Public Health Action最新文献

A nationwide study of community- versus facility-based management of malaria in Sierra Leone from 2019 to 2023. 2019年至2023年塞拉利昂基于社区与基于设施的疟疾管理的全国研究。

IF 1.6

Public Health Action Pub Date : 2026-08-24 eCollection Date: 2026-08-01 DOI: 10.5588/pha.25.0050

M Sillah-Kanu, D Kamara, I F Kamara, B D Fofanah, O O Fiona, A O Vandy, A R Y Kamara, W K Lahai, H Owusu, R Zachariah, A Ramsay, A M Falama, M A Sesay, S Lakoh, M S Kanu, Y S Tejan, I SorieTuray, F Thomas, J S Squire

{"title":"A nationwide study of community- versus facility-based management of malaria in Sierra Leone from 2019 to 2023.","authors":"M Sillah-Kanu, D Kamara, I F Kamara, B D Fofanah, O O Fiona, A O Vandy, A R Y Kamara, W K Lahai, H Owusu, R Zachariah, A Ramsay, A M Falama, M A Sesay, S Lakoh, M S Kanu, Y S Tejan, I SorieTuray, F Thomas, J S Squire","doi":"10.5588/pha.25.0050","DOIUrl":"10.5588/pha.25.0050","url":null,"abstract":"Setting: A nationwide analysis in Sierra Leone using routine DHIS2 surveillance data, 2019-2023.Objectives: To compare community-based and health facility-based malaria case management among people presenting with fever in Sierra Leone from 2019 to 2023, in terms of 1) suspected malaria cases, 2) testing by microscopy or rapid diagnostic tests, and 3) timely initiation of artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT) within 24 h of reported fever onset, stratified by service level and age.Method: Observational, cross-sectional, comparative analysis of routinely collected national surveillance data.Results: A total of 16.4 million fever cases were reported, of which 90% were managed at health facilities and 10% by community health workers. Overall, 15.8 million cases were tested for malaria, and 10.0 million were confirmed. Timely initiation of ACT within 24 h of reported fever onset was higher among community-managed cases (72.1%) compared with facility-managed cases (61.8%) (risk ratio 1.7, 95% confidence interval: 1.16-1.19), including children under 5 years.Conclusion: Community-based malaria case management was associated with higher reported timeliness of ACT initiation compared with facility-based care. However, these findings should be interpreted cautiously, given that it is an observational design and the reliance on routinely collected surveillance data.","PeriodicalId":46239,"journal":{"name":"Public Health Action","volume":"16 3","pages":"141-144"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13502713/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148814328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Improving tuberculosis contact investigation in Chhattisgarh, India: early findings from operational research. 改进印度恰蒂斯加尔邦肺结核接触者调查：业务研究的早期发现。

IF 1.6

Public Health Action Pub Date : 2026-08-24 eCollection Date: 2026-08-01 DOI: 10.5588/pha.26.0014

C Malik, V Gupta, K Shringarpure, H A Gupte, Y Kalkonde, Y Jain, S Khanna, M Damani, N N Shah, K Sonwani, V R Keshri, H D Shewade

{"title":"Improving tuberculosis contact investigation in Chhattisgarh, India: early findings from operational research.","authors":"C Malik, V Gupta, K Shringarpure, H A Gupte, Y Kalkonde, Y Jain, S Khanna, M Damani, N N Shah, K Sonwani, V R Keshri, H D Shewade","doi":"10.5588/pha.26.0014","DOIUrl":"10.5588/pha.26.0014","url":null,"abstract":"Settings: Chhattisgarh state, central India, implemented measures to improve household contact investigation (HCI) monitoring and decentralising HCI to nearest primary care facility.Objectives: Comparing bacteriologically confirmed adults (≥18 years) with tuberculosis (TB) from October to December in 2023 and 2025, to assess changes in undergoing HCI, TB diagnosis, and TB preventive therapy (TPT) initiation (overall and children [<5 years]) after introducing HCI monitoring indicators and decentralising HCI to primary care.Design: Operational research using cross-sectional descriptive analysis of programme data.Results: Districts (n = 33) reporting monthly HCI indicators increased from 2 (6%) in October 2025 to 20 (60%) in January 2026. Notifications dropped from 4,221 to 3,196 and diagnosis through sputum microscopy from 1,315 to 51; while diagnosis by rapid molecular tests increased from 2,290 to 2,774. Marginal improvements occurred in current treatment facility as primary peripheral health institutes (46%-54%), undergoing HCI (75%-82.5%), average household contact identified per person with TB (2.8-3.1), and household contacts initiated on TPT (64%-70%). These changes were not observed among child (<5 years) contacts. TB diagnosis among contacts did not improve (overall and children [<5 years]).Conclusion: Early findings for HCI monitoring are encouraging. However, prioritising child (<5 years) contacts and bacteriological confirmation at primary care level is urgently needed.","PeriodicalId":46239,"journal":{"name":"Public Health Action","volume":"16 3","pages":"162-167"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13502496/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148814375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cough syrup buyers get referred but not tested: private pharmacy-based tuberculosis surveillance pilot in Jaipur, India. 止咳糖浆购买者被转诊，但没有接受检测：印度斋浦尔私营药店结核病监测试点。

IF 1.6

Public Health Action Pub Date : 2026-08-24 eCollection Date: 2026-08-01 DOI: 10.5588/pha.26.0017

K Gupta, A Phatak, P Manickam, V N Baig, H Abdullah, Y Singh, S Jain, S Nag, Y Saxena, A K Bhardwaj, K Roopchandani, D K Taneja, J Meena, H D Shewade

{"title":"Cough syrup buyers get referred but not tested: private pharmacy-based tuberculosis surveillance pilot in Jaipur, India.","authors":"K Gupta, A Phatak, P Manickam, V N Baig, H Abdullah, Y Singh, S Jain, S Nag, Y Saxena, A K Bhardwaj, K Roopchandani, D K Taneja, J Meena, H D Shewade","doi":"10.5588/pha.26.0017","DOIUrl":"10.5588/pha.26.0017","url":null,"abstract":"Setting: In the private sector of Rajasthan (north Indian state), missed tuberculosis (TB) notifications were seven times the reported notifications. The higher the private cough syrup sales in districts, the higher the missed TB notification.Objective: We assessed the operational feasibility of engaging private pharmacies to refer cough syrup buyers for TB testing by the routine health system in Jaipur II district, Rajasthan.Methods: This was a longitudinal descriptive study using aggregate secondary data. In collaboration with the state TB and drug control authorities, private pharmacy-based TB surveillance (PPTS) was piloted from November 2025 to January 2026. Random cross-verification of the care cascade data was done by designated district officials by telephonically contacting cough syrup buyers.Results: Of 2,413 cough syrup buyers shared by pharmacies, 759 (31%) were reported as tracked and 334 (44%) of them underwent sputum examinations, yielding three (1%) PPTS-detected TB. After cross-verification, we estimated that against ≈2200 (90% of 2,413) private cough syrup buyers, there were an estimated ≈110 (30% of 334) PPTS sputum examinations and three PPTS-detected TB (3%).Conclusion: Private pharmacies have the potential to share cough syrup buyers' details that can contribute to significant TB notifications. Tracking cough syrup buyers needs urgent attention.","PeriodicalId":46239,"journal":{"name":"Public Health Action","volume":"16 3","pages":"145-149"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13502715/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148814274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Addressing inequities in nutritional supplementation in tuberculosis: implementation research from Puducherry, India. 解决结核病患者营养补充方面的不公平现象：来自印度普杜切里的实施研究。

IF 1.6

Public Health Action Pub Date : 2026-08-24 eCollection Date: 2026-08-01 DOI: 10.5588/pha.26.0021

R Gouroumourty, K M Akshaya, M Verma, P Kandasamy, A R Dongre, S Mathivanan, N Sabarish, M Natarajan, M M Regy, V Couppoussamy

{"title":"Addressing inequities in nutritional supplementation in tuberculosis: implementation research from Puducherry, India.","authors":"R Gouroumourty, K M Akshaya, M Verma, P Kandasamy, A R Dongre, S Mathivanan, N Sabarish, M Natarajan, M M Regy, V Couppoussamy","doi":"10.5588/pha.26.0021","DOIUrl":"10.5588/pha.26.0021","url":null,"abstract":"Settings: Operational research conducted in Puducherry identified gaps in achieving an equitable distribution of food baskets to address undernutrition among all patients with tuberculosis (TB) and drug-resistant TB (DR-TB).Objective: To assess the changes in food basket distribution following the implementation of a prioritisation mechanism in Puducherry between June and August 2025, as compared to June and August 2023. This cohort study used secondary programme data to compare outcomes before and after implementation.Results: In 2025 (N = 73), the time to receive the first food basket from diagnosis was reduced by 39% (P = 0.003) in all with undernutrition and below poverty line, compared with 2023 (N = 53). Similarly, the number of food baskets they received increased by 30% (P = 0.048). The time to receive the first food basket from diagnosis and the number of food baskets improved for patients with DR-TB.Conclusion: Patients with TB with undernutrition and below the poverty line received food baskets earlier in 2025 than in 2023. Attempts to prioritise the number of food baskets to these vulnerable groups also improved modestly. Real-time monitoring of indicators for a wider cohort and strengthening community engagement will help sustain the distribution in the long run.","PeriodicalId":46239,"journal":{"name":"Public Health Action","volume":"16 3","pages":"150-155"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13502498/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148814281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

High screening coverage and positivity rates of HIV, syphilis, and hepatitis B among pregnant women accessing antenatal care in Sierra Leone. 在塞拉利昂获得产前保健的孕妇中，艾滋病毒、梅毒和乙型肝炎筛查覆盖率和阳性率很高。

IF 1.6

Public Health Action Pub Date : 2026-08-24 eCollection Date: 2026-08-01 DOI: 10.5588/pha.25.0051

M A Sesay, B D Fofanah, D Nair, A Ramsay, N Sesay, M S Kapuwa, I F Kamara, M Sillah-Kanu, I S Turay, M Mustapha, A M Falama, W K Lahai, F Kanu, J A Koroma, G N Kamara, F Thomas, S Batcho, S Lakoh

{"title":"High screening coverage and positivity rates of HIV, syphilis, and hepatitis B among pregnant women accessing antenatal care in Sierra Leone.","authors":"M A Sesay, B D Fofanah, D Nair, A Ramsay, N Sesay, M S Kapuwa, I F Kamara, M Sillah-Kanu, I S Turay, M Mustapha, A M Falama, W K Lahai, F Kanu, J A Koroma, G N Kamara, F Thomas, S Batcho, S Lakoh","doi":"10.5588/pha.25.0051","DOIUrl":"10.5588/pha.25.0051","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Sierra Leone faces high rates of mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of HIV, syphilis, and presumed hepatitis B (HepB). Since 2014, integrated testing and treatment within antenatal care (ANC) have aimed to prevent this transmission, yet no comprehensive study on these infections among pregnant women exists.Objectives: Assess screening coverage and test positivity for these infections in 21 health facilities in 4 districts, each representing Sierra Leone's four regions, to ensure national representation of triple elimination testing: Primary (12), Secondary (5), and Tertiary (4).Method: A cross-sectional analysis of secondary data from health-facility registers in Western Area Urban, Bombali, Bo, and Kenema districts, between November 2024 and October 2025, summarised as frequencies and proportions.Results: Among 10,003 women attending their first ANC visit, screening coverage was 99.6% for HIV, 99.6% for syphilis, 92.9% for HepB, and 92.4% for all three infections. Test positivity was 4.9% for HIV, 1.3% for syphilis, and 4.0% for HepB.Conclusion: Triple-disease testing at ANC facilities in Sierra Leone is feasible and can achieve high coverage. The test-positivity rate for HepB suggests a considerable burden of maternal infection and ongoing MTCT. Still, there are currently no interventions to address this gap. Testing should be scaled-up urgently and followed by a programme for maternal treatment, safe delivery, and immunisation.","PeriodicalId":46239,"journal":{"name":"Public Health Action","volume":"16 3","pages":"135-140"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13502723/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148814377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Assessing morbidity management and disability prevention for lymphatic filariasis in India. 评估印度淋巴丝虫病的发病率管理和残疾预防。

IF 1.6

Public Health Action Pub Date : 2026-08-24 eCollection Date: 2026-08-01 DOI: 10.5588/pha.26.0047

M A Bashar, A Singh, K C Prajitha

{"title":"Assessing morbidity management and disability prevention for lymphatic filariasis in India.","authors":"M A Bashar, A Singh, K C Prajitha","doi":"10.5588/pha.26.0047","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5588/pha.26.0047","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Evidence on the implementation of morbidity management and disability prevention (MMDP) remains limited in India.Objectives: To assess characteristics of persons with lymphatic filariasis (PwLF) registered for MMDP services from 2023 to 2025 and factors associated with regular receipt of services, the quality of MMDP services at designated health facilities, and barriers and facilitators to MMDP services in Gorakhpur district.Methodology: An explanatory mixed-methods study. The quantitative component involved cohort review of routine programme data from 16 public health facilities and cross-sectional quality assessment of 10 health facilities using WHO Direct Inspection Protocol. The qualitative component involved interviews and focus group discussions with beneficiaries, programme staff, and frontline workers.Results: Out of the 946 registered PwLF, 811 were eligible to receive annual MMDP services, of which only 172 (21.4%) regularly received it. Patients with stage III or higher lymphoedema were twice as likely to regularly receive the annual services. All facilities assessed provided either suboptimal or poor-quality services, with gaps in availability of guidelines, supplies, and staff knowledge. Key barriers included supply interruptions, stigma, travel costs, and staff workload while community health workers facilitated follow-up.Conclusion: MMDP services continuity and quality remain suboptimal, requiring strengthened supply chains, provider capacity, and community-based follow-up.","PeriodicalId":46239,"journal":{"name":"Public Health Action","volume":"16 3","pages":"257-264"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13634131/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149116132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Leveraging sexually transmitted infection clinics for cervical cancer screening: evidence from India. 利用性传播感染诊所进行子宫颈癌筛查：来自印度的证据。

IF 1.6

Public Health Action Pub Date : 2026-08-24 eCollection Date: 2026-08-01 DOI: 10.5588/pha.26.0036

P Yadav, A A Alwani, A D Harries, P R Deshmukh, J P Tripathy, N B Kuravatti, A Dani, A Pawar, M Vijayageetha, K Gavali, A Seshachalam

{"title":"Leveraging sexually transmitted infection clinics for cervical cancer screening: evidence from India.","authors":"P Yadav, A A Alwani, A D Harries, P R Deshmukh, J P Tripathy, N B Kuravatti, A Dani, A Pawar, M Vijayageetha, K Gavali, A Seshachalam","doi":"10.5588/pha.26.0036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5588/pha.26.0036","url":null,"abstract":"Setting: Four government-run sexually transmitted infection/reproductive tract infection (STI/RTI) clinics at secondary and tertiary care hospitals in Nagpur district, Maharashtra, India.Objective: To assess readiness and provider knowledge for Papanicolaou (Pap) smear-based cervical cancer screening (CCS), and to explore willingness, enablers, and barriers to CCS and integrating CCS into STI/RTI clinics.Design: This was a convergent parallel mixed-methods study. Facility readiness and provider knowledge were assessed quantitatively. In-depth interviews explored implementation perspectives among purposively selected women clients, providers, and programme managers.Results: Three out of four clinics met readiness standards, but only one clinic scored well in provider knowledge. Of 28 female clients, 27 (96%) were willing for CCS after counselling. Key enablers for clients to undergo CCS were respectful communication, and female-friendly and affordable services. Barriers included fear, embarrassment, low awareness, and poor family support. Providers (n = 9) highlighted well-equipped facilities, female staff availability, and permission from authorities to be key enablers for integration. They identified high workload and lack of training, staff, and programme-level support as constraints. The two programme managers perceived integration to be of less value.Conclusion: STI/RTI clinics could serve as a complementary platform for opportunistic CCS among high-risk women, provided human resources, training, awareness generation, and programme-level engagement are strengthened.","PeriodicalId":46239,"journal":{"name":"Public Health Action","volume":"16 3","pages":"202-208"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13634128/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149116363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cured but not healed: high burden of pulmonary disability and multimorbidity among TB survivors in India. 治愈但未治愈：印度结核病幸存者中肺残疾和多病的高负担。

IF 1.6

Public Health Action Pub Date : 2026-08-24 eCollection Date: 2026-08-01 DOI: 10.5588/pha.26.0038

S Subramanian, P Thekkur, P Chinnakali, J P Tripathy, G Ramaswamy, V Venugopal, I S Sehgal, K Soundappan, P Naik, D Nair, S Malegaonkar, V M Babu, K Y Jothula, A Malik, L Devaraj, M Rajaram, S Sarkar, A D Harries, R Zachariah

{"title":"Cured but not healed: high burden of pulmonary disability and multimorbidity among TB survivors in India.","authors":"S Subramanian, P Thekkur, P Chinnakali, J P Tripathy, G Ramaswamy, V Venugopal, I S Sehgal, K Soundappan, P Naik, D Nair, S Malegaonkar, V M Babu, K Y Jothula, A Malik, L Devaraj, M Rajaram, S Sarkar, A D Harries, R Zachariah","doi":"10.5588/pha.26.0038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5588/pha.26.0038","url":null,"abstract":"Setting: Five districts across five states of India.Objective: To assess the prevalence of TB-associated disability, comorbidities, risk determinants, and linkage to care among adults completing TB treatment between October 2024 and December 2025.Design: A cohort study using primary data collection. Trained research staff conducted all the assessments. Pulmonary disability meant impaired lung function on spirometry and/or walking <400 m on 6-minute walk test. Linkage to care was assessed through telephonic follow-up after a month of referral.Results: Of 780 participants, 85% had at least one comorbidity, risk determinant, or disability (multimorbidity). The prevalence of pulmonary disability was 60% (95% confidence interval: 56-64). Undernutrition (36%), diabetes (24%), and hypertension (19%) were the most common comorbidities, with 13% of diabetes and 55% of hypertension being newly detected. Pulmonary disability was associated with older age, pulmonary TB, undernutrition, mental health disorder, smoking, and silica exposure. Referral ranged from 12% to 100% for various conditions, with low rates for mental health disorders (12%) and recreational drug use (33%).Conclusion: Successful completion of TB treatment and bacteriological cure does not imply restoration of health-related quality of life. Early integration of patient-centred care for multimorbidity is essential for restoring health among TB survivors.","PeriodicalId":46239,"journal":{"name":"Public Health Action","volume":"16 3","pages":"250-256"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13634135/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149116313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Understanding patient pathways and care delays in India: implications for early leprosy detection. 了解印度患者途径和护理延误：对麻风病早期发现的影响。

IF 1.6

Public Health Action Pub Date : 2026-08-24 eCollection Date: 2026-08-01 DOI: 10.5588/pha.26.0037

S Das, G Ramaswamy, D Konda, D Nair, J P Tripathy, M Vijayageetha, K Manoha, P Roy, G Gaffoor, S George, N Agarwal

{"title":"Understanding patient pathways and care delays in India: implications for early leprosy detection.","authors":"S Das, G Ramaswamy, D Konda, D Nair, J P Tripathy, M Vijayageetha, K Manoha, P Roy, G Gaffoor, S George, N Agarwal","doi":"10.5588/pha.26.0037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5588/pha.26.0037","url":null,"abstract":"Settings: Dermatology clinic in a public tertiary hospital in Telangana, India.Objectives: Among newly diagnosed leprosy patients (2023-2025), to describe patient care pathways, quantify patient and health system delays and compare across private and public sectors, and explore patient and provider perceptions about care delays.Design: Mixed-methods study with cross-sectional quantitative (questionnaire-based interviews) and descriptive qualitative components (in-depth interviews).Results: Of 90 eligible, 46 (51%) were recruited. The median (inter-quartile range [IQR]) number of providers consulted was 3 (2-3). Three fourths first sought care from a public provider. Median (IQR) overall delay was 108 days (40-255), patient delay of 73 days (16-158) (symptom onset to first health care contact) and health system delay of 14.5 days (11-39) (first health care contact to treatment initiation). Patients initially approaching private sector had longer median health system delay than those seeking public sector (28 vs. 13 days, P = 0.02). Poor symptom awareness, symptom neglect, and stigma contributed to patient delay, while poor provider capacity and long-distance travel contributed to health system delays.Conclusion: Delays in leprosy care are largely driven by patient delay and missed diagnostic opportunities, particularly in the private sector. Strengthening community awareness and private sector engagement is essential for early detection.","PeriodicalId":46239,"journal":{"name":"Public Health Action","volume":"16 3","pages":"237-243"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13634127/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149116373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Association between chronic bronchitis and increased breast cancer risk in female patients. 慢性支气管炎与女性患者乳腺癌风险增加之间的关系。

IF 1.6

Public Health Action Pub Date : 2026-08-24 eCollection Date: 2026-08-01 DOI: 10.5588/pha.26.0013

X Ruan, D Chen, S Cai, H Yang, B Wang

{"title":"Association between chronic bronchitis and increased breast cancer risk in female patients.","authors":"X Ruan, D Chen, S Cai, H Yang, B Wang","doi":"10.5588/pha.26.0013","DOIUrl":"10.5588/pha.26.0013","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Respiratory diseases and breast cancer both pose significant threats to women's health, but the association between them remains unclear.Methods: This analysis utilised data including 25,132 adult female participants. After adjusting variables, a logistic regression model assessed the association between respiratory diseases and breast cancer risk. We investigated the nonlinear dose-response relationship between pulmonary function tests and breast cancer, and analysed the association of pulmonary function test with breast cancer risk across different racial groups. We explored the heterogeneous characteristics of key metabolic and inflammatory markers in different groups.Results: In the fully adjusted model, chronic bronchitis was associated with prevalent breast cancer. Restricted cubic spline curve revealed elevated breast cancer risk when pulmonary function test met the following thresholds: FEF25-75% < 2,405 ml/s, FEV1/FVC < 0.794, and FEV3/FVC < 0.926, with stronger associations between pulmonary function and breast cancer risk found among non-Hispanic whites and blacks. Serum lipid metabolism and inflammation markers showed significant elevation.Conclusion: Chronic bronchitis exhibits a potential correlation with breast cancer risk. In non-Hispanic whites and non-Hispanic blacks, declining pulmonary function may associate with increased breast cancer risk.","PeriodicalId":46239,"journal":{"name":"Public Health Action","volume":"16 3","pages":"265-269"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13502520/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148814284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0