{"title":"Settler colonialism’s container technologies: photographing crates in the Canadian Arctic (1926–1953)","authors":"Gabrielle Moser","doi":"10.1080/2201473X.2021.1884427","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/2201473X.2021.1884427","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Wooden crates are a recurring subject in the visual archive of settler colonialism in Canada’s Arctic, appearing on the shores of eastern Baffin Island throughout the first half of the twentieth century. Reading some of the hundreds of photographs that appear in the holdings of Library and Archives Canada in Ottawa, this essay charts the symbolic and political work that crates performed in the settler colonial imaginary. It draws on David L. Eng’s call to examine the ‘colonial object relations’ that have split Indigenous subjects into ‘good and bad objects’ in the liberal imaginary to propose that wooden crates are symptomatic of settler colonialism’s unconscious drive to make and unmake Inuit subjects into citizens in response to the demands of national and transnational political events. Tracing the intersection of crates, photography and ballot boxes in the archive, the essay examines the settler colonial state’s attempts at imposing and consolidating power, but also points to the practices of continuity and resistance enacted by Inuit subjects.","PeriodicalId":46232,"journal":{"name":"Settler Colonial Studies","volume":"23 1","pages":"431 - 465"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2021-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80956430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Through ‘My Mother’s’ eyes- settler spatializations & Mohawk masculinity in E. Pauline Johnson’s ‘My Mother’","authors":"S. Toll","doi":"10.1080/2201473X.2021.1882827","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/2201473X.2021.1882827","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This article intervenes in current scholarship discussing the role of marriage, gender, and law in the writings of Mohawk author and performer E. Pauline Johnson, focusing on her short story ‘My Mother.’ Specifically, it is interested in Johnson’s fictionalized account of her parents’ interracial marriage, paying particular attention to her idealized characterization of her father, George Mansion, in the text. This portrayal of her father as a paragon of a ‘magnificent type of Mohawk manhood’ is filtered through the perception of the ostensible subject of her story, her mother, Lydia Bestman. As this article demonstrates, her mother interprets George Mansion’s individual and familial political power through the lens of settler assumptions, denuding them of their cultural import as expressions of Mohawk sovereignty. George and Lydia’s relationship is posited as a panacea for cultural and political upheaval, offering a romanticized portrayal of the dueling settler-Canadian and Indigenous spatializations of land, law, and bodies that marked the era.’","PeriodicalId":46232,"journal":{"name":"Settler Colonial Studies","volume":"73 1","pages":"134 - 151"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2021-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76459863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Botany and the woman colonizer in Catharine Parr Traill's Backwoods of Canada and Anna Brownell Jameson's Winter Studies and Summer Rambles in Canada","authors":"J. Jensen, Rebecca Weaver-Hightower","doi":"10.1080/2201473X.2021.1881343","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/2201473X.2021.1881343","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This essay explores the gendered dynamics of settler belonging in Catharine Parr Traill's Backwoods of Canada and Anna Brownell Jameson's Winter Studies and Summer Rambles in Canada. Settlement for women, in order to maintain socially acceptable boundaries, required vastly different performative tasks from male settlers. Therefore, our inquiry considers why these two female settlers include rich descriptions of landscape and flora in their narratives. By looking at their perceptions of the ‘new’ landscape, their interactions in farming and harvesting, and their classification of plants, we assert that botany − though seemingly harmless and temperate work − showcases developing relationships to settlement and so too becomes a tool in the struggle to psychologically establish and legitimize settlement. By setting these texts side by side we invite readers to (re)imagine the image of the female settler, acts of settlement, and the importance of women's participation in the colonial project.","PeriodicalId":46232,"journal":{"name":"Settler Colonial Studies","volume":"14 1","pages":"242 - 258"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2021-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90188328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The racialized logics of settler colonial policing: Indigenous ‘communities of concern’ and critical infrastructure in Canada","authors":"A. Crosby","doi":"10.1080/2201473X.2021.1884426","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/2201473X.2021.1884426","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Over the past 20 years, critical infrastructure has become a central organizing node of national security policing. At the same time, ongoing Indigenous resistance to settler colonialism in Canada has highlighted the centrality of critical infrastructure as a network of dispossession, a focal point for insecurity governance practices, and a fixation of settler colonial policing efforts. Scrutinizing an internal police report released under Canada’s Access to Information Act, this article examines how Indigenous communities have been framed as a primary threat to the country’s critical infrastructure. This article contributes to recent scholarly work examining the evolution of critical infrastructure protection and resilience in the Canadian context, including the integration of private sector corporations as security peers within a reorganized national security environment. In particular, it emphasizes the racialized ideological formations of settler colonialism that code and surveil Indigenous communities who assert self-determination as a source of menace to the vital systems and networks that sustain the prosperity of settler society on stolen Indigenous land.","PeriodicalId":46232,"journal":{"name":"Settler Colonial Studies","volume":"5 1","pages":"411 - 430"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2021-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88619989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Community and resistance in Marie Clements’ The Unnatural and Accidental Women","authors":"S. Mackenzie","doi":"10.1080/2201473X.2021.1883843","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/2201473X.2021.1883843","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Examining representations of gendered violence in Marie Clements’ The Unnatural and Accidental Women as they are used for decolonizing purposes, I aim to elucidate the complexity of the linkage between colonization, violence against Indigenous women, and contemporary Indigenous women's dramatic production. Employing Clements’ play as an example, this paper contends that plays by Indigenous women do not merely memorialize colonial transgressions, but they also provide an avenue for individual and potential cultural healing by deconstructing some of the harmful ideological work performed by colonial and occasionally postcolonial misrepresentations. Dramatic texts by contemporary Indigenous women, I argue, especially those containing revisionist historical components, revive and preserve cultural memory and function in direct opposition to colonialist disparagement of Indigeneity/Métissage. So, too, do these works educate readers/spectators concerning colonial histories of violence, ultimately facilitating a process of relearning, which can lead to reconciliatory understandings thereby creating potential for collective healing.","PeriodicalId":46232,"journal":{"name":"Settler Colonial Studies","volume":"42 1","pages":"118 - 133"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2021-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88741821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Unsettling the language of settlement: imaginaries of race and experiences of settlement in contemporary Bolivia","authors":"Peter Baker","doi":"10.1080/2201473X.2020.1851939","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/2201473X.2020.1851939","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This article seeks to bring into question some of the assumptions that lie behind what constitutes ‘settlement’ in settler colonial theory by focusing on the case of the recent history of Indigenous mobilisations in Bolivia. The first part of the article discusses two of the defining features which have characterised settler colonialism as a specific type of colonialism in the literature: the transformation of the land and the settler-native binary. I show that whilst most of the Latin American and Caribbean region has rightly been disqualified as settler colonial on both accounts, a closer look at the assumptions behind what constitutes settlement for settler colonial theory and the uneasy place of the Latin American and Caribbean region within this framework reveals a need to create a more nuanced, differentiated understanding of settlement which can help to analyse such cases. Focusing on the shift in racial discourses that took place with recent Indigenous mobilisations in Bolivia from the 1960s onwards and the legacy of discourses of racial mixing or mestizaje, the article seeks to show how narratives of race served to underpin and legitimise processes of settlement in this Andean country.","PeriodicalId":46232,"journal":{"name":"Settler Colonial Studies","volume":"18 1","pages":"366 - 385"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2020-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77313067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Appropriating Indigenous lands: the liberal founding of Manitoba","authors":"Éléna Choquette","doi":"10.1080/2201473x.2020.1853947","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/2201473x.2020.1853947","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This article examines the language and strategies of Canadian land expansion through the founding of Manitoba in 1870. It analyses the discourse of key colonial authorities, which reveal that Canada mobilises the ideals of liberalism to promote the colonial policy of appropriating Indigenous lands. Because liberalism endures as the dominant paradigm that both structure contemporary politics and contemporary thinking about politics in the West, it is critical to clarify the connection between liberalism and the wrongs of land appropriation. Examining the role of liberal ideas in the founding of Manitoba also helps defuse the capacity of liberalism to produce dispossession, especially of Indigenous Peoples. In addition to exposing the ideas that supported the production of Canadian sovereignty, this article also analyses the various tactics Canada deployed to secure that sovereignty amidst Indigenous resistance. If Canadian officials first opted to absorb Indigenous lands through the ‘gentle’ means of administration, declaration and negotiation, they resorted to military forces when Indigenous Peoples frustrated Canadian claims to sovereignty. By bringing into focus the shifting tactics that Canadian state officials employed to annex Indigenous lands, the founding of Manitoba enriches our understanding of settler colonial statecraft and of the distinctive means of settler state expansion.","PeriodicalId":46232,"journal":{"name":"Settler Colonial Studies","volume":"2009 1","pages":"86 - 102"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2020-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89874413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Four foundations of settler colonial theory: four insights from Argentina","authors":"Lucy Taylor","doi":"10.1080/2201473X.2020.1845939","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/2201473X.2020.1845939","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT How might analysis of Argentina, its history and social relations, complicate and enrich our understanding of settler colonialism? This is the key question that drives this article which explores four of the conceptual foundations that underpin settler colonial theory: the labour/land distinction; terra nullius; the black/slavery category; and the settler/native binary. From these, four key insights emerge around the following themes: capitalism; geopolitics; slaveability/elimination; and mestizaje. As such, the article builds on existing critiques of binary thinking in settler colonial theory by considering ‘settling’ from locations and experiences beyond the usual locus of study. By disarranging our ‘definition’ and expectations of settler colonial regimes, it aims to both enhance established theory and to foster a bridge between Latin American Studies and Settler Colonial Studies as intellectual fields.","PeriodicalId":46232,"journal":{"name":"Settler Colonial Studies","volume":"24 1","pages":"344 - 365"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2020-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84353711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Settler silencing and the killing of Colten Boushie: naturalizing colonialism in the trial of Gerald Stanley","authors":"David B. MacDonald","doi":"10.1080/2201473x.2020.1841505","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/2201473x.2020.1841505","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT A particularly egregious example of settler injustice was the murder of a young nehiyaw man named Colten Boushie in August, 2016, shot in the head by a white farmer named Gerald Stanley. An all-white jury in Saskatchewan acquitted Stanley in February 2018, touching off demonstrations across the country. This article contextualizes the Stanley trial within settler colonial history, and argues that the trial and its aftermath provide a window into the ways settler colonialism tries to silence Indigenous peoples. Divided into four parts, the article first explores the concept of settler silencing, while the second looks at the context of settler colonialism in with a focus on Treaty 6 lands in Saskatchewan, and how the Treaty has been silenced for over a century. I then move to a detailed engagement with the killing of Colten Boushie and the trial which followed. I draw liberally on the trial transcript, demonstrating various techniques used to silence Indigenous peoples while confining speech and the articulation of what constitutes the norm to a handful of non-Indigenous legal professionals. I focus here on multiple examples of how settler silencing works in practice, before in the final part make several conclusions.","PeriodicalId":46232,"journal":{"name":"Settler Colonial Studies","volume":"14 1","pages":"1 - 20"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2020-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82401299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Unsettling the boundaries of Latin America: Rapa Nui and the refusal of Chilean settler colonialism","authors":"F. Young","doi":"10.1080/2201473X.2020.1823751","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/2201473X.2020.1823751","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Latin America is popularly imagined territorialized by continental Central and South America, extending to the Caribbean Islands; however, from the vantage of the Chilean government, Latin America expands thousands of miles into the Pacific Ocean within an area it legalizes as ‘the Chilean Sea’ (El Mar Chileno) given its control of ‘Easter Island’ (Isla de Pascua). Since 1888, despite persistent resistance by the Indigenous Polynesian Rapa Nui people, Chile has imposed colonial rule on the island through a variety of administrative strategies. This paper illuminates how state construction of a Marine Protected Area (MPA) around Rapa Nui can be understood as a biopolitical strategy of environmentality that strengthens Chilean settler colonialism in Rapa Nui. While settler colonialism has been rightly analyzed in terms of control of land, herein the ‘transit of Empire’ from Indigenous loci of enunciation appears to also articulate through the ocean. Despite the MPA, forces of Rapa Nui biopower mobilizing new Indigenous institutions and practices of self-determination are shown resilient in El Mar Chileno; the boundaries of settler colonial Latin America are unsettled.","PeriodicalId":46232,"journal":{"name":"Settler Colonial Studies","volume":"32 1","pages":"292 - 318"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2020-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76516820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}