Public Health Action最新文献_第7页

Building peer information exchange networks to improve child and adolescent TB care in Sub-Saharan Africa. 建立同行信息交流网络，以改善撒哈拉以南非洲的儿童和青少年结核病护理。

IF 1.6

Public Health Action Pub Date : 2025-12-03 eCollection Date: 2025-12-01 DOI: 10.5588/pha.25.0036

R Mande, S D Berger, B Moore, P Thekkur, J P Dongo, J Doyle, J Harris, S M Graham, R A Dlodlo

引用次数: 0

Active TB case finding in returnee coalminers and their home district communities in Pakistan. 在巴基斯坦归国矿工及其家乡社区发现活动性结核病例。

IF 1.6

Public Health Action Pub Date : 2025-12-03 eCollection Date: 2025-12-01 DOI: 10.5588/pha.25.0031

K U Eman, G N Kazi, U R Lodhi, B Kirubi, M Ali, M Shahzad, F Siraj, S A Raisani, S Ashraf, S John, S Tahseen, J Creswell

{"title":"Active TB case finding in returnee coalminers and their home district communities in Pakistan.","authors":"K U Eman, G N Kazi, U R Lodhi, B Kirubi, M Ali, M Shahzad, F Siraj, S A Raisani, S Ashraf, S John, S Tahseen, J Creswell","doi":"10.5588/pha.25.0031","DOIUrl":"10.5588/pha.25.0031","url":null,"abstract":"Setting: Five districts with large coalmining workforces in Pakistan.Objective: To assess the burden of TB among returnee coalminers (RCMs) and associated community members (ACMs) in their home districts through active case finding (ACF).Design: This cross-sectional study (October 2020-September 2021) used portable chest X-ray (CXR) with artificial intelligence (AI) in camps and verbal screening in camps and communities. Individuals screening positive were tested with GeneXpert, and those diagnosed were initiated on TB treatment.Results: A total of 150,242 individuals were screened, including 44% RCMs. Of these, 8.3% underwent CXR, 10% verbal screening in camps, and 81% verbal screening in communities. Symptoms were reported by 45% of RCMs and 15% of ACMs, while CXR abnormalities were comparable. TB was diagnosed in 226 RCMs and 204 ACMs, with overall prevalence per 100,000 of 341 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 296-385) and 243 (95% CI: 209-276), respectively. TB prevalence varied by screening strategy and was significantly higher among those screened with CXR: 1,156 in RCMs and 497 in ACMs.Conclusion: AI-assisted CXR was substantially more effective than verbal screening, detecting significantly higher numbers of TB cases among RCMs and ACMs, supporting its use for targeted ACF in high-risk populations.","PeriodicalId":46239,"journal":{"name":"Public Health Action","volume":"15 4","pages":"173-178"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12687118/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145726801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Can a TB outbreak be detected by reviewing the surveillance data? 是否可以通过审查监测数据发现结核暴发？

IF 1.6

Public Health Action Pub Date : 2025-12-03 eCollection Date: 2025-12-01 DOI: 10.5588/pha.25.0026

R Yamaguchi, T Umezawa, N Date, W Furusawa, T Maeki, K Uchimura, S Hirao, M Ota

{"title":"Can a TB outbreak be detected by reviewing the surveillance data?","authors":"R Yamaguchi, T Umezawa, N Date, W Furusawa, T Maeki, K Uchimura, S Hirao, M Ota","doi":"10.5588/pha.25.0026","DOIUrl":"10.5588/pha.25.0026","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To retrospectively review TB surveillance data to detect whether there was a possible outbreak in the area and verify it in the city of Sapporo, a megalopolis with a low burden of TB.Design: A cohort study in which TB notification rates of wards each year were compared with those for the rest of the city. If the rate was significantly higher, the notification rates by sex and age groups were further compared with those of the rest of the city.Results: Six possible TB outbreaks were found in six wards: Chuo in 2007, Atsubetsu in 2010, Higashi in 2014, Shiroishi in 2015, Nishi in 2017, and Minami in 2018. Further analysis found that the notification rates were significantly higher in specific sex and age groups than those of the rest of the city. The city's outbreak records showed three actual outbreaks (one in Atsubetsu ward in 2010 and two in Higashi in 2014) corresponding to two events found in our analysis.Conclusion: Our study shows that retrospectively reviewing TB surveillance data could detect possible outbreaks. Local health offices and prefectures of Japan should monitor their TB surveillance data at least monthly to detect possible outbreaks and take appropriate actions if needed.","PeriodicalId":46239,"journal":{"name":"Public Health Action","volume":"15 4","pages":"155-159"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12687121/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145726890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

SORT IT empowers oncology clinicians to boost research capacity and advance universal health coverage in India. SORT IT使肿瘤临床医生能够提高印度的研究能力和推进全民健康覆盖。

IF 1.6

Public Health Action Pub Date : 2025-12-03 eCollection Date: 2025-12-01 DOI: 10.5588/pha.25.0039

A Seshachalam, K Niraimathi, S G Raman, R Zachariah, P Thekkur

引用次数: 0

Development of a history-taking form for mesothelioma patients at risk of exposure to asbestos. 间皮瘤患者暴露于石棉风险的历史记录形式的发展。

IF 1.6

Public Health Action Pub Date : 2025-12-03 eCollection Date: 2025-12-01 DOI: 10.5588/pha.25.0024

R Singh, R Kumar, M Nagar, S B Kaipilyawar, H A Anderson, A V Jadhav, T Patel, T R Drischoll, E Prriya, S R Yadav, S Bishnoi, N Singh, K Kaur, A Jakhetiya, N van Zandwijk, S Kumari, D Khosla, S Rajan, A K Verma, A Bhatt, A Sharma, D K Sinha, A Kapoor, R Gill, R Dada, J Kishore, A L Frank

{"title":"Development of a history-taking form for mesothelioma patients at risk of exposure to asbestos.","authors":"R Singh, R Kumar, M Nagar, S B Kaipilyawar, H A Anderson, A V Jadhav, T Patel, T R Drischoll, E Prriya, S R Yadav, S Bishnoi, N Singh, K Kaur, A Jakhetiya, N van Zandwijk, S Kumari, D Khosla, S Rajan, A K Verma, A Bhatt, A Sharma, D K Sinha, A Kapoor, R Gill, R Dada, J Kishore, A L Frank","doi":"10.5588/pha.25.0024","DOIUrl":"10.5588/pha.25.0024","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Mesothelioma is causally established to be primarily related to asbestos exposure as a risk factor. Before considering other possible causative factors for mesothelioma, a detailed exposure history is warranted, which looks at possible prior exposures to asbestos. Some exposures may be unknown to patients, may be forgotten or may not be readily available as a comprehensive tool for the clinicians dealing with mesothelioma patients.Methods: We used the Delphi anonymous consensus technique to develop and validate a detailed, seven-sectioned, and comprehensive questionnaire that can be readily used by clinicians and researchers. Over two rounds, the experts followed a thorough and rigorous process to validate the questionnaire, including medical history along with occupational, non-occupational as well as para-occupational exposure to asbestos, and many other parameters that can be both rule in and rule out the possibility of mesothelioma. Questions have also been included to factor in other types of dust exposure for an informed differential diagnosis.Results: We have created a readily available history-taking questionnaire validated by experts, which can be replicated for other conditions and become an essential tool for diagnosis.Conclusion: Apart from accurate and informed diagnosis, this documentation can be valuable for epidemiological, research, policy-informing, legal and compensation related issues.","PeriodicalId":46239,"journal":{"name":"Public Health Action","volume":"15 4","pages":"160-163"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12687119/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145726872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Implementation of BMI field charts for nutritional assessment in adult patients with tuberculosis in Karnataka. 在卡纳塔克邦对成年结核病患者进行营养评估的BMI现场图表的实施。

IF 1.6

Public Health Action Pub Date : 2025-09-03 eCollection Date: 2025-09-01 DOI: 10.5588/pha.25.0017

M Bhargava, K M Akshaya, M N Badarudeen, S B Nagaraja, A Bhargava

{"title":"Implementation of BMI field charts for nutritional assessment in adult patients with tuberculosis in Karnataka.","authors":"M Bhargava, K M Akshaya, M N Badarudeen, S B Nagaraja, A Bhargava","doi":"10.5588/pha.25.0017","DOIUrl":"10.5588/pha.25.0017","url":null,"abstract":"Background: We tested the operational feasibility of body mass index (BMI) field charts in nutritional assessment of adult patients with tuberculosis (PwTB), which obviate calculations and provide nutritional status based on BMI and the ideal weight (BMI = 21 kg/m2).Methods: We trained primary health care providers (HCPs) in 39 primary health centres for nutritional assessment and classification and identifying the ideal weight using BMI field charts in PwTB. Using the descriptive statistics method, we analysed the collected data and reported the nutritional status in PwTB and the uptake of the field charts among the HCPs.Results: The median (interquartile range [IQR]) weight and BMI were 44 kg (37.0, 50.0) and 16.9 kg/m2 (15.2, 18.9), respectively, in 214 PwTB, of which 146 (68.2%) patients had a BMI of <18.5 kg/m2. The HCPs documented the ideal weight in 155 (72.4%) patients, which was correct in 147 (94.8%) patients. The median (IQR) weight deficit to achieve the ideal weight was 10.4 kg (7.3, 12.8) in men and 11.9 kg (7.0, 17.9) in women. For a BMI of 18.5 kg/m2, the deficit was 6.4 kg (3.4, 8.5) in men and 11.3 kg (4.6, 13.6) in women.Conclusion: The magnitude and severity of undernutrition in adult PwTB in a well-performing district of Karnataka in South India were high. A single training session successfully improved nutritional assessment and BMI field chart usage among the primary HCPs.","PeriodicalId":46239,"journal":{"name":"Public Health Action","volume":"15 3","pages":"103-107"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12422703/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145041901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Role of triage audit in an ongoing differentiated TB care initiative to reduce deaths in Tamil Nadu, India. 分类审计在印度泰米尔纳德邦正在进行的减少死亡的差异化结核病治疗倡议中的作用。

IF 1.6

Public Health Action Pub Date : 2025-09-03 eCollection Date: 2025-09-01 DOI: 10.5588/pha.25.0015

A Jeyakumar, S Kalaiselvi, D Nair, R Vijayaprabha, D Kabir, J M Melfha, T Bhatnagar, R Srinivasan, K Gayathri, K Boopathi, R S Vaman, V Rajan, S Shanmugasundaram, A Frederick, H D Shewade

{"title":"Role of triage audit in an ongoing differentiated TB care initiative to reduce deaths in Tamil Nadu, India.","authors":"A Jeyakumar, S Kalaiselvi, D Nair, R Vijayaprabha, D Kabir, J M Melfha, T Bhatnagar, R Srinivasan, K Gayathri, K Boopathi, R S Vaman, V Rajan, S Shanmugasundaram, A Frederick, H D Shewade","doi":"10.5588/pha.25.0015","DOIUrl":"10.5588/pha.25.0015","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: In the ongoing India's first state-wide differentiated TB care programme in Tamil Nadu (TN-KET), adults diagnosed with drug-sensitive TB at public facilities undergo triage. The adults with severe undernutrition, respiratory insufficiency, or poor performance status are prioritised for comprehensive assessment and inpatient care. Although the programme met triage coverage targets, 11 districts failed to achieve the goal of a 30% reduction in TB death rates. This study compares aggregate triage coverage with actual coverage and evaluates the quality of programme-reported triaging data against an investigator-led audit (repeat assessments in the field) within a few weeks of diagnosis.Design: An ecological study using routine programme data (April 2022-June 2024) was conducted for the first objective, and a cross-sectional analytical study with primary and secondary data (August 2024-February 2025) was performed for the triage audit.Results: Among 48,905 adults with drug-sensitive TB notified, the true triage coverage was 84% against the reported triage coverage of 113%. The triage audit showed 35.7% were triage-positive, compared with 27.6% through TB SeWA (Severe TB Web Application). The mean weight and body mass index from the audit were 0.82 kg and 0.63 kg/m2 lower than TB SeWA data, and oedema was unassessed in 65% of the adults with TB.Conclusion: The districts need to address inadequate triage coverage and suboptimal quality of triaging.","PeriodicalId":46239,"journal":{"name":"Public Health Action","volume":"15 3","pages":"118-123"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12421824/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145041780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Implementing standardised community-based service package to improve TB outcomes in six countries. 在六个国家实施以社区为基础的标准化一揽子服务，以改善结核病结果。

IF 1.6

Public Health Action Pub Date : 2025-09-03 eCollection Date: 2025-09-01 DOI: 10.5588/pha.25.0021

M Volik, L Tonkonoh, Y Kalancha, P Valieva, N Heydarova, D Zhurkin, N Shumskaia, O Bobokhojaev, S Naimov, O Klymenko, S Hasanova, O Rucsineanu

{"title":"Implementing standardised community-based service package to improve TB outcomes in six countries.","authors":"M Volik, L Tonkonoh, Y Kalancha, P Valieva, N Heydarova, D Zhurkin, N Shumskaia, O Bobokhojaev, S Naimov, O Klymenko, S Hasanova, O Rucsineanu","doi":"10.5588/pha.25.0021","DOIUrl":"10.5588/pha.25.0021","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Although the need for community-based support services as part of TB care is reaffirmed in various strategies, there are no data on the implementation progress of the recommended standardised package of community-based support services to improve TB outcomes developed by a consortium of partners in 2021.Methods: The study describes country adaptation and initial planned implementation of the community-based packages in six countries of Eastern Europe and Central Asia - Azerbaijan; the Republic of Belarus (Belarus); the Kyrgyz Republic (Kyrgyzstan); the Republic of Moldova (Moldova); Tajikistan; and Ukraine - using programme review and qualitative data.Results: An analysis of the package adaptation and initial implementation is presented from the perspective of the country implementers with a focus on country-specific approaches and lessons learned. The analysis framework is focused on the following specific areas: 1) adaptation practices; 2) ensuring quality and supervision of the services; and 3) securing funding. Commonalities and differences in each of these areas are analysed.Conclusion: In all countries, standardised community-based service packages were adapted and gradually introduced to support clinical TB care. Proper costing and monitoring of the services delivered at the community levels and integrating the budgeted packages into national TB programmes are recommended to ensure sustainability.","PeriodicalId":46239,"journal":{"name":"Public Health Action","volume":"15 3","pages":"124-128"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12421823/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145041866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Knowledge, enablers, and barriers to TB preventive treatment among health care workers. 卫生保健工作者在结核病预防治疗方面的知识、促进因素和障碍。

IF 1.6

Public Health Action Pub Date : 2025-09-03 eCollection Date: 2025-09-01 DOI: 10.5588/pha.24.0044

O Chukwuogo, O Daniel, A Ihesie, R Eneogu, B Odume, A Agbaje, D Nongo, J Kuye, O Oyelaran, W Van Gemert, L Mupfumi, E Akpanowo, S Asuke, C D'auvergne, O Chijioke-Akaniro, C Anyaike, S Olarewaju

{"title":"Knowledge, enablers, and barriers to TB preventive treatment among health care workers.","authors":"O Chukwuogo, O Daniel, A Ihesie, R Eneogu, B Odume, A Agbaje, D Nongo, J Kuye, O Oyelaran, W Van Gemert, L Mupfumi, E Akpanowo, S Asuke, C D'auvergne, O Chijioke-Akaniro, C Anyaike, S Olarewaju","doi":"10.5588/pha.24.0044","DOIUrl":"10.5588/pha.24.0044","url":null,"abstract":"Background: As part of its TB control efforts, the Nigeria National TB Program has prioritised implementation of TB preventive treatment (TPT) especially among all contacts of TB patients. This study aims to assess knowledge, perceived enablers, and barriers to TPT among health care workers (HCWs) in Nigeria.Methods: This was a cross-sectional descriptive study using mixed methods. Quantitative data were collected from 434 HCWs and analysed using SPSS version 25, and in-depth interviews were conducted on 36 purposely selected HCWs with thematic analysis.Result: More than half of the respondents (55.7%) had good knowledge of TPT. Nurses, doctors, and other HCWs working in public tertiary institutions had better knowledge compared with other cadres. Adequate knowledge of types of TPT regimens and belief in their effectiveness were elicited as enablers, whereas barriers included suboptimal contact tracing system, TPT stock-outs, long duration of TPT, unavailability of TB infection testing before TPT, absence of transport logistics support for patients to receive TPT, and poor HCW capacity.Conclusion: HCWs in public tertiary settings had better knowledge of TPT. Successful scale-up of TPT services requires competency building for other cadres and interventions addressing other identifiable barriers.","PeriodicalId":46239,"journal":{"name":"Public Health Action","volume":"15 3","pages":"113-117"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12422701/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145041899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Decentralising DR-TB care: the trade-off between quality of care and service coverage in the early phase of implementation. 分散耐药结核病治疗：早期实施阶段护理质量与服务覆盖之间的权衡。

IF 1.6

Public Health Action Pub Date : 2025-09-03 eCollection Date: 2025-09-01 DOI: 10.5588/pha.25.0004

W Jassat, M Moshabela, M P Nicol, L Dickson, H Cox, K Mlisana, J Black, M Loveday, A D Grant, K Kielmann, H Schneider

{"title":"Decentralising DR-TB care: the trade-off between quality of care and service coverage in the early phase of implementation.","authors":"W Jassat, M Moshabela, M P Nicol, L Dickson, H Cox, K Mlisana, J Black, M Loveday, A D Grant, K Kielmann, H Schneider","doi":"10.5588/pha.25.0004","DOIUrl":"10.5588/pha.25.0004","url":null,"abstract":"Background: A policy of decentralised care for drug-resistant TB (DR-TB) was introduced in South Africa in 2011. We describe a trade-off between increasing coverage of services and poor quality of care, in the early phase of policy implementation.Methods: This was a mixed methods case study, comparing implementation in KwaZulu-Natal and Western Cape provinces; with interviews and quantitative analysis of routine DR-TB programme data. We analysed qualitative data, thematically organizing findings into inputs, processes, and outputs to explore how decentralisation influenced quality of DR-TB care.Results: Decentralisation of DR-TB care expanded access across provinces but there was wide variation in pace, planning and structural readiness. Where rapid scale-up outpaced capacity-building, weaknesses in resourcing, workforce, and clinical governance compromised quality of care. Two illustrative examples highlight that decentralisation to inadequately resourced sites resulted in morbidity to patients who did not receive effective monitoring for adverse events; and decentralising services to inadequately capacitated clinicians resulted in incorrect initiation in more complex cases and late referral of clinical complications.Conclusions: Attempts to decentralise DR-TB treatment in the context of complex treatment algorithms and limited health system capacity resulted in trade-offs of care quality. We argue that quality of care should be an essential consideration in early implementation of health programmes.","PeriodicalId":46239,"journal":{"name":"Public Health Action","volume":"15 3","pages":"97-102"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12421840/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145041842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0