{"title":"LETTER: The Effect of Mental Disorders on Caregiver Workforce Participation: The Hidden Societal Cost.","authors":"Jens Peter Eckardt","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>No abstract.</p>","PeriodicalId":46381,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mental Health Policy and Economics","volume":"26 3","pages":"131"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41151836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Maddison N North, Alex R Dopp, Jane F Silovsky, Marylou Gilbert, Jeanne S Ringel
{"title":"Perspectives on Financing Strategies for Evidence-Based Treatment Implementation in Youth Mental Health Systems.","authors":"Maddison N North, Alex R Dopp, Jane F Silovsky, Marylou Gilbert, Jeanne S Ringel","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Evidence-based treatments (EBTs) are critical to effectively address mental health problems among children and adolescents, but costly for mental health service agencies to implement and sustain. Financing strategies help agencies overcome cost-related barriers by obtaining financial resources to support EBT implementation and/or sustainment.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>We sought to (i) understand how youth mental health system decision-makers involved with EBT implementation and sustainment view key features (e.g., relevance, feasibility) that inform financing strategy selection and (ii) compare service agency, funding agency, and intermediary representative perspectives.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Two surveys were disseminated to 48 representatives across U.S. youth mental health service agencies, funding agencies, and intermediaries who were participating in a larger study of financing strategies. Quantitative and qualitative data were gathered on 23 financing strategies through quantitative ratings and open-ended responses. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and rapid content analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The financing strategies rated as most relevant include braided funding streams, contracts for EBTs, credentialing/rostering providers, fee-for-service reimbursement (regular and increased), and grant funding. All other strategies were unfamiliar to 1/3 to 1/2 of participants. The six strategies were rated between somewhat and quite available, feasible, and effective for EBT sustainment. For sustaining different EBT components (e.g., delivery, materials), the mix of financing strategies was rated as somewhat adequate. Qualitative analysis revealed challenges with strategies being non-recurring or unavailable in representatives' regions. Ratings were largely similar across participant roles, though funding agency representatives were the most familiar with financing strategies.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Despite the breadth of innovative financing strategies, expert representatives within the youth mental health services ecosystem had limited knowledge of most options. Experts relied on strategies that were familiar but often did not adequately support EBT implementation or sustainment. These findings underscore more fundamental issues with under-resourced mental health systems in the U.S.; financing strategies can help agencies navigate EBT use but must be accompanied by larger-scale system reforms. Limitations include difficulties generalizing results due to using a small sample familiar with EBTs, high agreement as a potential function of snowball recruiting, and limited responses to the open-ended survey questions.</p><p><strong>Implications for health care provision and use: </strong>Although EBTs have been found to effectively address mental health problems in children and adolescents, available strategies for financing their implementation and sustainment in mental h","PeriodicalId":46381,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mental Health Policy and Economics","volume":"26 3","pages":"115-190"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10947519/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41170299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jennifer L Humensky, Michael C Freed, Susan T Azrin, Mary Acri, Denise Pintello
{"title":"PERSPECTIVE: Economic and Policy Research Interests Highlighted in the 25th NIMH-Sponsored Mental Health Services Research Conference.","authors":"Jennifer L Humensky, Michael C Freed, Susan T Azrin, Mary Acri, Denise Pintello","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) remains committed to addressing real-world challenges with delivering high quality mental health care to people in need by advancing a services research agenda to improve access, continuity, quality, equity, and value of mental healthcare nationwide, and to improve outcomes for people with serious mental illnesses (SMI). The NIMH-Sponsored Mental Health Services Research Conference (MHSR) is a highly productive venue for discussing topics of interest to NIMH audiences and disseminating NIMH's latest research findings directly to mental health clinicians, policy makers, administrators, advocates, consumers, and scientists who attend.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>This Perspective summarizes and provides highlights from the 25th MHSR. It also reviews three papers presented at the 25th MSHR and subsequently published in the June 2023 special issue of The Journal of Mental Health Policy and Economics (JMHPE).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The authors review three papers published in the June 2023 special issue of JMHPE, identifying common themes across the papers and illustrating how the papers' findings promote key areas of NIMH research interests.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Three important areas are highlighted in this review: (i) service user engagement in the research enterprise, (ii) financing the implementation of the 988 Suicide and Crisis Lifeline, and (iii) methods to predict mental health workforce turnover.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>These three papers illustrate key areas in which policy research can help to promote quality mental health care. One notable common theme across the papers is that of the role that end users play in the research enterprise. The papers focus on (i) service users and the value they bring to informing the practice of research, (ii) policy makers and the information they need to make evidence-informed decisions, and (iii) provider organization leadership, by using an innovative machine learning process to help organizations predict and address staff turnover.</p><p><strong>Implications for health care: </strong>NIMH encourages and often requires strong research practice partnerships to help ensure findings will be of value to end users and make their way into the practice setting. The three papers reviewed in this perspective are exemplars of how necessary stakeholder partnerships are to improve care for those with mental illness.</p><p><strong>Implications for health policies: </strong>The highlighted papers (i) provide recommendations for structural changes to research institutions to increase service user engagement in all aspects of the research enterprise, (ii) identify policy solutions to improve fiscal readiness to address increased demand of 988, and (iii) pilot a novel data-driven approach to predict mental health workforce turnover, a significant problem in community mental health clinics, offering health system ","PeriodicalId":46381,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mental Health Policy and Economics","volume":"26 3","pages":"109-114"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11040969/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41171276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Editorial.","authors":"","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46381,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mental Health Policy and Economics","volume":"18 4","pages":"163-4"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143744186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dennis. Stant, V. Busschbach, M. D. Vugt, H. Michon
{"title":"A Rehabilitation Intervention to Help People with Severe Mental Illness Obtain and Keep a Paid Job","authors":"Dennis. Stant, V. Busschbach, M. D. Vugt, H. Michon","doi":"10.1016/J.JVAL.2012.08.809","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/J.JVAL.2012.08.809","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46381,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mental Health Policy and Economics","volume":"50 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2012-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82034370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The civilian labor market experiences of Vietnam-era veterans: the influence of psychiatric disorders","authors":"Elizabeth Savoca, Robert Rosenheck","doi":"10.1002/mhp.102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/mhp.102","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background:</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Most research on the civilian labor market experiences of veterans has focused on the extent to which the skills and experience acquired in the military are rewarded in the civilian employment sector. While studies have been mindful of the need to analyze this question in a multivariate framework, controlling for other factors that might independently affect labor market outcomes, they have met this goal with limited success. As a result, an important element of the employment and wage determination process—psychiatric health—has been absent from this literature.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims of the study:</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Using a nationally representative survey of Vietnam-era veterans, this study analyzes the contribution of psychiatric health toward explaining differences in the post-service civilian wages, hours worked, and employment probabilities among male veterans.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods:</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The analysis is based on data from the National Survey of the Vietnam Generation, a survey, completed in the late 1980s, of persons who were on active duty during the years of the Vietnam War, 1964–1975. Three outcome variables are studied—the hourly wage rate, usual hours worked per week, and a 0–1 indicator for whether the respondent is currently working. Lifetime diagnoses of four categories of mental disorders—major depression, anxiety disorders, substance abuse/dependence, and combat-related posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)—were constructed from the US NIMH Diagnostic Interview Schedule, administered by the survey. The employment probability equation was estimated using probit; the hourly earnings and hours worked equations via ordinary least squares conditioned on being employed.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results:</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The study finds that PTSD significantly lowered the likelihood of working and, for those veterans who were working, their hourly wages. On average, a veteran with a lifetime diagnosis of PTSD was 8.5 percentage points less likely to be currently working than was a veteran who did not meet diagnostic criteria. Among those who were employed, veterans with PTSD earned, on average, $2.38 less per hour ($3.61 in 1999 U.S. dollars). Anxiety disorders and major depression had nearly as large an effect on employment rates, as did PTSD. Major depression was also found to have lowered hourly wages by an average of $6.77 per hour ($10.17 in 1999 US dollars). However, psychiatric health did not affect typical hours worked per week.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Discussion:</h3>\u0000 \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":46381,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mental Health Policy and Economics","volume":"3 4","pages":"199-207"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2001-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/mhp.102","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72160693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Abstract translations","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/mhp.106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/mhp.106","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46381,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mental Health Policy and Economics","volume":"3 4","pages":"219-221"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2001-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/mhp.106","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72160526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Gavin Andrews M.D., Kristy Sanderson, Justine Corry, Helen M. Lapsley
{"title":"Using epidemiological data to model efficiency in reducing the burden of depression†","authors":"Gavin Andrews M.D., Kristy Sanderson, Justine Corry, Helen M. Lapsley","doi":"10.1002/mhp.96","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/mhp.96","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background:</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The Global Burden of Disease study has suggested that mental disorders are the leading cause of disability burden in the world. This study takes the leading cause of mental disorder burden, depression, and trials an approach for defining the present and optimal efficiency of treatment in an Australian setting.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims of the Study:</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To examine epidemiological and service use data for depression to trial an approach for modelling (i) the burden that is currently averted from current care, (ii) the burden that is potentially avertable from a hypothetical regime of optimal care, (iii) the efficiency or cost-effectiveness of both current and optimal services for depression and (iv) the potential of current knowledge for reducing burden due to depression, by applying the WHO five-step method for priorities for investment in health research and development.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods:</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Effectiveness and efficiency were calculated in disability adjusted life years (DALYs) averted by adjusting the disability weight for people who received efficacious treatment. Data on service use and treatment outcome were obtained from a variety of secondary sources, including the Australian National Survey of Mental Health and Wellbeing, and efficacy of individual treatments from published meta-analyses expressed in effect sizes. Direct costs were estimated from published sources.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results:</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Fifty-five percent of people with depression had had some contact with either primary care or specialist services. Effective coverage of depression was low, with only 32% of cases receiving efficacious treatment that could have lessened their severity (averted disability). In contrast, a proposed model of optimal care for the population management of depression provided increased treatment contacts and a better outcome. In terms of efficiency, optimal care dominated current care, with more health gain for less expenditure (28 632 DALYs were averted at a cost of AUD295 million with optimal care, versus 19 297 DALYs averted at a cost of AUD720 million with current care). However, despite the existence of efficacious technologies for treating depression, only 13% of the burden was averted from present active treatment, primarily because of the low effective coverage. Potentially avertable burden is nearly three times this, if effective treatments can be delivered in appropriate amounts to all those who need it.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Discussion:</h3>\u0000 \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":46381,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mental Health Policy and Economics","volume":"3 4","pages":"175-186"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2001-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/mhp.96","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72160525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"State parity legislation and changes in health insurance and perceived access to care among individuals with mental illness: 1996–1998†","authors":"Roland Sturm Ph.D. Senior Economist","doi":"10.1002/mhp.97","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/mhp.97","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background:</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The 1990's witnessed a new wave of state and federal legislation affecting mental health insurance in the United States. Although patient advocacy groups have hailed the passage of numerous ‘parity’ laws that require insurance coverage for mental illnesses to equal that for physical ailments, it is unclear whether this activity represents a major improvement in insurance benefits among mentally ill or significantly increases their access to care.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims:</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This paper contrasts how insurance coverage has changed among individuals with mental health problems in states with and without parity legislation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods:</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>National survey data from 1996 to 1998, subset to a panel of 1220 individuals exceeding clinical screeners for a mental health disorder. Dependent variables are change in insurance status, insurance generosity and perception of access to care. The analysis contrasts changes in dependent variables between states with and without parity legislation (a difference-in-differences analysis).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results:</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>There are no statistical significant effects of state parity; point estimates suggest that parity mandates are associated with a slightly higher number of mentally ill reporting improved insurance generosity and access to care, but also with a higher number of mentally ill losing all insurance coverage in parity states. The estimated effects are too small to be statistically significant, although the sample size is limited and the study had only good statistical power to detect large effects.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Discussion:</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>At the population level, state parity legislation appears to have not had large effects on the insurance coverage of the group that was intended as the primary beneficiary of legislation. Likely reasons include the limited scope of the actual legal requirements and large numbers of mentally ill that are not covered by health insurance subject to such legislation. The results do not exclude the possibility that some subgroups experienced substantial improvements in their insurance coverage. At the population level, large effects experienced by small subgroup are diluted by groups that experienced no similar changes. However, parity legislation was not considered a minor issue by advocates and opponents and this analysis has the statistical power to detect the sizeable differences that were argued in the policy debate.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":46381,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mental Health Policy and Economics","volume":"3 4","pages":"209-213"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2001-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/mhp.97","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72160698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}