Journal of Dance Medicine & Science最新文献

{"title":"Differences in the Size of Individual Plantar Intrinsic Foot Muscles Between Ballet Dancers and Non-Dancers.","authors":"Hiroshi Fukuyama, Sumiaki Maeo, Yuki Kusagawa, Takashi Sugiyama, Hiroaki Kanehisa, Tadao Isaka","doi":"10.1177/1089313X241273887","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1089313X241273887","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>In classic ballet, choreography often involves tiptoe standing. Tiptoe standing requires a high and stable foot arch structure, which is achieved by contraction of the plantar intrinsic foot muscles (PIFMs). Long-term repetitive loading with a specific movement can induce hypertrophic adaptation of the associated muscles. For dancers, however, limited information on the size of individual PIFMs is available from previous studies. The purpose of this study was to determine the differences in the sizes of 10 individual PIFMs between dancers and non-dancers.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Muscle volumes (MVs) of 10 individual PIFMs were measured using magnetic resonance imaging in 15 female dancers and 15 female non-dancers. Muscles analyzed included abductor hallucis, flexor digitorum brevis, abductor digiti minimi, quadratus plantae, lumbricals, flexor hallucis brevis, adductor hallucis oblique head, adductor hallucis transverse head, flexor digiti minimi, plantar/dorsal interossei. In addition to absolute MVs, relative MVs normalized to body mass (rMV_BM) and the percentage of individual MVs relative to the sum of 10 individual PIFM MVs (%MV_WHOLE) were calculated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The absolute MVs of 6 individual PIFMs, including the flexor digitorum brevis and lumbricals, were +16% to 59% larger in dancers than in non-dancers (P ≤ .048). The rMV_BM of all individual PIFMs were +35% to 95% larger in dancers than in non-dancers (P ≤ .019). The %MV_WHOLE of the flexor digitorum brevis and lumbricals were +10% to 36% higher (P ≤ .014) and those of the abductor digiti minimi and adductor hallucis oblique head were +8% to 11% lower (P ≤ .037) in dancers than in non-dancers.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>For all 3 MV measures, only the flexor digitorum brevis and lumbricals, which are functionally specialized for flexion of the second to fifth metatarsophalangeal joints, were consistently larger in dancers than in non-dancers. This may be due to long-term repetitive loading on these PIFMs during ballet training involving tiptoe standing.</p>","PeriodicalId":46421,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dance Medicine & Science","volume":" ","pages":"1089313X241273887"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142009659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk and Protective Factors in Dancers Exposed to Trauma.","authors":"Paula Thomson, S Victoria Jaque","doi":"10.1177/1089313X241273880","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1089313X241273880","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study examined risk and protective factors in dancers with/without posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and with/without trauma exposure.</p><p><strong>Literature review: </strong>Exposure to traumatic events and developing PTSD can compromise daily functioning and performance ability. Despite exposure many dancers adapt, whereas others suffer psychopathology such as depression, anxiety, PTSD, and difficulties regulating emotions.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Two hundred ninety two pre-professional/professional dancers provided informed consent (IRB approved) and completed 8 self-report measures. A subsample (66%) exposed to a significant traumatic event was evaluated for PTSD. Multivariate analyses of covariance (MANCOVA) were conducted to compare dancers with/without PTSD and with/without trauma exposure. A logistic regression analysis determined predictors of PTSD.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The MANCOVAs indicated that dancers exposed to trauma (66%) and who had PTSD (32%) had significantly more difficulty regulating emotions, engaged more emotion-oriented coping under stress, and had increased depression, trait anxiety, and cumulative trauma. In these group comparison analyses there were non-significant differences regarding flow experiences and task- and avoidance-oriented coping strategies. In the logistic regression analysis childhood physical and sexual abuse, childhood emotional neglect, mental illness within the family, and difficulty disclosing abuse experiences were predictors of PTSD. In the total sample 21% had PTSD.</p><p><strong>Discussion and conclusions: </strong>This study identified types of abuse/trauma, emotion regulation/coping, and psychopathology associated with PTSD in dancers exposed to trauma (66%) and with PTSD (32%). In the total sample 21% had PTSD. Regardless of exposure to trauma or PTSD, the non-significant findings indicated similarities for dancers for global and autotelic flow experiences and task- and avoidance-oriented coping strategies. These positive factors may mitigate trauma-related symptoms. It is recommended that dancers, educators, and clinicians understand the effects of trauma exposure and promote the development of effective coping strategies, emotion regulation, and flow states which may diminish the negative effects of PTSD.</p>","PeriodicalId":46421,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dance Medicine & Science","volume":" ","pages":"1089313X241273880"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141983578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A 6-Week Mindfulness-Acceptance-Commitment Intervention to Improve Professional Ballet Dancers' Psychological States Around Performance.","authors":"Carly Harrison, Scott Ruddock, Susan Mayes, Jill Cook, Paul O'Halloran, Katia Ferrar, Xia Li, Mandy Ruddock","doi":"10.1177/1089313X241272136","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1089313X241272136","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Mindfulness and acceptance-based approaches have been trialled in professional sport. The present pilot study was a randomized controlled trial with professional ballet dancers investigating the effectiveness of the Mindfulness-Acceptance-Commitment (MAC) approach, developed for athletes, compared to an education program which included topics relevant to ballet and performance. <b>Methods:</b> Participants included 16 professional ballet dancers (2 men and 14 women) who were randomly assigned into either the MAC or education group for 1 session per week, for 6 weeks. Participants were assessed pre-and post-intervention using the Mindfulness Inventory for Sport (MIS) and the Acceptance Action Questionnaire (AAQ-II). Within 2 weeks of the final mindfulness session, all participants completed a semi-structured interview. <b>Results:</b> No differences were found when comparing the questionnaire responses between pre- and post- intervention, nor between the MAC group and the control group at post intervention for all subscales. Although dancers reported in the interviews that the sessions were valuable, they advised their ability to dedicate time to mindfulness ongoing would be challenging. <b>Conclusions:</b> Mindfulness interventions, as explored in this study, show promise to promote the well-being of professional ballet dancers. For consistent and ongoing mindfulness practice, future designs should seek to embed mindfulness practice into dancer and company schedules.</p>","PeriodicalId":46421,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dance Medicine & Science","volume":" ","pages":"1089313X241272136"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141983577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quality of Life Measures in Young Pre-Professional Dancers Compared to Non-Athletes and Non-Dancer Athletes.","authors":"Andrea Stracciolini, Marina Gearhart, Bridget Quinn, Dai Sugimoto","doi":"10.1177/1089313X241272138","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1089313X241272138","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Aim:</b> To investigate quality of life (QoL) measures in a cohort of young female dancers. <b>Methods:</b> Cross-sectional survey study design was utilized to study dancers 8 to 17 years enrolled in two elite dance schools in the Boston area. The main outcome measure was the Pediatric Quality of Life (PedsQL 4.0) questionnaire, a validated QoL survey for children, with established normative values for comparison. Demographics and questions pertaining to training regimens and injury/illness history were also included. Sub-groups (8-11 years, 12-14 years, and 15-17 years) were created to analyze outcomes by age. <b>Results:</b> One hundred and forty emails were delivered, 72 were completed and included in the final data analysis (51.4%). The median scores for physical, psychosocial, emotional, social, and school PedsQL sub-scales were 87.5, 90.0, 80.0, 100.0, and 92.5, respectively. The median score of the total PedsQL scores was 88.8. No difference in QoL outcomes by age group was found (physical: <i>P</i> = .328; psychosocial: <i>P</i> = .918; emotional: <i>P</i> = .673; social: <i>P</i> = .573; school: <i>P</i> = 0.962; total: <i>P</i> = 0.766). 52.5% of the participants responded that they regularly perform in shows. Median hours/week of dance rehearsal was 10 hours (mean ± standard deviation: 10.3 ± 4.9; 95% CI: 9.0, 11.6; IQR: 7.0, 13.5; range: 2.0, 20.0) and 68.9% reported they practice and rehearse throughout the entire calendar year as opposed to solely during the school year; most dancers reported participating in dance 11 months (median value) per year (mean ± standard deviation: 10.7 ± 0.8; 95% CI: 10.5, 11.0; IQR: 10.0, 11.0; range: 9.0, 12.0). <b>Conclusion:</b> QoL measures for young female dancers were higher relative to existing data for the general population and lower compared to other sports participation. These results will support the social, emotional, and physical health of young dancers.</p>","PeriodicalId":46421,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dance Medicine & Science","volume":" ","pages":"1089313X241272138"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141890398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Low Body Fat Percentage and Menstrual Cycle Disorders in Female Elite Adolescent Dancers.","authors":"Zijian Liu, Yining Gong, Hideaki Nagamoto, Takumi Okunuki, Ryusei Yamaguchi, Yusuke Kobayashi, Yanshu Li, Toshihiro Maemichi, Tsukasa Kumai","doi":"10.1177/1089313X241227282","DOIUrl":"10.1177/1089313X241227282","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Introduction:</b> The menstrual cycle is an important indicator of health in female athletes. Female elite adolescent dancers are expected to control their weight while also training intensely, which can lead to menstrual disorders. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between body composition and menstrual status in female elite adolescent dancers. <b>Methods</b>: In total, 131 female elite adolescent dancers (age: 15.9 ± 1.5 years) were enrolled in this study. We measured the height, weight, and body fat percentage (BFP) for each participant and calculated their body mass index (BMI). We gathered information on individual menstruation patterns and the participants' menstrual cycles over the previous year using recall methods. We then compared the differences between dancers with menstrual cycle disorders and those without. Primary amenorrhea was defined as menarche occurring after the age of 15, while secondary amenorrhe was defined as experiencing fewer than 5 or no menstrual periods for at least 3 of the previous 12 months. We conducted a reliability test using the same questionnaire 2 weeks later. Statistical significance was defined as <i>P</i> < .05, and we calculated the effect sizes (d) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). <b>Results</b>: The average BMI and BFP were 22.6 ± 3.0% and 19.4 ± 2.2 kg/m², respectively. Low BFP and low BMI were observed in 51 (38.6%) and 47 (35.6%) participants, respectively. Primary amenorrhea in 3 participants (2.3%) and 29 (22.1%) reported experiencing secondary amenorrhea; they had lower BFP than the dancers who did not experience amenorrhea (<i>P</i> = .041, 95% CI, -2.51 to -0.05). <b>Conclusion</b>: Female elite adolescent dancers in China may have lower BFP and menstrual problems. Given that lower BFP may contribute to the occurrence of menstruation disorders, it is essential to pay an attention to both BFP and the menstruation status in female elite adolescent dancers.</p>","PeriodicalId":46421,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dance Medicine & Science","volume":" ","pages":"109-116"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139571887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Five Common Preparatory Approaches on Grand Jeté Biomechanics.","authors":"Victoria Weigand, G Monique Mokha","doi":"10.1177/1089313X241228894","DOIUrl":"10.1177/1089313X241228894","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Introduction:</b> The grand jeté requires grace and proper biomechanics to produce the iconic glide through the air. Understanding how the preceding choreographed movements affect take-off and flight may influence teaching and training. We sought to examine the effects of 5 common preparatory approaches on grand jeté biomechanics. <b>Methods:</b> One male and 19 female dancers (19.3 ± 1.4 years; 1.61 ± 0.05 m; 58.1 ± 7.3 kg) with 12.5 ± 4.8 years of formal ballet experience performed grand jetés from run, chaine, chasse, assemble, and step-step approaches. Plié angle (deg), vGRF (BW), leap height (m), and leap distance (m) were measured with a motion analysis system and a force plate. One-way repeated measures ANOVAs were conducted to compare variables between approaches and Bonferroni tests were used for pairwise comparisons. <b>Results:</b> Plié depth, vGRF, leap height, and leap distance were all significantly different (<i>P</i> < .001). Plié angles (43.6-68.2 deg) were deepest for the assemble and shallowest for the run. vGRF (2.46-3.81 BW) were greatest for the assemble versus all but the run, and smallest for the chaine. Leap height (0.33-0.41 m) was highest for the run versus the chaine and step-step, but not versus assemble. Height was lowest for the chaine. Leap distance (0.24-1.03 m) was longest for the run and shortest for the assemble. <b>Conclusions:</b> The run approach optimizes the float through the air illusion (high leap height and distance) through applying high vGRF but moderate plié angles. The chasse approach is the next most optimal. The 2-legged assemble requires deeper plié angles to achieve height but produces shorter horizontal distances. Single leg plié training may enhance grand jeté performance and reduce injury risk from approaches such as the run, chaine, chasse, and step-step.<b>Level of Evidence</b>: Level 2.</p>","PeriodicalId":46421,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dance Medicine & Science","volume":" ","pages":"117-124"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139693218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perspectives and Experiences of Dance-Related Injuries: A Qualitative Survey of Adolescent Pre-Professional Ballet Dancers in Australia.","authors":"Natalie Cheers, Mark Matheson, Ian Skinner, Cherie Wells","doi":"10.1177/1089313X231224011","DOIUrl":"10.1177/1089313X231224011","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> To explore perspectives and experiences of adolescent ballet dancers in Australia in relation to dance-related injuries and their impact, injury risk factors, prevention, and treatment. <b>Design:</b> Adolescent ballet dancers aged from 12 to 19 years in Australia were invited to participate in an online qualitative survey. <b>Methods:</b> Responses to open-ended questions were analyzed thematically using grounded theory while quantitative information was summarized with descriptive statistics and triangulated with qualitative data. <b>Results:</b> Nineteen adolescent dancers reported experiencing pain and multiple injuries but hiding or ignoring injuries due to fear. Dancers recognized the significant physical and psycho-social impact of dance-related injuries on themselves and others. Several risks and injury prevention strategies were identified by dancers. Dancers perceived that treatments were not always informed or effective. <b>Conclusion:</b> Findings suggest that adolescent ballet dancers experience multiple dance-related injuries but require support to disclose injuries, participate in injury prevention, and access treatment. Health professionals may improve quality of care by increasing their understanding of ballet and providing specific management advice. Dance teachers may benefit from further education to support their students. Clinical trials are required to confirm or negate the validity of proposed injury risks and the effectiveness of injury prevention strategies and treatments.</p>","PeriodicalId":46421,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dance Medicine & Science","volume":" ","pages":"90-108"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139571888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aerobic and Anaerobic Fitness Levels of Pre-Professional Contemporary Dancers: An Exploration of 2 Dance-Specific Field Tests.","authors":"Annemiek Tiemens, Rogier M van Rijn, Bart W Koes, Janine H Stubbe","doi":"10.1177/1089313X231213139","DOIUrl":"10.1177/1089313X231213139","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The primary aim of this study was to present descriptive heart rate (HR), heart rate recovery (HRR) and RPE data for the DAFT and HIDT within one sample of contemporary dance students. The second aim was to explore if objective (HR) and subjective (RPE) data were correlated between tests.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>40 (11 males, 29 females) university dance students with a mean age of 18.8 ± 1.8 years performed the DAFT and HIDT on 2 separate occasions within 1 week. Measurements were HR after 4 minutes in all stages of the DAFT, the percentage of age-predicted maximal HR (%HR_max) of all stages of the DAFT and at the end of the HIDT, and peak HR (HR_peak) at the end of both tests. Subjective ratings of perceived exertion (RPE) and HR recovery after 1 minute of rest (HRR) were determined after the tests.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>HR_peak of the DAFT and HIDT were 188.1 ± 11.0 and 185.3 ± 7.3 beats·min^-1, respectively. There were high positive correlations between HR_peak of the HIDT and stages 3 to 5 of the DAFT (r = 0.716-0.740, all <i>P</i>-values < .01). HRR (<i>r</i> = .678, <i>P</i> < .01) and %HR_max (<i>r</i> = .746, <i>P</i> < .01) showed moderate to high correlations between the DAFT and HIDT. The anaerobic training zone was reached in stages 4 and 5 of the DAFT and at the end of the HIDT. The subjective RPE scores did not significantly correlate between DAFT and HIDT, neither with objective HR data.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Although the DAFT and HIDT differ in intensity and work-to-rest ratio, there were high correlations between HR and HRR data of both tests and both tests reached intensities above the anaerobic threshold (%HR_max > 85%).</p>","PeriodicalId":46421,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dance Medicine & Science","volume":" ","pages":"83-89"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138435234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dancers Show More Accurate Trunk-Pelvic Joint Angle Reproduction While Wearing a Jacket Augmented With Elastic Bands.","authors":"James Hackney, Sarah Wilcoxon, Jon Tallerico, Matthew Palmer, Ashleigh Waltz, Kyle Stringer, Andrew Hall","doi":"10.1177/1089313X241232446","DOIUrl":"10.1177/1089313X241232446","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Purpose:</b> The Backalast^® compression jacket is intended to improve posture and proprioception of the trunk and shoulder girdle for dancers and dance students during dance training by way of elastic bands in the rear of the garment (which include bands enclosing the inferior thorax). This study was intended to investigate whether there is evidence to support those objectives. <b>Materials and Methods:</b> Fifteen dance students participated (4 male, mean age 19.9 ± 1.4 years old). The dependent variables of trunk-pelvis angle and proximity of trunk axis to global vertical for each participant were measured using optical motion capture before and after the completion of a series of trunk movements. The Helen Hayes model, which we used to represent the trunk, includes the shoulder girdles as part of the trunk. We compared the effect of the type of garment (Backalast^® or control compression shirt) worn upon the 2 dependent variables, within-subject with paired <i>t</i>-tests. The order of whether Backalast^® or control compression shirt was worn first was alternated between participants. <b>Results:</b> The pre/posttest difference in trunk proprioception as represented by the construct of ability to reproduce trunk-pelvis angle wearing the Backalast^® was 0.8° ± 0.8°, but for the control shirt, the difference was 1.8° ± 1.4°, <i>P</i> = .03. The difference between garments in vertical trunk alignment, measured after the series of trunk movements, was not significant. <b>Conclusion:</b> Our findings suggest that the Backalast^® can help enhance trunk proprioception when compared to the control compression shirt, although it did not change the angle at which the participants' held their trunks while standing erect (proximity to global vertical).</p>","PeriodicalId":46421,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dance Medicine & Science","volume":" ","pages":"125-131"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139933545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Blood Lactate and Heart Rate Responses Between Active and Passive Recovery Modes Over a 15-Minute Recovery Period in Female Dancers After Kathak Dance.","authors":"Seema Chopra, Sarah Needham-Beck, Jatin P Ambegaonkar","doi":"10.1177/1089313X231213119","DOIUrl":"10.1177/1089313X231213119","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Introduction:</b> Dance is physically demanding and results in blood lactate (BL) accumulation and elevated Heart Rate (HR). Researchers recommend using either Active Recovery (AR; eg, low-to-moderate intensity-exercise) or Passive Recovery (PR; eg, complete rest) modes after activity. We compared BL and HR responses between AR or PR over a 15-minute recovery period following a Kathak dance. <b>Methods:</b> Twelve female dancers (31.0 ± 6.0 years; 161.5 ± 4.9 cm; 55.5 ± 5.8 kg) performed 2 dance testing sessions (Day 1 = AR, Day 2 = PR) 48 hours apart. Each session started with a 10-minute warm up followed by dancers performing four 2-minute stages of Kathak dance, with three 1-minute periods between stages where we recorded HR and their Rate of Perceived Exertion (RPE:scale = 6-20) to match the intensity of both sessions. Post-dance, we recorded dancers' BL and HR at 1, 3, 5, 10, and 15 minutes while they recovered via AR or PR. Separate 2(mode) × (time) Repeated-Measures-ANOVA followed by simple-main-effects testing and adjusted Bonferroni-pairwise-comparisons examined differences in BL and HR responses across modes and time(α = .05). <b>Results:</b> Dancers' HR and RPE were similar across sessions. No mode × time interaction existed in BL (<i>F</i>_4,8 = 3.6, <i>P</i> = .06). BL levels were similar across modes (<i>F</i>_1,2 = 0.5, <i>P</i> = .5). BL levels reduced over time (<i>F</i>_4,8 = 6.0, <i>P</i> = .02), but Bonferroni-comparisons did not reveal any pairwise differences. In HR a significant mode*time interaction (<i>F</i>_4,36 = 11.0, <i>P</i> = .01, η² = .55) was observed. Both Active and Passive recovery modes achieved absolute HR levels by 15 minutes, with PR mode stabilizing within 5 minutes. <b>Conclusions:</b> Over a 15-minute recovery period after Kathak dance, dancers' BL and HR responses were similar across time in both AR and PR, with HR being higher in AR. Dancers' HR remained similar from 1 to 3 minute post dance recovery and then dropped over time. Thus, dancers can rest up to 3 minutes and still maintain the same elevated HR. Overall, dancers can choose either AR or PR as their recovery mode based on their individual preferences.</p>","PeriodicalId":46421,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dance Medicine & Science","volume":" ","pages":"75-82"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138478923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}