developing ischemic heart disease has been suggested. We investigated the effect of the <i>MMP-9</i> gene polymorphism rs17576 on the severity of coronary artery disease and outcomes in affected individuals.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 654 patients suspected of having coronary artery disease were assessed. Real-time PCR was performed for <i>MMP-9</i> (rs17576) genotyping, and ELISA was used to assess <i>MMP-9</i> plasma levels. The patients were followed up for one year.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Coronary angiography showed coronary artery involvement in 28% of patients. The frequencies of AA, AG, and GG genotypes of rs17576 in the group without coronary artery involvement were 5.5%, 31.4%, and 63.1%, respectively, while in those with coronary artery disease, the frequencies were 55.2%, 29.5%, and 15.3%, respectively, showing a significant difference (p < 0.001). The frequency of the major allele (G allele) in the normal group and the groups with single-, two-, and three-coronary involvement was 21.1%, 65.4%, 61.8%, and 85.0%, respectively, indicating a significant difference (p < 0.001). The mean serum level of <i>MMP-9</i> was 2,963 ± 1,077 pg/ml in the group with coronary artery disease and 2,145 ± 926 pg/ml in the group without coronary involvement, with a significant difference between the two groups (p = 0.008). The presence of the A allele of rs17576 was associated with an increased hazard of one-year mortality in the coronary artery disease group (HR = 5.764, p < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Tracking the rs17576 polymorphism of the <i>MMP-9</i> gene can predict coronary artery disease severity and its long-term poorer outcome.</p>","PeriodicalId":46477,"journal":{"name":"ARYA Atherosclerosis","volume":"21 3","pages":"16-27"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12229167/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144585243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predicting the presence and severity of coronary artery disease using surrogate markers of insulin resistance: A cross-sectional study.","authors":"Soodeh Jahangiri, Seyed Arad Mosalamiaghili, Reza Heydarzadeh, Mohammadali Yousefzadeh, Reza Golchin Vafa, Hooyar Zarifkar, Kasra Assadian, Sina Sohrabizadeh, Hourshad Zarifkar, Mehrdad Sadeghi, Nazanin Hosseini, Mohammad Montaseri, Seyed Ali Hosseini, Javad Kojuri","doi":"10.48305/arya.2025.42573.2960","DOIUrl":"10.48305/arya.2025.42573.2960","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The triglyceride-to-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (TG/HDL-C) ratio, Metabolic Score for Insulin Resistance (METS-IR), triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index, and triglyceride-glucose body mass index (TyG-BMI) have been associated with the occurrence and severity of coronary artery disease (CAD), although evidence remains limited.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 1,017 patients undergoing coronary angiography for the first time were included. Insulin resistance (IR) indices were calculated based on patients' laboratory data. Significant CAD was defined as more than 50% stenosis observed in coronary angiography¹.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A positive correlation was found between CAD and the TyG index (ρ = 0.083, p = 0.008). Patients with CAD had a significantly elevated TyG index (9.02 ± 0.62) compared to those with single-vessel disease (SVD) (8.87 ± 0.59) (p = 0.012). A strong association was observed between CAD and the TG/HDL-C ratio (ρ = 0.114, p < 0.001). Patients with multi-vessel disease exhibited a considerably higher index (4.47 ± 2.46) compared to those with SVD (3.77 ± 2.45) (p = 0.003). The TyG index cut-off was 9.22 (27.5% sensitivity, 79.3% specificity, 82.2% positive predictive value (PPV), and 23.89% negative predictive value (NPV)), while the TG/HDL-C ratio cut-off was 3.6 (44% sensitivity, 65.2% specificity, 81.5% PPV, and 25.5% NPV).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings indicate that the TG/HDL-C ratio, with a cut-off point of 3.6, and the TyG index, with a threshold of 9.22, are associated with the presence of CAD. (ClinicalTrials.gov registration number: NCT06237244).</p>","PeriodicalId":46477,"journal":{"name":"ARYA Atherosclerosis","volume":"21 1","pages":"44-53"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12091249/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144121116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Public awareness and knowledge of stroke risk factors and symptoms in Saudi Arabia: A cross-sectional study.","authors":"Nouf Khaled A Alrawili, Sadeem N Alanazi, Shahad N Alanazi, Hind A Rikabi, Eman Mohamed Abdulkareem, Lina Eltaib","doi":"10.48305/arya.2025.43466.3027","DOIUrl":"10.48305/arya.2025.43466.3027","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Stroke is a critical global health issue characterized by sudden neurological dysfunction due to disrupted blood flow to the brain. This study aims to enhance understanding of stroke by examining its risk factors, symptoms, and prevention strategies. This was a cross-sectional study conducted in Saudi Arabia; the research involved a random sample of 442 participants over two months in 2024. The findings revealed that 63% of respondents were female, with the majority (64%) aged between 20-40 years, and 76% had university education. The overall knowledge level regarding stroke was moderate, at 62%. Of the 275 participants from the Northern Border Region, 60% demonstrated knowledge regarding risk factors, 58% regarding signs and symptoms, and 60% regarding treatment options. These results highlight a significant gap in knowledge among the Saudi public, particularly in understanding stroke's general aspects, risk factors, symptoms, and treatment options. The study emphasizes the importance of early recognition of stroke symptoms, summarized by the F.A.S.T. acronym, for timely medical intervention. It underscores the necessity for improved public education and awareness campaigns to enhance understanding and potentially reduce the impact of stroke in the community. A multifaceted approach integrating awareness, lifestyle modifications, and medical management is essential for effective stroke prevention and improved quality of life for individuals at risk.</p>","PeriodicalId":46477,"journal":{"name":"ARYA Atherosclerosis","volume":"21 4","pages":"26-35"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12398702/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144973580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The mechanism of vascular adhesion molecule-1 in an ischemia-reperfusion cardia model.","authors":"Seyedamirhossein Zarei, Afshin Nazari, Farzaneh Chehelcheraghi, Mehdi Birjandi, Roxana Karbaschi","doi":"10.48305/arya.2025.43457.3025","DOIUrl":"10.48305/arya.2025.43457.3025","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Vascular adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) is involved in promoting inflammation within blood vessels, activating endothelial cells, and is a key factor in the progression of diabetic vasculopathy in rats with diabetes, contributing to the underlying pathophysiological processes. This study focused on the expression level of VCAM-1 in diabetic rats subjected to a six-week schedule of aerobic training and valerian supplements.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Fifty male Wistar rats' hearts were removed under deep anesthesia and were studied using Lutgendorf's apparatus. They were divided into five groups (10 each): Healthy control (C), Diabetic control (DC), Diabetic with valerian (DV), Diabetic with exercise (DE), and Diabetic with valerian and exercise (DVE). Diabetes was induced in the animals by administering a shot of STZ (50 mg/kg) in their abdominal area. Following confirmation of diabetes in the animals, moderate exercise five days a week, combined with intraperitoneal administration of 200 mg/kg/day of valerian, was maintained for six weeks. Heart tissue was obtained from diabetic cardiac ischemia-reperfusion model (CI/RM) injury (n=40) and control rats (n=10).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>VCAM-1 expression and histological parameters were not observed when comparing experimental and control groups. However, the exercise/valerian treatment (E + V) notably reduced the irregularity in cardiac tissue and increased the size of cardiomyocytes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings suggest that E + V extract could diminish the levels of diabetic cardiac complications. Also, it had a dual effect: it corrected cardiac tissue abnormalities and increased the size of cardiomyocytes, enhancing the overall structure and function of the heart. More research is needed to understand non-pharmacological complementary treatments in this area.</p>","PeriodicalId":46477,"journal":{"name":"ARYA Atherosclerosis","volume":"21 4","pages":"44-54"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12398703/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144973621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The study of electrocardiographic changes in 5-15 years old children referred with chest pain to Hajar and Imam Ali hospitals in Shahrekord, Southwestern Iran, in year 2017.","authors":"Nabiolah Asadpour, Mohammad Reza Malekahmadi, Soleiman Kheiri, Mohammad Esmaeili","doi":"10.48305/arya.2024.31309","DOIUrl":"10.48305/arya.2024.31309","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Chest pain is a common complaint among children referred to treatment centers. This study aimed to investigate the electrocardiographic changes in children aged 5-15 years with chest pain referred to Hajar and Imam Ali Hospitals of Shahrekord.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this descriptive-analytic study, 350 children with chest pain who were referred to Hajar and Imam Ali Hospitals were included. After clinical examination, electrocardiography was performed. Echocardiography was conducted in cases with electrocardiographic changes, and CPK-MB and troponin I tests were performed if required. Data were analyzed using SPSS-22 software.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The children's ages ranged from 5 to 15 years, with a mean of 10.6 ± 2.7 years. Abnormal electrocardiographic findings were observed in 28 (8%) of the 350 children. Findings included left axis deviation (2.6%), ST elevation (2.9%), ST depression (0.3%), shortened PR interval (0.9%), delta wave changes (0.06%), and cardiac hypertrophy (0.9%). Echocardiography was performed in 70 cases (23.33%), of which 28 (40%) were normal and 42 (60%) had abnormal findings. Mild changes were observed in 39 cases (55.7%), moderate changes in 2 cases (2.9%), and elevated pulmonary arterial pressure in 1 case (1.4%). Thirty girls (8.5%) and 12 boys (3.4%) experienced tachycardia, while 1 boy (0.2%) presented with bradycardia. Troponin I tests were conducted on 2 boys, with both results being negative.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Given the importance of heart disease, electrocardiography is recommended for all children presenting with chest pain. Electrocardiography may also serve as a valuable tool for screening heart disease in such cases.</p>","PeriodicalId":46477,"journal":{"name":"ARYA Atherosclerosis","volume":"21 1","pages":"15-21"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12091252/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144121119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ischemic heart disease attributable to dietary risk factors in the North Africa and Middle East (NAME) region: An analysis of data from the global burden of disease study 1990-2019.","authors":"Noushin Mohammadifard, Kamran Mehrabani-Zeinabad, Fahimeh Haghighatdoost, Motahare Bateni, Ali Mokdad, Mohsen Naghavi, Sheikh Mohammed Shariful Islam, Nizal Sarrafzadegan, Gbd Name Ihd Collaborators","doi":"10.48305/arya.2025.45265.3058","DOIUrl":"10.48305/arya.2025.45265.3058","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Diet is an important risk factor for ischemic heart disease (IHD), but its effects on IHD and trends in the North Africa and Middle East (NAME) region are unknown. We aimed to evaluate the burden of different dietary risk factors on mortality and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) attributable to IHD in the NAME region from 1990 to 2019.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The data and estimations were extracted from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2019 Global Health Data Exchange. The proportion of IHD burden due to dietary risks was estimated through a comparative risk assessment approach. We calculated the mortality and DALYs rate attributable to diet for IHD using disease-specific population attributable fractions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The age-standardized rate of IHD mortality and DALYs attributed to dietary risk in the NAME region were 102.1 (95% uncertainty interval (UI): 81.0-121.1) and 2060.6 (95% UI: 1630.7-2471.2), respectively. These rates were higher than the global estimates for mortality (62.4 [95% UI: 51.0-73.6]) and DALYs (1271.3 [95% UI: 1061.3-1473.8]) and were greater in men than in women. Suboptimal diet contributed to 46.6% of IHD mortality and 49.5% of related DALYs. Low whole-grain intake was the leading dietary risk across all countries and years, responsible for 44.5 [95% UI: 18.6-57.1] IHD mortalities and 912.8 [95% UI: 369.7-1177.8] DALYs per 100,000.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Despite a decline in the burden of IHD attributable to diet in the NAME region, it remains substantially high. There exists considerable potential for enhancing dietary quality, particularly through the increased incorporation of whole grains.</p>","PeriodicalId":46477,"journal":{"name":"ARYA Atherosclerosis","volume":"21 6","pages":"30-50"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12747298/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145865803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}