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North America's Amish-Mennonites Adopt Abroad: The Ideologies and Institutional Conditions that Cracked the Homogeneity of an Ethnic Religion. 北美的阿米什门诺派在国外接受：打破种族宗教同质性的意识形态和制度条件
IF 0.9 3区 哲学
Social Compass Pub Date : 2023-09-01 Epub Date: 2023-08-27 DOI: 10.1177/00377686231185930
Cory Anderson, Jennifer Anderson
{"title":"North America's Amish-Mennonites Adopt Abroad: The Ideologies and Institutional Conditions that Cracked the Homogeneity of an Ethnic Religion.","authors":"Cory Anderson, Jennifer Anderson","doi":"10.1177/00377686231185930","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00377686231185930","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Under what social conditions would ethnic sectarians in developed countries engage in inter-country adoption, grafting ethnically-racially diverse children into their homogenous contexts? In this article, we present a case study of Amish-Mennonite adoption-oriented children's homes in underdeveloped countries. As the ethnic-sectarian, family-oriented, evangelical Amish-Mennonites meet little success proselytizing adults, adoption-oriented children's home allowed adoptive parents to demonstrate their commitment to mission while maintaining sectarian-style control over a child's socialization. Ultimately, the children's homes were short-lived, coming and going based on larger geo-political dynamics, signaling that this unusual international adoption project is internally motivated but enabled and constrained by larger institutional contexts. Though the actual percent of inter-country adoptees to Amish-Mennonite homes is small, this case demonstrates that the right combination of values and broader political dynamics create conditions facilitating migration of children from lesser developed countries into wealthy contexts, a process cracking - even if not fully opening - Amish-Mennonite ethnic/racial homogeneity.</p>","PeriodicalId":46442,"journal":{"name":"Social Compass","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10883082/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48230925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
La « sécularisation » des discours et des pratiques en contexte islamique : le cas du Parti pour la justice et le développement au Maroc 伊斯兰语境下话语和实践的“世俗化”:以摩洛哥正义与发展党为例
IF 0.9 3区 哲学
Social Compass Pub Date : 2023-07-13 DOI: 10.1177/00377686231180380
Anca Munteanu, Haouès Seniguer
{"title":"La « sécularisation » des discours et des pratiques en contexte islamique : le cas du Parti pour la justice et le développement au Maroc","authors":"Anca Munteanu, Haouès Seniguer","doi":"10.1177/00377686231180380","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00377686231180380","url":null,"abstract":"By putting in the Moroccan context the concept of ‘multiple secularities’, this paper digs the process of conceptualization of ‘secularization’ at the initiative of the Islamist leader, Saadeddine al-Othmani. The latter supported the acceptability of a secular principle adequate to religion, its symbols and their presence in the political and public space. Through the analysis of his writings as well as of other leaders’ discourses, this article follows the compromises between religious and secular revendications during the process of conceptualization inside the PJD-MUR. Using the theories of ‘secularization’ and ‘de-théologisation’, this study highlights the strategy of ‘rejection’ and ‘adaptation’ developed by the PJD. Rejecting the hypothesis of a linear secularization of Islamist ideology, it also examines the ongoing or incomplete structural mutations resulted from the ‘distinction’ ( tamiyyîz) between the party and the movement, as well as between the socio-political spheres.","PeriodicalId":46442,"journal":{"name":"Social Compass","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46847039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Smartphones and the education of religious youth in Indonesia: Highway to hell or path of righteousness? 智能手机与印尼宗教青年的教育：通往地狱的高速公路还是正义之路？
IF 0.9 3区 哲学
Social Compass Pub Date : 2023-07-10 DOI: 10.1177/00377686231182251
Erica M Larson
{"title":"Smartphones and the education of religious youth in Indonesia: Highway to hell or path of righteousness?","authors":"Erica M Larson","doi":"10.1177/00377686231182251","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00377686231182251","url":null,"abstract":"Drawing on ethnographic fieldwork in secondary schools in Manado, Indonesia, this article examines digital infrastructures and their accompanying (im)moral potentialities in the development of Christian and Muslim youth as evaluated by educators. On the one hand, smartphones are portrayed as portals to a globalizing world in which youth might succumb to negative influences (with a particular anxiety surrounding pornography) based on their perceived inchoate moral development and insufficiently strong religious foundation. On the other hand, these teachers and administrators recognize the potential that smartphones have to be used for deepening spiritual engagement, connection, and proselytization. This particular case study offers insights into the ways in which institutions charged with religious and moral development of youth seek to leverage rather than categorically reject mainstream culture, navigating the globalizing influences of the secular world toward the possibility of attaining a greater good.","PeriodicalId":46442,"journal":{"name":"Social Compass","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44777853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
I don’t think it ought to be blasphemy: Transing God(s) and post-life gender 我不认为这应该是亵渎:改变上帝和死后的性别
IF 0.9 3区 哲学
Social Compass Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.1177/00377686231176355
Ryan T. Cragun, Bethany Gull
{"title":"I don’t think it ought to be blasphemy: Transing God(s) and post-life gender","authors":"Ryan T. Cragun, Bethany Gull","doi":"10.1177/00377686231176355","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00377686231176355","url":null,"abstract":"A growing body of research has begun to explore the religious and spiritual lives of transgender and nonbinary individuals. Missing from prior sociological research on this topic is how individuals outside the gender binary conceptualize the gender of god(s) and their own genders in the afterlife. Using data from a targeted survey of members of transgender listservs and online activist groups, this study explores two specific religious/spiritual beliefs of transgender and nonbinary individuals in comparison to cisgender individuals: (1) their conception of God’s/gods’ gender(s) and (2) their conception of their own gender in the afterlife. Many trans and nonbinary participants report both their future gender and the gender of any god(s) in which they believe as nonbinary, but not exclusively.","PeriodicalId":46442,"journal":{"name":"Social Compass","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47165181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Understanding conversion to Jehovism among Indigenous peoples: The case of the Kitigan Zibi Anishinabeg 理解土著人民对耶和华教的皈依:基蒂甘人的案例
IF 0.9 3区 哲学
Social Compass Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.1177/00377686231182499
Arnaud Simard-ÉMond
{"title":"Understanding conversion to Jehovism among Indigenous peoples: The case of the Kitigan Zibi Anishinabeg","authors":"Arnaud Simard-ÉMond","doi":"10.1177/00377686231182499","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00377686231182499","url":null,"abstract":"Although present in Aboriginal communities since the early 1930s, Jehovism among Indigenous peoples in Canada and the United States has not yet been the subject of any published ethnographic, sociological, or historical study. This article presents the result of the first ethnographic study with Jehovah’s Witnesses among Aboriginal peoples in Canada. From an online field of research spanning over a period of 10 months with Anishinabe (Algonquin) Witnesses from Kitigan Zibi (Outaouais, Quebec), I explore the motivations behind the decision to become a Jehovah’s Witness for the latter. I also show that the first conversions in Kitigan Zibi are mainly due to a dual historical context that created a fertile ground for conversion. Finally, I propose the concept of ‘small-scale conversion’ as another way to conceive the intergenerational transmission of religion.","PeriodicalId":46442,"journal":{"name":"Social Compass","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42930786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Free and responsible: Sexuality, pastoral, and the art of governance in Catholic Conjugal Centres (1953–1990) 自由与负责:天主教婚姻中心的性、牧灵与管理艺术(1953-1990)
IF 0.9 3区 哲学
Social Compass Pub Date : 2023-05-19 DOI: 10.1177/00377686231170995
Anne-Sophie Crosetti
{"title":"Free and responsible: Sexuality, pastoral, and the art of governance in Catholic Conjugal Centres (1953–1990)","authors":"Anne-Sophie Crosetti","doi":"10.1177/00377686231170995","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00377686231170995","url":null,"abstract":"This article deals with a socio-historical enigma: the articulation of family planning – through dedicated centres – and catholicism. How come self-identified catholics ended up defending contraception and decriminalisation of abortion while the Catholic Church kept reminding that sexuality should be conjugal and reproductive? The article examines the process of creating a discursive and practical normativity allowing the use of contraception and abortion through a catholic ‘tool’, that is, the pastoral power at a time of secularisation. Borrowing the concept developed by Michel Foucault enables highlighting the ‘catholic governmentality’ regarding contraception and abortion, namely, the ‘responsible-freedom’.","PeriodicalId":46442,"journal":{"name":"Social Compass","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45551222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Law and political Islam’s transformations: Egyptian Islamists and the notions of a civil state and a religious party 法律和政治伊斯兰的转变:埃及伊斯兰主义者和公民国家和宗教政党的概念
IF 0.9 3区 哲学
Social Compass Pub Date : 2023-05-19 DOI: 10.1177/00377686231172082
Clément Steuer, Alexis Blouët, N. Bouras
{"title":"Law and political Islam’s transformations: Egyptian Islamists and the notions of a civil state and a religious party","authors":"Clément Steuer, Alexis Blouët, N. Bouras","doi":"10.1177/00377686231172082","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00377686231172082","url":null,"abstract":"Two notions have been at the center of the Egyptian constitutional debates since 2011: the ‘civil state’ and the ‘religious party’. The Muslim Brothers have played on the ambiguity of the notion of a ‘civil state’ as being neither secular nor theocratic, just as their understanding of an Islamic state. The Salafi al-Nūr Party has long refused to embrace the notion. Nevertheless, in 2019 it obtained from the Parliament’s Speaker a definition close to the one defended by the Muslim Brothers and endorsed it as a victory against the secular interpretation of the term. The same ambiguity appears regarding the notion of a ‘religious party’. The al-Nūr Party tried to prevent the interdiction of such parties in the 2014 Constitution. At the same time, it distances itself from the notion, and abides by the law, including Christian members, presenting female candidates, and organically separating political and religious activities.","PeriodicalId":46442,"journal":{"name":"Social Compass","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47224792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Spiritual complexity in Australia: Wellbeing and risks 澳大利亚的精神复杂性：幸福与风险
IF 0.9 3区 哲学
Social Compass Pub Date : 2023-05-09 DOI: 10.1177/00377686231162005
Anna Halafoff, A. Singleton, R. Fitzpatrick
{"title":"Spiritual complexity in Australia: Wellbeing and risks","authors":"Anna Halafoff, A. Singleton, R. Fitzpatrick","doi":"10.1177/00377686231162005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00377686231162005","url":null,"abstract":"The turn of the twenty-first century was characterised by ‘spiritual revolution’, with claims that interest in New Age spirituality was eclipsing religion and would continue to do so in the future. Since then, scholars of religion have been more focused on religious diversity and the rise of the non-religious. While interest in spirituality, uptake of spiritual practices, and identification as ‘spiritual but not religious’ have continued to grow, spirituality is typically not taken as seriously as religion, at least in political spheres or by academia. This article examines the history and contemporary dynamics of spiritual complexity in Australia, drawing on the findings of two Australian Research Council–funded studies ‘The Worldviews of Australia’s Generation Z’ and ‘Religious Diversity in Australia’ and on a recent project ‘(Con)spirituality, Science and COVID-19 in Australia’. It argues that it is certainly time for spirituality to be taken more seriously in this country and globally, given spirituality’s concern with personal and planetary wellbeing, and also the potential risks spirituality can pose due to its association with dis/misinformation, neoliberalism, and violence.","PeriodicalId":46442,"journal":{"name":"Social Compass","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48618710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Praying interaction rituals: Prayer, ritual, and spiritual capital in a contemporary neo-Guru movement 祈祷互动仪式:当代新古鲁运动中的祈祷、仪式和精神资本
IF 0.9 3区 哲学
Social Compass Pub Date : 2023-05-06 DOI: 10.1177/00377686231166516
Matteo Di Placido
{"title":"Praying interaction rituals: Prayer, ritual, and spiritual capital in a contemporary neo-Guru movement","authors":"Matteo Di Placido","doi":"10.1177/00377686231166516","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00377686231166516","url":null,"abstract":"In this article, I contribute to the development of the sociology of prayer focusing on the practice of bhaktiyoga, or yoga of devotion, within the largely influential, although substantially understudied, Mooji’s neo-Guru movement. Methodologically, I rely on the tools of reflexive sociology, autoethnography, and discourse analysis while theoretically I advance a preliminary theorization of praying interaction rituals through a coupled reading of Mauss’ early insights, Randal Collins’ Interaction Ritual Chain Theory (IRC), and the concept of spiritual capital. The article conceptualizes collective prayer as an interaction ritual chain through which the collective identity of the community is continuously reconstituted around shared rituals, and which is in turn aimed at the acquisition of spiritual capital, the most valued type of capital within Mooji’s community of devotees. Within this framework, prayer becomes essential also in the process of becoming a ‘good devotee’.","PeriodicalId":46442,"journal":{"name":"Social Compass","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41842091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Paths to the Buddhist priesthood: A qualitative study of Kōyasan priests 佛教僧侣之路:Kōyasan僧侣的质性研究
IF 0.9 3区 哲学
Social Compass Pub Date : 2023-05-06 DOI: 10.1177/00377686231162532
Charles Mueller, Miori Nagashima
{"title":"Paths to the Buddhist priesthood: A qualitative study of Kōyasan priests","authors":"Charles Mueller, Miori Nagashima","doi":"10.1177/00377686231162532","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00377686231162532","url":null,"abstract":"Factors that currently lead Japanese men to enter and remain in the Buddhist priesthood are poorly understood. This article reports the results of a qualitative study that examines the profiles of a seminary instructor and six Shingon Buddhist priests (真言) at Kōyasan guesthouse temples (高野山). The data, collected from semi-structured interviews, were analyzed with ATLAS.ti using a thematic analysis approach. The study identified seven key themes related to (1) family, (2) mentoring relationships, (3) education, (4) labor, (5) spiritual practices, (6) religious doctrines and faith, and (7) the devotion of guests. For the six priests, family connections were found to play an especially critical role in initial decisions to enter the priesthood, whereas other factors chiefly contributed to sustained commitment. The results are discussed in terms of theories of ‘costly signalling’, ego-identity statuses, and the Japanese tendency to construct personal identity within the context of social affiliations.","PeriodicalId":46442,"journal":{"name":"Social Compass","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47736016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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