Journal of Applied Laboratory Medicine最新文献

Blue-Green Inclusions in Neutrophils: An Early Indicator of Poor Prognosis? 中性粒细胞中的蓝绿色包涵体：预后不良的早期指标？

IF 1.9

Journal of Applied Laboratory Medicine Pub Date : 2025-07-29 DOI: 10.1093/jalm/jfaf057

Felipe De la Fuente, Pau Martínez, Romina Malutan

引用次数: 0

Abnormal Thyroid Function Test in a Patient Taking Carbamazepine. 服用卡马西平患者甲状腺功能检查异常。

IF 1.9

Journal of Applied Laboratory Medicine Pub Date : 2025-07-29 DOI: 10.1093/jalm/jfaf077

Mirjana Barjaktarovic, K Aaron Geno, Andrew R Crawford

引用次数: 0

Commentary on Abnormal Thyroid Function Test in a Patient Taking Carbamazepine. 服用卡马西平患者甲状腺功能检查异常的评述。

IF 1.9

Journal of Applied Laboratory Medicine Pub Date : 2025-07-29 DOI: 10.1093/jalm/jfaf105

Christopher W Farnsworth

引用次数: 0

Commentary on Blue-Green Inclusions in Neutrophils: An Early Indicator of Poor Prognosis? 中性粒细胞蓝绿色包涵体：预后不良的早期指标？

IF 1.9

Journal of Applied Laboratory Medicine Pub Date : 2025-07-29 DOI: 10.1093/jalm/jfaf099

Sharon M Geaghan

引用次数: 0

Can AI Outperform Human Aspirants? Evaluating 3 ChatGPT Models on the Spanish FIR and BIR Specialized Health Examinations. 人工智能能超越人类吗？3种ChatGPT模型在西班牙FIR和BIR专业健康检查中的评价

IF 1.9

Journal of Applied Laboratory Medicine Pub Date : 2025-07-29 DOI: 10.1093/jalm/jfaf098

Gonzalo Verdú, Alejandro Calvera Rayo, Aleix B Fabregat-Bolufer

{"title":"Can AI Outperform Human Aspirants? Evaluating 3 ChatGPT Models on the Spanish FIR and BIR Specialized Health Examinations.","authors":"Gonzalo Verdú, Alejandro Calvera Rayo, Aleix B Fabregat-Bolufer","doi":"10.1093/jalm/jfaf098","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jalm/jfaf098","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Artificial intelligence (AI) models are increasingly used in academic and clinical settings that require information synthesis and decision-making. This study explores the performance, accuracy, and reproducibility of 3 OpenAI models-GPT-4o Mini, GPT-4o, and GPT-o1-when applied to the 2023 Spanish FIR (Pharmaceutical Internal Resident) and BIR (Biologist Internal Resident) exams. By assessing their capabilities on these highly specialized tests, we aim to evaluate their potential as reliable tools for academic preparation and clinical support.Methods: Each model was prompted with 200 questions from the 2023 FIR and BIR exams, respectively. The analysis evaluated overall accuracy, official exam scoring, and predicted ranking. Subanalyses focused on multimodal image-based questions and clinical cases. Reproducibility was assessed by retesting all questions from both exams using the Cohen Kappa and McNemar tests.Results: After the first attempt, GPT-o1 achieved the highest accuracy (92% on FIR, 97.0% on BIR), securing top positions in both exams. GPT-4o performed exceptionally (87% on FIR, 97.5% on BIR), surpassing all human candidates on BIR and ranking third on FIR. GPT-4o Mini, while strong (80.5% on FIR, 93.0% on BIR), struggled with complex or image-reliant questions. The reproducibility analysis showed GPT-o1's tendency to correct previous mistakes on retesting, while GPT-4o and GPT-4o Mini more consistently repeated initial answers.Conclusions: These models, particularly GPT-o1, outperformed human examinees, supporting AI integration in exam preparation and clinical training. However, limitations persist in multimodal understanding and specialized subdomains. Human oversight remains essential to ensure reliability in laboratory and clinical practice.","PeriodicalId":46361,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Laboratory Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144733855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Blood Storage in a Vaccine Carrier Eliminates the Need for Onsite Analysis of Major Hematological and Nutritional Biomarkers. 血液储存在疫苗载体中消除了现场分析主要血液学和营养生物标志物的需要。

IF 1.9

Journal of Applied Laboratory Medicine Pub Date : 2025-07-29 DOI: 10.1093/jalm/jfaf103

Layal S Jaafar, Razan S ZeinEddine, Zaher Chakhachiro, Omar A Obeid

{"title":"Blood Storage in a Vaccine Carrier Eliminates the Need for Onsite Analysis of Major Hematological and Nutritional Biomarkers.","authors":"Layal S Jaafar, Razan S ZeinEddine, Zaher Chakhachiro, Omar A Obeid","doi":"10.1093/jalm/jfaf103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jalm/jfaf103","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Reliable hemoglobin (Hb) measurement is crucial for accurate estimation of anemia prevalence in population surveys. While portable meters like HemoCue devices are commonly used, studies show discrepancies in Hb readings. In fact, Hb assessment using automated hematology analyzers remains the most accurate method. However, their use typically requires transporting blood samples to centralized laboratories, which raises concerns about sample stability and result accuracy. Vaccine carriers are frequently utilized in micronutrient surveys for sample storage. Accordingly, this study aims to mimic field settings by evaluating the stability of various hematological and nutritional biomarkers in blood samples stored in vaccine carriers.Methods: Around 30 mL of venous blood was collected from fasting subjects and subsequently distributed into potassium 2-ethylene-diamine-tetraacetic acid microtubes for complete blood count measurement, and serum separator tubes for serum biomarker analysis. Samples were stored in vaccine carriers for 48 h and analyzed at 6 time points (0, 6, 12, 24, 36, and 48 h). The mean % deviation of parameters from baseline was compared to the total change limit (TCL), and values within the TCL were considered clinically stable.Results: Most hematological parameters and nutritional biomarkers remained stable when stored in vaccine carriers for up to 24 h. Only white blood cell counts and ferritin levels showed clinically significant changes.Conclusion: Our findings suggest that using vaccine carriers to store blood samples is an adequate alternative to refrigerators, especially in field settings.","PeriodicalId":46361,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Laboratory Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144733853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Clinical Evaluation and Epidemiologic Application of an Adenoviral Species-Typing Model, based on Syndromic PCR Melt-Curve Data. 基于证候PCR熔融曲线数据的腺病毒分型模型的临床评价及流行病学应用。

IF 1.9

Journal of Applied Laboratory Medicine Pub Date : 2025-07-28 DOI: 10.1093/jalm/jfaf094

Jay D Jones, Benjamin W Galvin, Brooklyn A Noble, Varvara Probst, James D Chappell, Andrew J Spieker, Natasha B Halasa, Thomas C Robbins, Jonathan E Schmitz

{"title":"Clinical Evaluation and Epidemiologic Application of an Adenoviral Species-Typing Model, based on Syndromic PCR Melt-Curve Data.","authors":"Jay D Jones, Benjamin W Galvin, Brooklyn A Noble, Varvara Probst, James D Chappell, Andrew J Spieker, Natasha B Halasa, Thomas C Robbins, Jonathan E Schmitz","doi":"10.1093/jalm/jfaf094","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jalm/jfaf094","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Human adenoviruses (HAdV) elicit diverse infections, most notably within the respiratory tract. While HAdV is a target in clinical-use PCR assays to diagnose respiratory infections, techniques are not widely available to determine individual HAdV species within clinical specimens. An initial model was previously developed to predict HAdV species from BIOFIRE® Respiratory Pathogen Panels (RPP), evaluated in silico and through contrived specimens. This model was based on melt-curve data of 5 individual amplification reactions underlying the adenoviral result.Methods: In this study, the initial model is updated to better reflect prior knowledge of HAdV respiratory epidemiology and applied to a dataset of clinical HAdV-detected RPP samples independently subtyped via PCR. Revised model performance was further assessed through application to clinical proficiency testing events in the BIOFIRE Syndromic Trends database (Trends), a near-real-time network of clinical-use BIOFIRE testing results. The revised model was applied to >100 000 HAdV-detected results in Trends from the United States since 2019.Results: Among the independently typed specimens, the revised model accuracy was 95.2% (180/189): 79/82 for HAdV-B, 97/102 for HAdV-C, and 4/5 for HAdV-E. In the Trends dataset, these analyses indicated dynamic epidemiology for HAdV species, including a shift of B-vs-C prevalence at the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, which has more recently returned to prepandemic ratios, along with low-level prediction of species less typically associated with respiratory infection.Conclusion: In silico modeling of melt-curve data from the BIOFIRE RPP can enhance HAdV species surveillance efforts and define viral epidemiology at local, regional, and national levels.","PeriodicalId":46361,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Laboratory Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144733821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Correction to: Associations between Growth Differentiation Factor 15, Cardiac Troponin T, and N-terminal pro-B-type Natriuretic Peptide, and Future Myocardial Fibrosis Assessed by Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging: Data from the Akershus Cardiac Examination 1950 Study. 修正：生长分化因子15、心肌肌钙蛋白T和n端前b型利钠肽与心脏磁共振成像评估的未来心肌纤维化之间的关系：来自1950年Akershus心脏检查研究的数据。

IF 1.9

Journal of Applied Laboratory Medicine Pub Date : 2025-07-28 DOI: 10.1093/jalm/jfaf086

引用次数: 0

The Evolving Role of Anti-Müllerian Hormone Measurements in Clinical Practice. 抗<s:1>勒氏杆菌激素测量在临床实践中的演变作用。

IF 1.9

Journal of Applied Laboratory Medicine Pub Date : 2025-07-28 DOI: 10.1093/jalm/jfaf096

Xiaochun Susan Zhang, Jaime H Noguez

{"title":"The Evolving Role of Anti-Müllerian Hormone Measurements in Clinical Practice.","authors":"Xiaochun Susan Zhang, Jaime H Noguez","doi":"10.1093/jalm/jfaf096","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jalm/jfaf096","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH), a glycoprotein belonging to the transforming growth factor-beta superfamily, plays a pivotal role in reproductive physiology. Initially recognized for its function in male sexual differentiation, AMH has since emerged as a key biomarker with broad clinical applications in both endocrinology and oncology. As research continues to elucidate the physiological roles of AMH, its clinical utility is expanding, necessitating careful assay selection, integration with complementary diagnostic markers, and context-specific interpretation.Content: A thorough understanding of AMH physiology, assay variability, and clinical interpretation is essential for its effective integration into routine clinical practice. This review provides a concise overview of AMH physiology, explores its diverse clinical applications, examines the evolution and limitations of AMH assays, and presents a comparative analysis of commercially available AMH assays commonly used in clinical laboratories.Summary: This review highlights the increasing clinical relevance of AMH testing in laboratory medicine, focusing on its expanding applications and the practical analytical considerations essential for accurate interpretation and optimal utilization.","PeriodicalId":46361,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Laboratory Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144733825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Handling Hemolytic Blood Samples from High-Risk Clinical Areas: A Call to Action. 处理高风险临床地区的溶血样本：行动呼吁。

IF 1.8

Journal of Applied Laboratory Medicine Pub Date : 2025-07-25 DOI: 10.1093/jalm/jfaf082

Alan H B Wu, Jerrold H Levy, W Franklin Peacock, Ramzy Rimawi, Manuel Sanchez Luna, Christopher Farnsworth, Hugo Stiegler, Robert H Christenson

{"title":"Handling Hemolytic Blood Samples from High-Risk Clinical Areas: A Call to Action.","authors":"Alan H B Wu, Jerrold H Levy, W Franklin Peacock, Ramzy Rimawi, Manuel Sanchez Luna, Christopher Farnsworth, Hugo Stiegler, Robert H Christenson","doi":"10.1093/jalm/jfaf082","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jalm/jfaf082","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Spectrophotometric testing to detect sample hemolysis is available from central laboratory chemistry analyzers. While the cause and preventative measures are known, hemolysis continues to be a common preanalytical error, especially for specimens collected from the emergency department (ED) and intensive care units (ICUs) where point-of-care analyzers are commonly used for whole blood electrolyte testing. Recently, these analyzers have employed technology to detect hemolysis directly on whole blood samples.Methods: Experienced laboratorians and physicians from the clinical laboratory, ED, adult and neonatal ICUs provide a summary of the medical importance of in vitro hemolysis. Causes for in vivo hemolysis are summarized as it is indistinguishable from in vitro hemolysis from routine laboratory analysis. The detection of hemolysis by clinical laboratories is discussed from the American and European perspectives.Results: In vivo hemolysis can occur due to genetic abnormalities, hemoglobinopathies that cause red cell lysis, and mechanical circulatory support. There are many causes of in vitro hemolysis. Patients in the ED and ICU are particularly vulnerable to erroneous laboratory data such as potassium. Incorrectly treated patients can lead to significant medical consequences. Within the clinical laboratory, there are recommendations made by accrediting bodies, but none are mandatory, and the implementation of the hemolysis index testing is not universal.Conclusions: Recommendations have been authored regarding the need for education for prevention, performance of hemolysis detection testing, defining levels of hemolysis reporting, periodic monitoring of hemolysis detection performance, and laboratory reporting practices for high and normal potassium test results.","PeriodicalId":46361,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Laboratory Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144709381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0