International Review of Social History最新文献_第10页

Absolute Obedience: Servants and Masters on Danish Estates in the Nineteenth Century 绝对服从:19世纪丹麦庄园的仆人和主人

IF 0.8 2区历史学

International Review of Social History Pub Date : 2023-03-02 DOI: 10.1017/s0020859022000918

Dorte Kook Lyngholm

{"title":"Absolute Obedience: Servants and Masters on Danish Estates in the Nineteenth Century","authors":"Dorte Kook Lyngholm","doi":"10.1017/s0020859022000918","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0020859022000918","url":null,"abstract":"This article examines legal relations between estate owners and their servants and workers on Danish estates in the nineteenth century. From the end of the eighteenth century onwards, the traditional privileged role of Danish estate owners was changing, and their special legal status as “heads of household” over the entire population on their estates was slowly being undermined. The article investigates the relationship between estate owners and their servants and workers in legislation and court cases during these times of change. It examines the Danish servant acts from 1791 and 1854 and identifies the asymmetric order of subordination and superiority in this legislation. The core of the relationship was still a “contractual submission” that, to some extent, was private and unregulated by law, and estate owners were entitled to impose sanctions and physical punishment on their servants and workers according to their own judgement. When the Servant Law of 1854 abolished estate owners’ right to punish adult servants physically, it was a significant break from the old legal order. However, a central element in the legislation, before and after 1854, was that servants’ and workers’ disobedience towards estate owners was illegal. By analysing court cases, the article examines the borderlands of the legal definition of disobedience. The elasticity in the legal system was substantial – and frequently favoured the owners. In the legal system, the notion of disobedience served to protect the last remnants of the traditional legal order of submission and superiority.","PeriodicalId":46254,"journal":{"name":"International Review of Social History","volume":"63 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50167209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Moving to Your Place: Labour Coercion and Punitive Violence against Minors under Guardianship (Charcas, Sixteenth through Eighteenth Centuries) 搬到你的地方:对未成年人的劳动强迫和惩罚性暴力(查卡斯，16至18世纪)

IF 0.8 2区历史学

International Review of Social History Pub Date : 2023-03-02 DOI: 10.1017/S0020859022000888

Paola A. Revilla Orías

引用次数: 0

The Political Economy of Punishment: Slavery and Violence in Nineteenth-Century Brazil and the United States 惩罚的政治经济学:19世纪巴西和美国的奴隶制和暴力

IF 0.8 2区历史学

International Review of Social History Pub Date : 2023-02-28 DOI: 10.1017/S0020859022000876

Marcelo Rosanova Ferraro

引用次数: 0

The 1886 Southwest Railroad Strike, J. West Goodwin's Law and Order League, and the Blacklisting of Martin Irons 1886年西南铁路罢工，古德温的法律与秩序联盟，以及马丁·艾恩斯的黑名单

IF 0.8 2区历史学

International Review of Social History Pub Date : 2023-02-27 DOI: 10.1017/s0020859023000020

Chad Pearson

{"title":"The 1886 Southwest Railroad Strike, J. West Goodwin's Law and Order League, and the Blacklisting of Martin Irons","authors":"Chad Pearson","doi":"10.1017/s0020859023000020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0020859023000020","url":null,"abstract":"This article explores blacklisting practices following the massive 1886 Southwest strike staged by the Knights of Labor (KOL) against Jay Gould's railroad empire. It focuses mostly on strike leader Martin Irons and blacklisting advocate and newspaperman J. West Goodwin. The strike, which started in Sedalia, Missouri, before spreading to other states, was a disaster for the KOL. The union declined in its aftermath chiefly because of the repression unleashed by public and private forces, including businessmen-led Law and Order Leagues. After the strike, employers blacklisted many, including strike leader and Sedalia resident Martin Irons. Irons, constantly on the move, suffered from joblessness, underemployment, arrests, and broken health before he died in central Texas in 1900. Few blacklisting advocates wanted Irons to suffer more than J. West Goodwin. The Law and Order League leader and newspaperman repeatedly wrote about what he considered Martin Irons's moral lapses and shortsightedness. By focusing on Goodwin's promotion of blacklisting and Irons's post-strike struggles, this essay helps us better appreciate the underexplored dimensions of this form of punishment.","PeriodicalId":46254,"journal":{"name":"International Review of Social History","volume":"63 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50167211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Caught In-Between: Coerced Intermediaries in the Jails of Colonial India 夹在中间:殖民时期印度监狱中被胁迫的中间人

IF 0.8 2区历史学

International Review of Social History Pub Date : 2023-02-22 DOI: 10.1017/S0020859023000044

Michaela Dimmers

{"title":"Caught In-Between: Coerced Intermediaries in the Jails of Colonial India","authors":"Michaela Dimmers","doi":"10.1017/S0020859023000044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0020859023000044","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This article analyses the role coerced intermediaries had on colonial power and authority in the prisons of British India. Coerced intermediaries in this context were convicts placed in positions of control by the colonial prison administration as warders, overseers, and night watchmen and night watchwomen, summarized here under the term “convict officers”. These convict officers were employed by the colonial authorities to maintain a coercive order and became essential to the exercise of colonial authority and control in the prisons of British India. The article argues that with their employment, the colonial administration created a third group within its prisons, situated between the colonial administration and the inmates. This contradictory practice blurred the lines of colonial control and authority and raises larger questions about intermediation by unfree and coerced people in unfree and coerced colonial contexts. The focus here is not so much on what intermediation is but on what it does. At the same time, the article relates the system of convict officers as intermediaries to the theoretical concepts used by Foucault and Goffman and questions the binarity used in most of their theories.","PeriodicalId":46254,"journal":{"name":"International Review of Social History","volume":"39 1","pages":"237 - 251"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84038795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Work of Retirement 退休后的工作

IF 0.8 2区历史学

International Review of Social History Pub Date : 2023-02-20 DOI: 10.1017/s0020859023000196

Jeffrey Sklansky

{"title":"The Work of Retirement","authors":"Jeffrey Sklansky","doi":"10.1017/s0020859023000196","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0020859023000196","url":null,"abstract":"In the past few decades, caregivers, such as nursing assistants and home health aides, have come to compose the fastest-growing segment of the paid workforce in the United States. At the same time, corporate caretakers of workers’ savings, such as pension funds and mutual funds, have become the nation's largest investors, bound by fiduciary duties of trust. And unprecedented numbers of elder employees and retirees have become the biggest supposed beneficiaries of both care labor and trust capital, depending on health workers and asset managers in their daily lives. At the center of this emerging structure of work, wealth, and welfare lies the pension system, a telling crucible of class relations in our time. Several recent books across different disciplines examine the shifting politics of pensions in the United States and around the world. The spate of new studies presents an opportunity to explore the remarkable role of retirement funds in reorganizing labor and finance over the past fifty years. Rather than offering a historiographical critique of current work, this expository essay surveys the main findings of a larger and longer body of scholarship on organized labor and investment related to pensions. Though focused on the United States, it places the American story in a comparative context. The survey points to a fertile field for further study: as retirees have increasingly relied on professional asset managers and caregivers, the finance and health sectors have undergone converging crises over fiduciary duty and elder care, posing parallel challenges for organized labor.","PeriodicalId":46254,"journal":{"name":"International Review of Social History","volume":"63 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50167213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

“Full Rights” Feminists in South Asia: Freedom, Equality, and Justice – ERRATUM 南亚的“充分权利”女权主义者:自由、平等与正义

2区历史学

International Review of Social History Pub Date : 2023-02-08 DOI: 10.1017/s0020859023000056

Samita Sen

引用次数: 0

Regulating Labour through Foreign Punishment? Codification and Sanction at Work in New Kingdom Egypt 通过涉外处罚规范劳动?新王国埃及的编纂与制裁

IF 0.8 2区历史学

International Review of Social History Pub Date : 2023-01-17 DOI: 10.1017/S0020859022000852

Alex A. Loktionov

{"title":"Regulating Labour through Foreign Punishment? Codification and Sanction at Work in New Kingdom Egypt","authors":"Alex A. Loktionov","doi":"10.1017/S0020859022000852","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0020859022000852","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This paper investigates two New Kingdom Egyptian texts pertaining to labour regulation: the Karnak Decree of Horemheb and the Nauri Decree of Seti I. They focus on combating the unauthorized diverting of manpower and represent the oldest Egyptian texts (fourteenth–thirteenth century BCE) explicitly concerned with the legal dimension of managing the workforce. After a brief historical overview, the paper outlines each text's key content and stylistic features. It shows that while some of these are likely native to Egypt, others may have been imported from Mesopotamia. More specifically, it appears that the sentence structure is native Egyptian, but the sanctions deployed are likely of foreign origin, aligning more closely to the contemporary punitive tradition of Mesopotamia. This is probably no coincidence, given the close contact between Egypt and the broader Near East at that time. This uptake of foreign ideas may have achieved more efficient labour regulation by enforcing stricter rules for non-compliance while simultaneously maintaining a veneer of Egyptian authenticity in line with official state ideology.","PeriodicalId":46254,"journal":{"name":"International Review of Social History","volume":"33 1","pages":"33 - 52"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73549717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Status, Power, and Punishments: “Household Workers” in Late Imperial China 地位、权力与惩罚:帝制晚期中国的“家仆”

IF 0.8 2区历史学

International Review of Social History Pub Date : 2023-01-16 DOI: 10.1017/S002085902200089X

Claude Chevaleyre

{"title":"Status, Power, and Punishments: “Household Workers” in Late Imperial China","authors":"Claude Chevaleyre","doi":"10.1017/S002085902200089X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S002085902200089X","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In the past four decades or so, China scholars have shone a new light on the history of labour in late imperial China, particularly on the role of the household as a unit of production and on the contribution of women to commercial production and family income. Beyond members of the kin group itself, attention is seldom paid to the individuals brought into the Chinese households solely to provide additional manpower. To “break the carapace” of the late imperial Chinese household, this article focuses on the often-omitted “household workers”, that is, on its enslaved (nubi) and hired (gugong) constituents. It approaches the topic from the angle of the vulnerability of these non-kin “workers” to punishments and violence. To evaluate their vulnerability to punishment and gauge the disciplinary powers of the household heads, it examines the relationship between punishments and “household workers” in Ming law. It then explores lineage regulations, before moving closer to the ground by mobilizing a wider variety of day-to-day sources, such as contracts and narrative sources produced in the context of the late Ming and early Qing crisis.","PeriodicalId":46254,"journal":{"name":"International Review of Social History","volume":"13 1","pages":"109 - 134"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77705602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

“They Have No Property to Lose”: The Impasse of Free Labour in Lombard Silk Manufactures (1760–1810) “他们没有财产可以失去”:伦巴第丝绸制造业自由劳动的僵局(1760-1810)

IF 0.8 2区历史学

International Review of Social History Pub Date : 2023-01-16 DOI: 10.1017/s002085902200092x

Lorenzo Avellino

{"title":"“They Have No Property to Lose”: The Impasse of Free Labour in Lombard Silk Manufactures (1760–1810)","authors":"Lorenzo Avellino","doi":"10.1017/s002085902200092x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s002085902200092x","url":null,"abstract":"With the abolition of the guild system and the rise of a new legal regime based on free contract, a central dilemma emerged in Europe: how to enforce labour control in this new era of individual economic freedom. This article examines how this issue was addressed in the State of Milan, where ideas about freedom of contract championed by state reformers such as Pietro Verri and Cesare Beccaria were met with continued requests from merchant-manufacturers to apply corporal punishment and threat of imprisonment to ensure workers’ attendance. Analysing the new regulations, the ideological credos of the new regime, and the effectiveness of the reforms as they played out on the ground in the silk industry, this article shows that the chance that labour relations could be managed within a civil law regime appeared to be in direct contrast with the dominant conception of workers’ conditions, in particular their lack of propriety and good faith. As credit-debt bonds and limitations to weavers’ mobility stood as the most effective means to ensure labour coercion, a closer look at the daily interactions in the workshop allows us to shed new light on the rationality of workers’ practices like Saint Monday, cast by contemporary commentators in merely moralistic terms.","PeriodicalId":46254,"journal":{"name":"International Review of Social History","volume":"62 49","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50167218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0