AIDS Research and Treatment最新文献_第10页

A Critical Review of the Evidence Concerning the HIV Latency Reversing Effect of Disulfiram, the Possible Explanations for Its Inability to Reduce the Size of the Latent Reservoir In Vivo, and the Caveats Associated with Its Use in Practice. 关于双硫仑逆转HIV潜伏期作用的证据，其无法减少体内潜伏库大小的可能解释，以及与实际使用相关的注意事项的重要综述。

IF 1.7

AIDS Research and Treatment Pub Date : 2017-01-01 Epub Date: 2017-03-30 DOI: 10.1155/2017/8239428

Harry D J Knights

{"title":"A Critical Review of the Evidence Concerning the HIV Latency Reversing Effect of Disulfiram, the Possible Explanations for Its Inability to Reduce the Size of the Latent Reservoir In Vivo, and the Caveats Associated with Its Use in Practice.","authors":"Harry D J Knights","doi":"10.1155/2017/8239428","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/8239428","url":null,"abstract":"Combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) effectively suppresses the replication of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), improves immune function, and decreases the morbidity of acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). However, it is unable to eradicate the virus because it does not eliminate latently infected cells. The latent reservoir poses the major barrier to an HIV-1 cure. The \"shock and kill\" strategy aims to reactivate the virus and destroy latently infected cells. Many latency reversing agents (LRAs) reactivate HIV in vitro, but the absence of damaging side-effects and efficacy in vivo make disulfiram particularly promising. However, in clinical trials to date, disulfiram treatment has not resulted in a reduction in the size of the latent reservoir. In this article I will therefore discuss the evidence for the latency reversing effect of disulfiram, the possible explanations for its inability to reduce the size of the latent reservoir in vivo, and the caveats associated with its use in practice. These considerations will help to inform judgements about the prospect of an HIV cure from disulfiram based treatments.","PeriodicalId":46303,"journal":{"name":"AIDS Research and Treatment","volume":"2017 ","pages":"8239428"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2017/8239428","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34961795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 15

Male Partners Involvement in Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV Services in Southern Central Ethiopia: In Case of Lemo District, Hadiya Zone. 埃塞俄比亚中南部男性伴侣参与预防艾滋病毒母婴传播服务的情况：以哈迪亚区莱莫县为例。

IF 1.7

AIDS Research and Treatment Pub Date : 2017-01-01 Epub Date: 2017-03-15 DOI: 10.1155/2017/8617540

Degefa Tadele Belato, Abera Beyamo Mekiso, Bayu Begashaw

引用次数: 0

Missed Testing Opportunities for HIV Screening and Early Diagnosis in an Urban Tertiary Care Center. 城市三级医疗中心错过的 HIV 筛查和早期诊断检测机会。

IF 1.7

AIDS Research and Treatment Pub Date : 2017-01-01 Epub Date: 2017-07-04 DOI: 10.1155/2017/5708620

Joseph DeRose, Jason Zucker, David Cennimo, Shobha Swaminathan

{"title":"Missed Testing Opportunities for HIV Screening and Early Diagnosis in an Urban Tertiary Care Center.","authors":"Joseph DeRose, Jason Zucker, David Cennimo, Shobha Swaminathan","doi":"10.1155/2017/5708620","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2017/5708620","url":null,"abstract":"Newark, New Jersey, is disproportionally affected by HIV with one of the highest prevalence rates in the United States. Rutgers New Jersey Medical School is a major healthcare provider to Newark's underserved population and has implemented a HIV testing program that can diagnose and link newly diagnosed individuals to care. We conducted a retrospective chart review of all new patients seen in the Infectious Disease Practice from January 1, 2013, to December 31, 2014, to determine the proportion of patients with a missed testing opportunity (MTO) (patients with a new HIV diagnosis with an encounter at the institution in the 1 year prior to their first appointment). 117 newly diagnosed patients were identified. 36 (31%) had at least one MTO. A total of 34 (29%) of newly diagnosed patients had AIDS at presentation and 17% had CD4 counts of 50 cells/μL (p value 0.5). The two most common locations of a missed testing opportunity were the hospital ED (45%) and subspecialty clinics (37%). This study demonstrates that, even in a high prevalence institution with HIV counseling, testing, and referral service, HIV screening is lacking at multiple points of care and patients are missing opportunities for earlier diagnosis and treatment.","PeriodicalId":46303,"journal":{"name":"AIDS Research and Treatment","volume":"2017 ","pages":"5708620"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5514340/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35199151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effect of Efavirenz on Endogenous Progesterone Concentrations and Contraceptive Outcomes among Ugandan HIV Infected Women Coadministering Ethinylestradiol/Levonorgestrel. 依非韦伦对乌干达艾滋病病毒感染妇女服用炔雌醇/左炔诺孕酮的内源性孕酮浓度和避孕效果的影响。

IF 1.7

AIDS Research and Treatment Pub Date : 2017-01-01 Epub Date: 2017-07-31 DOI: 10.1155/2017/6531709

Grant Munkwase, Kuteesa R Bisaso, Othman Kakaire, Sarah Nanzigu

{"title":"Effect of Efavirenz on Endogenous Progesterone Concentrations and Contraceptive Outcomes among Ugandan HIV Infected Women Coadministering Ethinylestradiol/Levonorgestrel.","authors":"Grant Munkwase, Kuteesa R Bisaso, Othman Kakaire, Sarah Nanzigu","doi":"10.1155/2017/6531709","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2017/6531709","url":null,"abstract":"This study assessed the effect of efavirenz mid-dose plasma concentrations on mid-luteal endogenous progesterone concentrations and contraceptive outcomes among 49 HIV infected women coadministering ethinylestradiol/levonorgestrel, including 34 HIV positive women on Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART) and 15 HAART naïve HIV infected women, purposively selected from Mulago Hospital, Uganda. A blood sample was collected once between days 20 and 22 of each woman's menstrual cycle for measuring endogenous progesterone and efavirenz concentrations by electrochemiluminescence technology and High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC), respectively. Descriptive statistical analysis and correlation and logistic regression analysis were done using SPSS v.21 and R3.1. Efavirenz showed a weak positive linear relationship with endogenous progesterone at efavirenz concentrations below 12 μg/ml. Based on serum endogenous progesterone, the observed hormonal contraceptives failure rate (24.5%) was higher than expected (maximum 8%). A higher proportion of HIV positive women on efavirenz based HAART (26.5%) was at risk of contraceptive failure than their HIV infected HAART naïve counterparts (20%) though it was not statistically significant (p = 0.63). Efavirenz mid-dose plasma concentrations seem to have no significant effect on mid-luteal endogenous progesterone concentrations and contraceptive outcomes among HIV infected Ugandan women coadministering ethinylestradiol/levonorgestrel oral pills.","PeriodicalId":46303,"journal":{"name":"AIDS Research and Treatment","volume":"2017 ","pages":"6531709"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5555015/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35341484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

HIV Epidemic in Tanzania: The Possible Role of the Key Populations. 坦桑尼亚的艾滋病毒流行:关键人群可能发挥的作用。

IF 1.7

AIDS Research and Treatment Pub Date : 2017-01-01 Epub Date: 2017-08-17 DOI: 10.1155/2017/7089150

Bonaventura C T Mpondo, Daniel W Gunda, Semvua B Kilonzo

引用次数: 23

HIV Case Management Support Service Is Associated with Improved CD4 Counts of Patients Receiving Care at the Antiretroviral Clinic of Pantang Hospital, Ghana. 艾滋病毒病例管理支持服务与加纳潘唐医院抗逆转录病毒诊所接受治疗的患者CD4计数的改善有关。

IF 1.1

AIDS Research and Treatment Pub Date : 2017-01-01 Epub Date: 2017-09-20 DOI: 10.1155/2017/4697473

Bismark Sarfo, Naa Ashiley Vanderpuye, Abigail Addison, Peter Nyasulu

{"title":"HIV Case Management Support Service Is Associated with Improved CD4 Counts of Patients Receiving Care at the Antiretroviral Clinic of Pantang Hospital, Ghana.","authors":"Bismark Sarfo, Naa Ashiley Vanderpuye, Abigail Addison, Peter Nyasulu","doi":"10.1155/2017/4697473","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2017/4697473","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Factors associated with individual patient-level management of HIV have received minimal attention in sub-Saharan Africa. This study determined the association between support services and cluster of differentiation 4 (CD4) counts among HIV patients attending ART clinic in Ghana.Methodology: This was a cross-sectional study involving adults with HIV recruited between 1 August 2014 and 31 January 2015. Data on support services were obtained through a closed-ended personal interview while the CD4 counts data were collected from their medical records. Data were entered into EpiData and analyzed using Stata software.Results: Of the 201 patients who participated in the study, 67% (129/191) received case management support service. Counseling about how to prevent the spread of HIV (crude odds ratio (cOR) (95% confidence interval (CI)) (2.79 (1.17-6.68)), mental health services (0.2 (0.04-1.00)), and case management support service (2.80 (1.34-5.82))) was associated with improved CD4 counts of 350 cells/mm3 or more. After adjusting for counseling about how to prevent the spread of HIV and mental health services, case management support service was significantly associated with CD4 counts of 350 cells/mm3 or more (aOR = 2.36 (CI = 1.01-5.49)).Conclusion: Case management support service for HIV patients receiving ART improves their CD4 counts above 350 cells/mm3. Incorporating HIV case management services in ART regimen should be a priority in sub-Saharan Africa.","PeriodicalId":46303,"journal":{"name":"AIDS Research and Treatment","volume":"2017 ","pages":"4697473"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5632479/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35556245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

HIV among Female Sex Workers in Five Cities in Burkina Faso: A Cross-Sectional Baseline Survey to Inform HIV/AIDS Programs. 布基纳法索五个城市女性性工作者的艾滋病毒感染情况:为艾滋病毒/艾滋病项目提供信息的横断面基线调查。

IF 1.7

AIDS Research and Treatment Pub Date : 2017-01-01 Epub Date: 2017-11-15 DOI: 10.1155/2017/9580548

Henri Gautier Ouedraogo, Odette Ky-Zerbo, Adama Baguiya, Ashley Grosso, Sara Goodman, Benoît Cesaire Samadoulougou, Marcel Lougue, Nongoba Sawadogo, Yves Traore, Nicolas Barro, Stefan Baral, Seni Kouanda

{"title":"HIV among Female Sex Workers in Five Cities in Burkina Faso: A Cross-Sectional Baseline Survey to Inform HIV/AIDS Programs.","authors":"Henri Gautier Ouedraogo, Odette Ky-Zerbo, Adama Baguiya, Ashley Grosso, Sara Goodman, Benoît Cesaire Samadoulougou, Marcel Lougue, Nongoba Sawadogo, Yves Traore, Nicolas Barro, Stefan Baral, Seni Kouanda","doi":"10.1155/2017/9580548","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/9580548","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Female sex workers (FSWs) are considered a vulnerable population for HIV infection and a priority for HIV/AIDS response programs. This study aimed to determine HIV prevalence among FSWs in five cities in Burkina Faso.Methods: FSWs aged 18 and older were recruited using respondent driven sampling (RDS) in five cities (Ouagadougou, Bobo-Dioulasso, Koudougou, Ouahigouya, and Tenkodogo) in Burkina Faso from 2013 to 2014. HIV testing was performed using the HIV testing national algorithm. We conducted bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis to assess correlates of HIV in all cities combined (not RDS-adjusted).Results: Among Ouagadougou, Koudougou, and Ouahigouya FSWs, RDS-adjusted HIV prevalence was 13.5% (95% Confidence Interval [CI]: 9.6-18.7), 13.3% (95% CI: 7.6-22.4), and 13.0% (95% CI: 7.6-21.3), respectively, compared to 30.1% (95% CI: 25.5-35.1) among Bobo-Dioulasso FSWs. Factors associated with HIV infection were age (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 7.84 95% CI: 3.78-16.20), being married or cohabitating (aOR = 2.43, 95% CI: 1.31-4.49), and history of pregnancy (aOR = 5.24, 95% CI: 1.44-18.97).Conclusion: These results highlight the need to strengthen HIV prevention among FSWs, through behavior change strategies, and improve access to sexual and reproductive health services.","PeriodicalId":46303,"journal":{"name":"AIDS Research and Treatment","volume":"2017 ","pages":"9580548"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2017/9580548","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35681965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 9

Patient Experiences of Decentralized HIV Treatment and Care in Plateau State, North Central Nigeria: A Qualitative Study. 尼日利亚中北部高原州分散艾滋病毒治疗和护理的患者经验:一项定性研究。

IF 1.7

AIDS Research and Treatment Pub Date : 2017-01-01 Epub Date: 2017-02-26 DOI: 10.1155/2017/2838059

Grace O Kolawole, Hannah N Gilbert, Nancin Y Dadem, Becky L Genberg, Patricia A Agaba, Prosper Okonkwo, Oche O Agbaji, Norma C Ware

{"title":"Patient Experiences of Decentralized HIV Treatment and Care in Plateau State, North Central Nigeria: A Qualitative Study.","authors":"Grace O Kolawole, Hannah N Gilbert, Nancin Y Dadem, Becky L Genberg, Patricia A Agaba, Prosper Okonkwo, Oche O Agbaji, Norma C Ware","doi":"10.1155/2017/2838059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/2838059","url":null,"abstract":"Background. Decentralization of care and treatment for HIV infection in Africa makes services available in local health facilities. Decentralization has been associated with improved retention and comparable or superior treatment outcomes, but patient experiences are not well understood. Methods. We conducted a qualitative study of patient experiences in decentralized HIV care in Plateau State, north central Nigeria. Five decentralized care sites in the Plateau State Decentralization Initiative were purposefully selected. Ninety-three patients and 16 providers at these sites participated in individual interviews and focus groups. Data collection activities were audio-recorded and transcribed. Transcripts were inductively content analyzed to derive descriptive categories representing patient experiences of decentralized care. Results. Patient participants in this study experienced the transition to decentralized care as a series of \"trade-offs.\" Advantages cited included saving time and money on travel to clinic visits, avoiding dangers on the road, and the \"family-like atmosphere\" found in some decentralized clinics. Disadvantages were loss of access to ancillary services, reduced opportunities for interaction with providers, and increased risk of disclosure. Participants preferred decentralized services overall. Conclusion. Difficulty and cost of travel remain a fundamental barrier to accessing HIV care outside urban centers, suggesting increased availability of community-based services will be enthusiastically received.","PeriodicalId":46303,"journal":{"name":"AIDS Research and Treatment","volume":"2017 ","pages":"2838059"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2017/2838059","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34845602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 21

Describing Point of Entry into Care and Being Lost to Program in a Cohort of HIV Positive Pregnant Women in a Large Urban Centre in Uganda. 描述乌干达一个大型城市中心的HIV阳性孕妇队列进入护理点和失去方案。

IF 1.7

AIDS Research and Treatment Pub Date : 2017-01-01 Epub Date: 2017-04-02 DOI: 10.1155/2017/3527563

Rachel Musomba, Frank Mubiru, Shadia Nakalema, Hope Mackline, Ivan Kalule, Agnes N Kiragga, Rosalind Parkes Ratanshi, Barbara Castelnuovo

{"title":"Describing Point of Entry into Care and Being Lost to Program in a Cohort of HIV Positive Pregnant Women in a Large Urban Centre in Uganda.","authors":"Rachel Musomba, Frank Mubiru, Shadia Nakalema, Hope Mackline, Ivan Kalule, Agnes N Kiragga, Rosalind Parkes Ratanshi, Barbara Castelnuovo","doi":"10.1155/2017/3527563","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2017/3527563","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. We aim to describe the time of entry into care and factors associated with being lost to program (LTP) in pregnant women on Option B Plus in an integrated HIV and antenatal care (ANC) clinic in Uganda. Methods. We included all pregnant women enrolled into the integrated HIV-ANC clinic from January 2012 to 31st July 2014, while the follow up period extended up to October 30th 2015. LTP was defined as being out of care for ≥3 months. Results. Overall 856 women were included. Only 36.4% (86/236) of the women were enrolled in the first trimester. Overall 69 (8.1%) were LTP. In the multivariate analysis older women (HR: 0.80 per five-year increase, CI: 0.64-1.0, and P = 0.060) and women on ART at the time of pregnancy (0.58, CI: 0.34-0.98, and P = 0.040) were more likely not to be LTP. Among women already on ART at the time of pregnancy no factor was associated with LTP. Conclusion. Our results suggest the need for interventions to enhance prompt linkage of HIV positive women to HIV services for ART initiation and for increased retention particularly in young and ART naive women.","PeriodicalId":46303,"journal":{"name":"AIDS Research and Treatment","volume":"2017 ","pages":"3527563"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2017/3527563","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34964592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 12

Mortality and Its Predictors among HIV Infected Patients Taking Antiretroviral Treatment in Ethiopia: A Systematic Review. 埃塞俄比亚接受抗逆转录病毒治疗的艾滋病毒感染者死亡率及其预测因素:一项系统综述

IF 1.7

AIDS Research and Treatment Pub Date : 2017-01-01 Epub Date: 2017-10-30 DOI: 10.1155/2017/5415298

Mohammed Biset Ayalew

{"title":"Mortality and Its Predictors among HIV Infected Patients Taking Antiretroviral Treatment in Ethiopia: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Mohammed Biset Ayalew","doi":"10.1155/2017/5415298","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/5415298","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Even though the benefit of antiretroviral therapy (ART) is well established, there is a regional variation in the extent of its benefit. The aim of this review is to highlight mortality and its predictors in Ethiopian adult HIV patients who were on ART.Methods: Relevant articles were searched on PubMed and Google Scholar databases. The search terms used in different combinations were predictor/determinant/factors, mortality/death/survival, HIV, ART/HAART, and Ethiopia.Result: 5-40.8% of the patients died during the follow-up period. More than half (50-68.8%) of the deaths occurred within 6 months of initiating ART. Advanced stage disease (stage III and stage IV), nonworking functional status (bedridden and ambulatory), low baseline CD4 count, low baseline hemoglobin level, TB coinfection, lower baseline weight, and poor treatment adherence were commonly identified as predictors of death in HIV patients.Conclusion: 5-40.8% of HIV patients in Ethiopia die in 2-5 years of initiating antiretroviral treatment. Most of the deaths in HIV patients occur early in the course of treatment. Special emphasis should be given for patients with advanced stage disease, nonworking functional status, low baseline CD4 count, low baseline hemoglobin level, TB coinfection, lower baseline weight, and poor treatment adherence.","PeriodicalId":46303,"journal":{"name":"AIDS Research and Treatment","volume":"2017 ","pages":"5415298"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2017/5415298","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35228568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 53