Journal of Clinical and Translational Endocrinology最新文献

{"title":"Non-alcoholic fatty pancreas disease (NAFPD) as a pre-neoplastic niche: Metabolic and inflammatory Gateways to pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma","authors":"Hope Onohuean ,&nbsp;Ngozi F. Nnolum-Orji ,&nbsp;Sarad Pawar Naik Bukke ,&nbsp;Kasim Sakran Abass ,&nbsp;Abdullateef Isiaka Alagbonsi ,&nbsp;Yahya E. Choonara","doi":"10.1016/j.jcte.2025.100424","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcte.2025.100424","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Non-alcoholic fatty pancreas disease (NAFPD), marked by ectopic triglyceride accumulation in the exocrine pancreas, is increasingly observed yet its recognition as a cancer-predisposing condition remains limited. We synthesize evidence supporting NAFPD as an early and modifiable niche for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), using a PRISMA-ScR-guided framework. The findings were synthesized into three domains: epidemiological risk, metabolic–inflammatory signaling, and immune–stromal remodeling. Mechanisms include palmitate-induced ER stress, ROS-driven NLRP3–IL-1β and STAT5 signaling, and KRAS^G12D-mediated lipotoxicity. Lipid-laden stellate cells promote fibrosis, immunosuppression, and epithelial–mesenchymal transition. NAFPD may represent an early, modifiable PDAC niche, warranting further imaging–omic studies and targeted prevention trials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46328,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical and Translational Endocrinology","volume":"42 ","pages":"Article 100424"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145520206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alternative approaches to glucose measurements during oral glucose tolerance testing in youth with cystic fibrosis: a mixed methods pilot study","authors":"Seema Meighan ,&nbsp;Robert J. Gallop ,&nbsp;Melissa S. Putman ,&nbsp;Andrea Kelly ,&nbsp;Brynn E. Marks","doi":"10.1016/j.jcte.2025.100421","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcte.2025.100421","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Adherence to annual OGTT screening for cystic fibrosis-related diabetes (CFRD) is poor. In this mixed methods study we assessed the accuracy, feasibility, and acceptability of alternative approaches to glucose measurements during an OGTT.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Standard OGTT with plasma glucose sampling at 0, 60, and 120-min was conducted in 14 youth ≥ 10 years of age with CF. A self-administered OGTT kit (Digostics, GTT@home) measuring capillary glucose and Dexcom G7 continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) were performed concomitantly with OGTT. CGM glucose values were recorded at 5-minute intervals for 20-minutes after each time point to account for lag. Plasma OGTT glucose and glucose tolerance categories [normal (NGT), impaired (IGT), indeterminate (INDET), and CFRD] were compared with these same outcomes as defined by the self-administered kit and CGM. Younden’s index was used to determine the optimal CGM timepoint for categorization of glucose tolerance, and ROC curves were used to identify the optimal glucose thresholds. Participants and their parents were interviewed to understand their experience with alternative testing approaches.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Based on plasma glucose, participants were characterized as NGT (n = 8), IGT (n = 5), and CFRD (n = 1). Whereas the GTT@home correctly categorized glucose tolerance in 6 participants (43 %), CGM correctly categorized 13 (93 %). The CGM glucose at 125 min was identified as the timepoint at which the measured glucose yielded maximum discrimination for all categories of glucose tolerance (AUC for NGT = 0.979, IGT = 0.867, CFRD = 1.0). A CGM glucose threshold of 154 mg/dL demonstrated 100 % sensitivity and 87.5 % specificity for identifying NGT; for IGT a threshold of 182 mg/dL exhibited 80 % sensitivity and 88.9 % specificity. Parent-child dyads valued convenience during OGTT screening, but expressed concerns about glucose measurement accuracy and performing medical procedures in the home.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>CGM glucose values during OGTT may offer an accurate assessment of glucose tolerance categories, though this approach may require further refinement for patient acceptability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46328,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical and Translational Endocrinology","volume":"42 ","pages":"Article 100421"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145520207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hormone responses to buserelin in polycystic ovary syndrome and in eumenorrheic women with hyperandrogenism/hyperandrogenemia, and the relationship of these responses with insulin resistance","authors":"Salvatore Benvenga ,&nbsp;Michele Russo ,&nbsp;Fausto Famà ,&nbsp;Gianpiero Forte ,&nbsp;Vittorio Unfer","doi":"10.1016/j.jcte.2025.100420","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcte.2025.100420","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We compared 37 women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) with 24 women with eumenorrhea plus hyperandrogenism and/or hyperandrogenemia without ultrasound evidence of PCO morphology (EuHyperA) to assess their hormone responses to a GnRH-agonist (buserelin). Following our recent paper on PCOS and EuHyperA, we selected patients who performed the 2 h-oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), and stratified them according to presence/absence of insulin resistance (IR), <em>viz.</em> HOMA-index ≥ 2.5.</div><div>IR impacted on the PCOS group since IR-yes-PCOS women had significantly higher body weight, BMI, total testosterone (TT), free androgen index (FAI), and 17-hydroxyprogesterone (17-OHP), borderline higher delta-4 androstenedione (Δ4-ASD) and ovarian volume, and significantly lower sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) <em>vs</em> IR-no-PCOS. IR-no-EuHyperA had significantly higher follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), borderline higher dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS) and borderline lower 17-OHP <em>vs</em> IR-no-PCOS. IR-yes-EuHyperA had significantly higher DHEAS, borderline lower TT and FAI <em>vs</em> IR-yes-PCOS.</div><div>The insulin curve was significantly higher in the IR-yes <em>vs</em> IR-no-PCOS, and IR-yes <em>vs</em> IR-no-EuHyperA. Compared to PCOS, EuHyperA had insignificantly lower glucose and insulin responses regardless of IR status.</div><div>After steroidogenic ovarian stimulation (24 h-buserelin test), IR presence <em>vs</em> IR absence impacted on 4 curves in PCOS (significantly higher TT, borderline higher 17-OHP, significantly lower Δ4-ASD and DHEAS), and only one curve in EuHyperA (significantly higher TT). IR-no-EuHyperA had two curves significantly lower than IR-no-PCOS (Δ4-ASD and TT). Instead, IR-yes-EuHyperA had significantly lower Δ4-ASD, TT and 17-OHP curves, and significantly higher DHEAS curve <em>vs</em> IR-yes-PCOS.</div><div>In conclusion, of 35 parameters (baseline, OGTT-related, buserelin-related), 28 (80%) were statistically similar in EuHyperA <em>vs</em> PCOS regardless of IR status. However, IR presence impacted on more parameters in PCOS than EuHyperA. Given the known ovary sparing by IR in PCOS, it appears that IR exacerbates androgen production of PCOS women more markedly than EuHyperA women.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46328,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical and Translational Endocrinology","volume":"42 ","pages":"Article 100420"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145227856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Insights into intramuscular adipose–muscle signaling in the diabetic lower extremity","authors":"Chang Gui ,&nbsp;Dakota R. Kamm ,&nbsp;Jeremie L.A. Ferey ,&nbsp;Kathryn L. Bohnert ,&nbsp;Jeremy J. McCormick ,&nbsp;Mary K. Hastings ,&nbsp;Gretchen A. Meyer","doi":"10.1016/j.jcte.2025.100422","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcte.2025.100422","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Intramuscular adipose tissue (IMAT) has been proposed to directly contribute to myofiber dysfunction through paracrine signaling. The impacts of this signaling beyond contributing to myofiber insulin resistance are largely unknown. This study aims to explore the human IMAT transcriptome, with a focus on its potential role in myoblast fusion deficits in advanced muscle pathology. Using a within-subjects design, we compared IMAT to subcutaneous (SQ) fat in individuals with and without diabetes undergoing below-knee amputation. We hypothesized that IMAT from the diabetic group would exhibit a pro-inflammatory profile, similar to diabetic SQ, and that inflammatory secreted factors from IMAT progenitors would impair cultured myoblast fusion. Instead, we found that the IMAT transcriptome from the diabetic group exhibited reduced enrichment of inflammatory pathways compared with SQ and less transcriptional evidence for immune cell infiltration. While IMAT featured a mostly anti-myogenic transcriptional profile for secreted cytokines, media conditioned by IMAT progenitors did not uniquely impair fusion of cultured myoblasts compared with SQ. Surprisingly, the diabetic status of the myoblast donor predicted myoblast fusion, with reduced fusion rates in diabetic myoblasts exposed to conditioned media from all adipose sources. This suggests that IMAT-myoblast signaling may be detrimental to regeneration in diabetes, but that the effect is driven in part by an intrinsic difference in diabetic myoblasts’ sensitivity to IMAT secreted factors. This emphasizes the insight that can be gained from disease-state matched and mismatched culture models and highlights the need to better understand how diabetes impacts myoblasts and their interaction with the disease environment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46328,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical and Translational Endocrinology","volume":"42 ","pages":"Article 100422"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145418190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Insulin dose adjustment policy for certified diabetes care and education specialists: Safe and effective","authors":"Jeannine C. Leverenz ,&nbsp;Lauren Horton ,&nbsp;Barry Conrad ,&nbsp;Shannon Lin ,&nbsp;Annette Chmielewski ,&nbsp;Franziska K. Bishop ,&nbsp;Melissa Quaid ,&nbsp;Priya Prahalad ,&nbsp;David M. Maahs","doi":"10.1016/j.jcte.2025.100423","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcte.2025.100423","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In 4T Study 1, youth with new-onset type 1 diabetes started a continuous glucose monitor (CGM) soon after diagnosis and received remote CGM data review and dose changes by a Certified Diabetes Care and Education Specialist (CDCES) via secure portal messaging. We describe the CDCES policy to make incremental dose adjustments and report its safety and effectiveness, which facilitated patients’ reaching and maintaining targets. We aim to publish this data-supported CDCES protocol to facilitate use at other diabetes centers who may restrict CDCES from adjusting insulin doses.</div><div>The CDCESs and Pediatric Endocrinologists agreed on criteria for making dose changes. CDCESs made insulin dose adjustments and consulted with Pediatric Endocrinologists per protocol and as needed. CDCES sent messages with suggested dose adjustments and behavior changes via secure portal messaging.</div><div>In the first year, a total of 1564 remote patient monitoring messages were sent to 133 participants. Most messages were triggered by low time-in-range (TIR, 70–180 mg/dl [63 %]), hypoglycemia (39 %), decline in TIR (13 %), or insufficient CGM wear time (7 %). There were 3 episodes of severe hypoglycemia, none adjudicated related to the CDCES dosing protocol. At one year, the mean time &lt;70 mg/dl was &lt;2 %, and the A1C target of &lt;7 % was met by 64 %.</div><div>We created a policy for CDCESs to adjust insulin doses and increase patient interaction between visits. The results demonstrate that CDCES can work at the top of their certification to adjust insulin doses to achieve target goals without decreasing safety.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46328,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical and Translational Endocrinology","volume":"42 ","pages":"Article 100423"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145467357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"DiaBar: Predicting type 2 diabetes remission post-metabolic surgery utilizing mRNA expression profiles from subcutaneous adipose tissue","authors":"Jonas Wagner ,&nbsp;Manfred Wischnewsky ,&nbsp;Patricia von Kroge ,&nbsp;Helge Wilhelm Thies ,&nbsp;Pia Roser ,&nbsp;Stefan Wolter ,&nbsp;Thilo Hackert ,&nbsp;Jakob Izbicki ,&nbsp;Oliver Mann ,&nbsp;Anna Duprée","doi":"10.1016/j.jcte.2025.100410","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcte.2025.100410","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) is a metabolic organ, which is involved in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes (T2D). Methods to predict diabetes remission after metabolic surgery exist, however their prediction accuracy still needs improvement. We hypothesized, that gene expression profiles in the SAT could predict diabetes remission after metabolic surgery more accurately than any current methods.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In this retrospective cohort study, we identified individuals who underwent metabolic surgery. We collected SAT biopsies during the surgery and analyzed the expression of <em>HMGA2</em>, <em>PPARG</em>, <em>ADIPOQ</em> and, <em>IL6</em>. The American Diabetes Association criteria were used to define partial and complete remission. Univariate generalized linear models, tree decision algorithms (Exhausted Chaid, CART and Quinlan’s C5 with adaptive boosting) and, multilayer perceptron networks were used to develop classifiers for patients with no, partial or complete remission (DiaBar).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In this study 106 patients were included, 66 (62.3%) patients had T2D the remaining 40 (37.7%) were patients with prediabetes. Complete and partial remission were achieved by 69 (65.1%) and 20 (18.9%) patients respectively. Using a multilayer perceptron, we achieved an overall accuracy of 98.0% (remission: no 100%; partial 90.0%; complete 100%). The validated DiaRem Score was used as the comparative score, which had an overall accuracy for classifying patients with complete, partial or no remission of 74.7%.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Using gene expression profiles from the SAT, we developed the DiaBar test, which accurately predicts diabetes remission after metabolic surgery and seems to be superior to the DiaRem score.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46328,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical and Translational Endocrinology","volume":"41 ","pages":"Article 100410"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144694403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Decreased insulin dose-adjusted hemoglobin A1c in adults with cystic fibrosis-related diabetes treated with elexacaftor-tezacaftor-ivacaftor","authors":"Espérie Burnet ,&nbsp;Deborah Grunewald ,&nbsp;Etienne Larger ,&nbsp;Florence Camus-Bablon ,&nbsp;Catherine Eisenhauer ,&nbsp;François Mifsud ,&nbsp;Clémence Martin ,&nbsp;Isabelle Honoré ,&nbsp;Reem Kanaan ,&nbsp;Nicolas Carlier ,&nbsp;Johanna Fesenbeckh ,&nbsp;Helen Mosnier-Pudar ,&nbsp;Pierre-Régis Burgel","doi":"10.1016/j.jcte.2025.100407","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcte.2025.100407","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Elexacaftor-tezacaftor-ivacaftor (ETI) became available for adults with cystic fibrosis (CF) in 2019, but its impact on CF-related diabetes (CFRD) remains unclear.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A single-center retrospective cohort study was conducted among adults with CFRD to examine the change in insulin dose-adjusted Hemoglobin A1c (IDAA1c). Linear mixed effects model (LMEM) analysis was used to investigate the change in IDAA1c between baseline and 24 months of follow up, comparing an ETI-treated group to an unexposed group. Baseline values were those documented at treatment initiation for the ETI-treated group and in March 2020 (±3 months) for the unexposed group.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 49 adults were included, 39 were treated with ETI and 10 were not. Median [Interquartile range] time since CFRD diagnosis at baseline was 13 [7–18] and 14 [10–18] years, respectively (p = 0.610). In the ETI-treated group, mean weight increased by a 4.44 kg (95 % Confidence Interval, 95 %CI: 3.08 to 5.79, p &lt; 0.001), insulin total daily dose decreased by 5 units (95 %CI: −9 to 0, p = 0.033), and hemoglobin A1c (%) decreased by 0.65 points (95 %CI: −0.96 to −0.34, p &lt; 0.001). No change was observed in the unexposed group. LMEM analysis found a numerically significant association between ETI and decreased IDAA1c, estimated at −1.14 points (95 %CI: −2.35 to 0.06, p = 0.067) after adjusting for age, sex, time since CFRD diagnosis and the introduction of Metformin.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>A numerically significant association between ETI and IDAA1c decrease was observed in adults with established CFRD after 24 months of treatment, suggesting ETI contributed to improved glycemic control.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46328,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical and Translational Endocrinology","volume":"41 ","pages":"Article 100407"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144571328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of the time in targeted blood glucose range of 140 to 180 mg/dL with the mortality of critically ill patients with diabetes: analysis of the MIMIC-IV database","authors":"Huimin Ye ,&nbsp;Zilan Ma ,&nbsp;Qunchuan Zong ,&nbsp;Qiang Zhu ,&nbsp;Yufei Yan ,&nbsp;Shengmei Yang ,&nbsp;Pengyue Xiang ,&nbsp;Huajie Zou","doi":"10.1016/j.jcte.2025.100413","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcte.2025.100413","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Time in range (TIR), a glycemic control metric, is increasingly linked to diabetes outcomes. A target of 140–180 mg/dL is recommended for critically ill hyperglycemic patients.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This cohort study analyzed 6,047 critically ill diabetic patients (median age 68, 62.3 % male) from the MIMIC-IV database. TIR (140–180 mg/dL) was defined as the percentage of time within the target glucose range over 24 h. Patients were stratified by TIR quartiles. Outcomes included all-cause mortality, ICU mortality, in-hospital mortality, and 28-day mortality. Cox models assessed TIR-outcomes relationships.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Higher TIR correlated with lower mortality. Adjusted HRs for all-cause mortality were 1.00 (Q1), 0.63 (Q2), 0.56 (Q3), and 0.65 (Q4) (<em>p</em> for trend &lt; 0.001). Similar trends were observed for in-hospital mortality (Q4 vs. Q1: HR 0.79, 95% CI: 0.64–0.97). Each 10 % TIR increase reduced all-cause mortality by 8 % (HR 0.92, 95 % CI: 0.88–0.95). Nonlinear dose–response relationships were significant (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001), with stronger effects in patients &lt; 60, males, and those with myocardial infarction or cancer history (<em>p</em> for interaction &lt; 0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Higher TIR (140–180 mg/dL) is associated with reduced mortality in critically ill diabetic patients, suggesting that TIR is a valuable metric for glycemic management in the ICU.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46328,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical and Translational Endocrinology","volume":"41 ","pages":"Article 100413"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144704757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Elevated glucose levels in melanoma patients − a real-world analysis","authors":"Joan Walter ,&nbsp;Bojan Bojanic ,&nbsp;Manuel Dittli ,&nbsp;Nadia Fehr ,&nbsp;Thomas Sartoretti ,&nbsp;Moritz Schwyzer ,&nbsp;Katharina Binz ,&nbsp;Antonio G. Gennari ,&nbsp;Matthias Ernst ,&nbsp;Martin W. Huellner ,&nbsp;Michael Messerli","doi":"10.1016/j.jcte.2025.100405","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcte.2025.100405","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aim</h3><div>To assess the glycemic status of consecutive melanoma patients undergoing standardized capillary fasting blood glucose (cFBG) assessment prior to fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (FDG PET/CT) examination.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This retrospective study included 336 consecutive melanoma patients at the University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland. Fasting cFBG levels were measured prior to FDG PET/CT and classified according to American Diabetes Association guidelines. Multivariable linear regression analysis was performed to identify independent predictors of cFBG levels. Sensitivity analyses were performed on patients examined before 11 AM and fasting for 8 h as well as patients without known diabetes.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The cohort included 336 melanoma patients with a median age of 67 years (IQR 57–76), 36 % female (122/336), and 12 % (40/336) with known diabetes mellitus. The median cFBG was 103 mg/dL (IQR 94–112; 5.7 mmol/L, IQR 5.2–6.2). Overall, 58 % (194/336) of patients had non-normal cFBG levels (≥100 mg/dL; ≥5.6 mmol/L), consistent with findings from a sensitivity analysis of patients presenting before 11 AM, where 58 % (115/198) exhibited non-normal levels. Excluding patients with known diabetes, 56 % (165/296) of patients had non-normal cFBG levels, with 7 % (20/210) having levels ≥126 mg/dL (≥7.0 mmol/L), indicative of possible undiagnosed diabetes mellitus. Multivariable linear regression analysis identified male gender, active disease, and subcutaneous fat as independent predictors of cFBG levels, whereas traditional risk factors such as BMI, visceral fat, hypertension or lack of exercise were not independent predictors.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>More than half of melanoma patients have elevated cFBG levels, even in those without known diabetes, highlighting the need for improved glycemic screening and management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46328,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical and Translational Endocrinology","volume":"41 ","pages":"Article 100405"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144518468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predicting accelerated fetal growth in pregnancy: beyond maternal hyperglycemia – The role of prothymosin-α, inflammatory cytokines, and angiogenic factors","authors":"Maria Mirabelli ,&nbsp;Marta Greco ,&nbsp;Stefano Iuliano ,&nbsp;Francesco Dragone ,&nbsp;Eusebio Chiefari ,&nbsp;Daniela Foti ,&nbsp;Antonio Brunetti","doi":"10.1016/j.jcte.2025.100404","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcte.2025.100404","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Aim</em>: This study investigates prothymosin-α (ProT-α), an immunomodulatory protein, as a potential biomarker for insulin resistance in gestational diabetes (GDM), and as a predictor of fetal growth by 20 weeks of gestation (wg). <em>Methods</em>: Forty-six women with singleton pregnancies were classified into GDM (n = 8) and normal glucose tolerance (NGT; n = 38) groups based on 75 g OGTT results. Maternal glucose, insulin, cytokines, and ProT-α levels were measured, and fetal growth was assessed by ultrasound at 20 wg, focusing on abdominal circumference (AC) and estimated fetal weight (EFW) percentiles. <em>Results</em>: Women with GDM were older, had a higher BMI, glucose, and insulin levels, with fetuses showing higher AC and EFW percentiles. IL-8, TNFα, and IL-1α were lower in the GDM group, while ProT-α was also lower but not significantly. ProT-α inversely correlated with EFW percentiles, independent of GDM. Regression analysis identified 2-hour post-load glucose, VEGF, and EGF as positive predictors of fetal growth acceleration, while IL-10 and ProT-α were negative predictors. <em>Conclusions</em>: Fetal growth is influenced by maternal glucose, inflammation, and angiogenesis. ProT-α may serve as an independent biomarker for predicting fetal growth in early pregnancy, suggesting further investigation into its role in GDM, obesity, and insulin resistance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46328,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical and Translational Endocrinology","volume":"41 ","pages":"Article 100404"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144365261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}