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International Review of Social History最新文献

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An Apology for Unreal Wages: Building Labourers and Living Standards in the Southern Low Countries (1290–1560)
IF 0.8 2区 历史学
International Review of Social History Pub Date : 2025-02-27 DOI: 10.1017/s0020859025000045
Sam Geens, Bruno Blondé
{"title":"An Apology for Unreal Wages: Building Labourers and Living Standards in the Southern Low Countries (1290–1560)","authors":"Sam Geens, Bruno Blondé","doi":"10.1017/s0020859025000045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0020859025000045","url":null,"abstract":"Although real wages have long been a cornerstone of our understanding of the premodern economy, in recent years historians have become sceptical about their usefulness as a proxy for living standards. One of the main concerns is that, before industrialization, most households did not depend on wages but were self-employed. This article therefore proposes a new methodology to test the representativeness of real wage series for the general population by comparing changes in the purchasing power of builders’ wages with the relative position of building labourers in tax lists. Not surprisingly, it confirms their exceptional position, which evolved according to remuneration. Instead of disregarding the unreal wages, the methodology shows a promising path forward. The relationship between changes in wage income and the relative position in fiscal sources can be exploited to identify other groups who were or became dependent on this type of labour. Accordingly, it holds the potential to retrace shifts in the functional distribution of income and the wage systems for different groups in the premodern economy.","PeriodicalId":46254,"journal":{"name":"International Review of Social History","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143528337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Wage Determination and Employer Power in the Labour Market for Servants: Evidence from England and Wales, 1780–1834
IF 0.8 2区 历史学
International Review of Social History Pub Date : 2025-02-20 DOI: 10.1017/s0020859024000944
Moritz Kaiser
{"title":"Wage Determination and Employer Power in the Labour Market for Servants: Evidence from England and Wales, 1780–1834","authors":"Moritz Kaiser","doi":"10.1017/s0020859024000944","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0020859024000944","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This paper investigates the labour market for female servants in England and Wales between 1780 and 1834, using previously unexplored archival materials alongside qualitative sources. After introducing the dataset, the study provides a micro-level analysis of wage determinants and traces the sources and evolution of employer market power. The findings show that real wages fell substantially during the early decades of the nineteenth century and stagnated throughout the period from 1780 to 1834. Amid rising cost-of-living pressures in the early 1800s, declining real wages were accompanied by increased nominal wage bunching, suggesting greater employer market power. These trends are contextualized with insights from servants’ autobiographies and household manuals. The combined quantitative and qualitative evidence suggests that service labour markets were highly localized, employers coordinated wage-setting and working conditions, and servants faced barriers to job mobility due to living in tied housing, difficulties in recovering unpaid wages, and the critical role of character references. The results indicate that employers in the largest segment of the labour market had considerable wage-setting power, which intensified during the early years of industrialization.</p>","PeriodicalId":46254,"journal":{"name":"International Review of Social History","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143451437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
“The Very Soul Must Be Held in Bondage!”: Alice Victoria Kinloch's Critical Examination of South Africa's Diamond-Mining Compounds “灵魂必须被束缚！”： Alice Victoria Kinloch对南非钻石开采化合物的批判性考察
IF 0.8 2区 历史学
International Review of Social History Pub Date : 2025-01-21 DOI: 10.1017/s002085902400097x
Rafael de Azevedo, Tijl Vanneste
{"title":"“The Very Soul Must Be Held in Bondage!”: Alice Victoria Kinloch's Critical Examination of South Africa's Diamond-Mining Compounds","authors":"Rafael de Azevedo, Tijl Vanneste","doi":"10.1017/s002085902400097x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s002085902400097x","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This article focuses on the intellectual efforts made by a South African activist named Alice Kinloch, one of the first people to openly criticize the violence perpetrated against black mineworkers in Kimberley's compound system, at the end of nineteenth century. In the first section, we focus on Alice Kinloch's early life, her involvement in early Pan-Africanism in Britain, and the beginning of her efforts to denounce the compound system. In section two, we shift our analysis to the interaction between missionaries working in the compounds, and the colonialist discourse on “civilizing the natives”. As representatives of the Christian faith, in which Alice Kinloch also was brought up, missionaries play a central role in her critique, which takes aim at their collaboration, as Christians, with a system of racist violence that, in Kinloch's eyes, had nothing to do with the “civilization” it claimed to bring. The conclusions Alice Kinloch drew on observing the compound system were published in Manchester in 1897. In the third section we dive into her pamphlet <span>Are South African Diamonds Worth Their Cost?</span>, in which she condemned the hypocrisy inherent in the compound system and laments its effects on the black mineworkers subjected to a horrible regime.</p>","PeriodicalId":46254,"journal":{"name":"International Review of Social History","volume":"57 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142991210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Antwerp's Joys: Diamonds, Jewish Immigrant Workers, and Labour Organization in the Interwar Period 安特卫普的欢乐：两次世界大战期间的钻石、犹太移民工人和劳工组织
IF 0.8 2区 历史学
International Review of Social History Pub Date : 2025-01-13 DOI: 10.1017/s0020859024000968
Janiv Stamberger
{"title":"Antwerp's Joys: Diamonds, Jewish Immigrant Workers, and Labour Organization in the Interwar Period","authors":"Janiv Stamberger","doi":"10.1017/s0020859024000968","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0020859024000968","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In the 1920s, Eastern European Jewish immigrants settled in Antwerp and became economically active in the diamond industry. While historians have focused on the role of Jewish commerce and the development of the diamond industry in Antwerp, the role of Jewish labour has been paid only scant attention. The current article focuses on the specific economic position of Eastern European Jewish immigrant diamond workers in Antwerp. It sheds light on the social and working conditions under which Jewish immigrants laboured. The reaction of Belgian diamond workers and their union towards the arrival of Jewish immigrants in the industry is also discussed. Special interest is accorded to the attempts of Jewish political parties and the Diamantbewerkersbond van België (ADB, General Diamond Workers Union of Belgium) to unionize the new arrivals. In this way, the article aims to contribute to a better understanding of the dynamics between immigrant labour, union organization, and (imported) political ideologies in the attempts to integrate foreign workers within the industry.</p>","PeriodicalId":46254,"journal":{"name":"International Review of Social History","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142968101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
In-kind Wages: Understanding Workers’ Strategies to Cope with Inflation and Poverty 实物工资：理解工人应对通货膨胀和贫困的策略
IF 0.8 2区 历史学
International Review of Social History Pub Date : 2024-12-30 DOI: 10.1017/s0020859024000610
Carmen Sarasúa
{"title":"In-kind Wages: Understanding Workers’ Strategies to Cope with Inflation and Poverty","authors":"Carmen Sarasúa","doi":"10.1017/s0020859024000610","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0020859024000610","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Although non-monetary benefits remain an important component of most workers’ wages in today's industrial economies, development economists and economic historians tend to view such payments as a remnant of older, obsolete labour regimes. But when in-kind wages are assumed to be exploitative, an outcome of market inefficiencies, or simply the result of limited supply of coinage, their actual economic functions can be obscured. Once we drop the constraints imposed by such assumptions and look at the historical evidence, we are forced to confront the possibility that workers actually used them to their advantage.</p><p>In this article, I analyse how in-kind wages functioned in certain historical contexts, and conclude that available explanations are far too limited. As the historical cases studied show, the different forms of in-kind payments must be examined because those forms – not just overall wage levels – helped determine labour supply, social and occupational mobility, and even capital formation.</p><p>The goods and services that made up in-kind payments also provide a fuller understanding of gender wage gaps. Non-monetary wages gave workers options that cash wages did not, and so created and reproduced fundamental inequalities among different groups.</p>","PeriodicalId":46254,"journal":{"name":"International Review of Social History","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142901654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The History of Trade Unionism and Working Class Politics as Social Movement History: Three Volumes on the Nordic Countries 作为社会运动史的《工会主义和工人阶级政治史》：北欧国家三卷
IF 0.8 2区 历史学
International Review of Social History Pub Date : 2024-11-27 DOI: 10.1017/s0020859024000634
Ad Knotter
{"title":"The History of Trade Unionism and Working Class Politics as Social Movement History: Three Volumes on the Nordic Countries","authors":"Ad Knotter","doi":"10.1017/s0020859024000634","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0020859024000634","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In the past twenty years or so, the Nordic countries (Denmark, Norway, Sweden, Finland, and Iceland) have seen a “renewal” in labour history. Thanks to exchanges outside the Nordic sphere and the “global turn” in labour history, new questions have been raised and topics addressed. Increased attention has been paid to the variations of labour and labour relations (including coerced labour), to working lives and the workplace, and to gender. The studies under review in this essay testify to the ongoing evolution of labour movement history in the Nordic countries in recent years.</p>","PeriodicalId":46254,"journal":{"name":"International Review of Social History","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142718533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
“Human Beings Are Too Cheap in India”: Wages and Work Organization as Business Strategies in Bombay's Late Colonial Textile Industry "印度的劳动力太廉价"：孟买殖民后期纺织业作为商业策略的工资和工作组织
IF 0.8 2区 历史学
International Review of Social History Pub Date : 2024-11-11 DOI: 10.1017/s0020859024000579
Elise van Nederveen Meerkerk, Aditi Dixit
{"title":"“Human Beings Are Too Cheap in India”: Wages and Work Organization as Business Strategies in Bombay's Late Colonial Textile Industry","authors":"Elise van Nederveen Meerkerk, Aditi Dixit","doi":"10.1017/s0020859024000579","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0020859024000579","url":null,"abstract":"This article examines the business strategies employed by early twentieth-century Bombay mill owners in work organization and wage differentiation. The traditionally highly segmented and fluctuating domestic textile markets in India were further complicated by colonial free trade policies, making them highly competitive. This prompted Bombay mills to adopt various strategies, including maintaining a flexible workforce, product diversification, tailoring sales strategies to the Indian market, and increasing labour inputs, related to their heavy reliance on short-stapled Indian raw cotton. Using detailed and disaggregated data reported by textile mills in Bombay during the 1920s and 1930s, this article investigates how employers adopted these strategies in tandem with distinct wage-setting systems as management tools to depress the wage bill. By analysing the motivations behind the adoption of or resistance to these tools across different operations within the production process – such as weaving, spinning, reeling, and winding – the article reveals how gendered and social-class stratifications shaped these strategies and led to wage disparities across the industry. Ultimately, these labour-intensive strategies, conditioned by the broader colonial context in which India's textile industry developed, were at the root of the lower productivity of Indian workers, with long-run adverse consequences for India's general industrial development.","PeriodicalId":46254,"journal":{"name":"International Review of Social History","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142598096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Workers Reconstituting the Factory 工人重建工厂
IF 0.8 2区 历史学
International Review of Social History Pub Date : 2024-09-30 DOI: 10.1017/s0020859024000348
Bridget Kenny
{"title":"Workers Reconstituting the Factory","authors":"Bridget Kenny","doi":"10.1017/s0020859024000348","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0020859024000348","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This comment on Moritz Altenried's <span>The Digital Factory</span> discusses how the book offers four interrelated theoretical contributions to the study of labour in the digital economy – redefining the factory, specifying digital Taylorism, materializing its infrastructure, and mapping class relations – through four sites of investigation. The piece discusses the implications of the resulting multiplication of labour and labour relations for reconfigured class relations and resistance and argues that the differentiated social relations across spatial and material contexts ask for a theorization of the conjunctural nature of these relations.</p>","PeriodicalId":46254,"journal":{"name":"International Review of Social History","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142330094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
On Power at Work 关于工作中的权力
IF 0.8 2区 历史学
International Review of Social History Pub Date : 2024-09-23 DOI: 10.1017/s0020859024000543
Chitra Joshi
{"title":"On Power at Work","authors":"Chitra Joshi","doi":"10.1017/s0020859024000543","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0020859024000543","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Power at Work: A Global Perspective on Control and Resistance. Edited by Marcel van der Linden and Nicole Mayer-Ahuja. Work in Global and Historical Perspective, volume 16. Berlin: De Gruyter Oldenbourg, 2023, xi, 342 pp.</p>","PeriodicalId":46254,"journal":{"name":"International Review of Social History","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142306339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Navigating Labour Shifts: Early Modern Pearl Fishing in the Caribbean (1521–1563) 引导劳动力转移：加勒比海早期现代珍珠捕捞（1521-1563 年）
IF 0.8 2区 历史学
International Review of Social History Pub Date : 2024-09-23 DOI: 10.1017/s0020859024000567
Fidel Rodríguez Velásquez
{"title":"Navigating Labour Shifts: Early Modern Pearl Fishing in the Caribbean (1521–1563)","authors":"Fidel Rodríguez Velásquez","doi":"10.1017/s0020859024000567","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0020859024000567","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Narratives about indigenous labour in the pearl fisheries of the Caribbean, widely disseminated across the Atlantic world since the sixteenth century by Castilian chroniclers, have significantly shaped historiography. These accounts have reinforced a singular narrative about labour within pearl fisheries that overlooks this work's spatial and temporal changes in sea depths. This article examines and reconstructs the labour practices of workers in the pearl fisheries on the islands of Cubagua, Margarita, and Coche, as well as the coast of Cabo de la Vela and Riohacha, highlighting their temporal and spatial transformations. Additionally, it analyses the coexistence of various forms of coerced labour within this context.</p>","PeriodicalId":46254,"journal":{"name":"International Review of Social History","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142306338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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