Journal of Applied Laboratory Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Creatinine Delta: Improving Critical Call Thresholds for Acute Kidney Injury Detection.","authors":"Jillian Kodger, Rohit B Sangal, Aldo J Peixoto, Dennis G Moledina, Dustin Miconi, Joe M El-Khoury","doi":"10.1093/jalm/jfaf075","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jalm/jfaf075","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46361,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Laboratory Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144162750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Atypical Appearance of Lipoprotein X on Agarose Gel Electrophoresis.","authors":"Riona Singh-Gansan, Jean Pienaar, Dee Mary Blackhurst, Adrian David Marais","doi":"10.1093/jalm/jfaf070","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jalm/jfaf070","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46361,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Laboratory Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144143974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical Drug Testing Supporting Patients with Substance Use Disorder: A Review.","authors":"Alec Saitman","doi":"10.1093/jalm/jfaf069","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jalm/jfaf069","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Drug testing ordered to evaluate patients with substance use disorder (SUD) is not standardized. This may make drug testing difficult to interpret by the medical staff who order it.</p><p><strong>Content: </strong>In this review, a general overview of common drug testing strategies and potential knowledge gaps is discussed. This content is followed by discussion of how clinical laboratorians can support patients with SUD, through test offering optimization, development of drug interpretation services, and education on drug interpretation best practices.</p><p><strong>Summary: </strong>Clinical laboratorians are essential partners in healthcare delivery, particularly when providing interpretation of drug testing results. This review is intended to provide laboratorians with drug testing best practices to elevate their contribution to the healthcare system in supporting patients with SUD.</p>","PeriodicalId":46361,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Laboratory Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144143982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Disease Associations of Cluster of Differentiation (CD) 5+ Peripheral B Cells in a Diagnostic Flow Cytometry Laboratory.","authors":"Adrian Y S Lee","doi":"10.1093/jalm/jfaf066","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jalm/jfaf066","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cluster of differentiation (CD) 5+ B cells comprise approximately 15% of peripheral blood B cells and are commonly encountered in diagnostic flow cytometry. However, their disease associations have not been systematically reviewed before, particularly in non-CD5+ B-cell malignancy cases. The aim of this study was to ascertain the prevalence and clinical associations of nonmalignant-associated peripheral blood CD5+ B cells in the diagnostic flow cytometry laboratory.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Over a period of 3 months, we undertook a single-laboratory cross-sectional study to examine disease associations of CD5+ B cells. B cells were assessed by flow cytometry using our standard B-cell panel. Medical records were reviewed to ascertain disease associations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the audit period, there were 426 consecutive B-cell panels excluding duplicate patients, CD5+ B-cell malignancies, and B-cell-depleted samples. The highest percentage of CD5+ B cells were noted in patients with autoimmune diseases and was, in general, higher than patients who had infections or other hematological disorders.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>CD5+ B cells are common in the periphery of patients with a variety of medical conditions and may reflect a degree of B-cell hyperreactivity. It would be important for future studies to examine the functional role and consequences of these B cells, and whether they may hold any prognostic or monitoring value.</p>","PeriodicalId":46361,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Laboratory Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144112093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Equivalence between Capillary Blood and Venous Blood Test Results Using Miniaturized Assays and Novel Collection Methods to Support Routine Bloodwork.","authors":"Christopher DiPasquale, Robert H Christenson, James G Donnelly, Susan A Evans, Alan H B Wu, Eric G Olson, Roy Barr, Nicolas Kosa, Hattie McKenzie, Melissa Abigania, James W Jacobson","doi":"10.1093/jalm/jfaf059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jalm/jfaf059","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Capillary blood testing has potential to improve accessibility and adherence for routine tests. Due to historical challenges with sample volume and quality, capillary blood is rarely used for diagnostic testing. These studies provide objective evidence that miniaturized assays and novel capillary collection technologies can enable equivalent results for important panels.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The studies evaluated equivalence of capillary blood testing using miniaturized assays and novel collection methods. We verified the performance of 20 miniaturized assays vs their unmodified versions. We then evaluated specimen equivalence across 39 analytes by comparing samples collected with novel capillary technologies vs samples collected with conventional technologies. For 38 analytes, specimen equivalence was evaluated vs conventional venous samples, and vs conventional capillary samples for 2 analytes with biological gradients (glucose and total CO2).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Equivalence of miniaturized assays and novel capillary methods to conventional testing was demonstrated across all analytes. Method comparison of all 20 miniaturized assays highly correlated (Pearson r > 0.95) to unmodified versions of each test. Capillary blood collected with the novel collection procedure produced results equivalent to conventional methods, with 37 analytes performing equivalently to venous serum, glucose to both venous and conventional capillary serum, and total CO2 to conventional capillary serum.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Capillary blood can be utilized for routine bloodwork. Issues with sample volume can be overcome by miniaturizing assays without compromising performance. Issues with sample quality can be overcome by novel capillary collection technologies, which additionally enable non-phlebotomist sample collection in a broad scope of healthcare settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":46361,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Laboratory Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144095383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fetal Fraction Methodologies and Their Clinical Use: Results of a College of American Pathologists Exercise.","authors":"Glenn E Palomaki, Philip Wyatt, Ross A Rowsey, Phillip Michael Cacheris, Nathalie Lepage, Marvin R Natowicz, Thomas Long, Ann M Moyer","doi":"10.1093/jalm/jfaf062","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jalm/jfaf062","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Noninvasive prenatal screening for common autosomal trisomies, sex chromosome aneuploidies and microdeletions vary by methodology and laboratory practice. The fetal portion of all cell-free DNA in the maternal circulation defines the fetal fraction (FF). The minimum specimen FF levels for reporting results vary between laboratories as well as the screening target (e.g., common trisomies vs select microdeletions). This variability can lead to confusion for both healthcare providers and patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Participants in the College of American Pathologists Non-Invasive Prenatal Testing 2021-B Exercise provided FF estimates for 3 manufactured samples. Responses to supplemental questions were also collected and analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, 72 of 77 participants responded. FF was measured by 66 participants using sequence counts (40), single nucleotide polymorphisms (15), fragment length (24), and Y chromosome sequences (24). Nearly half (48%) used multiple methods. For common trisomies, minimum FFs were none or <1% (n = 7), 1.0% to 3.9% (n = 35), 4.0% to 6.9% (n = 23), and ≥7.0% (n = 1); 4 participants did not measure FF. Challenge-specific FFs were variable with CVs of 13%, 15%, and 36%; the latter rate appears due to that sample's fetal karyotype of 47,XYY. Comparing adjusted FF results for the 3 samples shows that 85% of participant results were within 20% of the consensus.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Using multiple methods to estimate FF was common, and cutoff levels for sample suitability varied widely. Within-laboratory FFs were less variable than between laboratories. Current FF estimates from clinical laboratories are not standardized and should be considered laboratory-specific.</p>","PeriodicalId":46361,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Laboratory Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144081307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Commentary on Iatrogenic Maternal and Neonatal Hyperthyroidism.","authors":"Zahra Shajani-Yi","doi":"10.1093/jalm/jfaf068","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jalm/jfaf068","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46361,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Laboratory Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144081294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Iatrogenic Maternal and Neonatal Hyperthyroidism.","authors":"Maiar Elghobashy, Harit Buch, Rousseau Gama","doi":"10.1093/jalm/jfaf029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jalm/jfaf029","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46361,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Laboratory Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144081308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Commentary on Two Different Pigments in the Peritoneal Fluid of a Child: What Is the Clinical Significance of Each?","authors":"Sharon Markham Geaghan","doi":"10.1093/jalm/jfaf043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jalm/jfaf043","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46361,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Laboratory Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144052869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Two Different Pigments in the Peritoneal Fluid of a Child: What is the Clinical Significance of Each?","authors":"Jingcai Wang, Dustin R Bunch, Samir Kahwash","doi":"10.1093/jalm/jfaf036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jalm/jfaf036","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46361,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Laboratory Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144044350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}