Small Wars and Insurgencies最新文献_第7页

Pathways of post-conflict violence in Colombia 哥伦比亚冲突后暴力的路径

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Small Wars and Insurgencies Pub Date : 2022-09-05 DOI: 10.1080/09592318.2022.2114244

Juan Albarracín, J. Corredor-Garcia, Juan Pablo Milanese, I. H. Valencia, Jonas Wolff

{"title":"Pathways of post-conflict violence in Colombia","authors":"Juan Albarracín, J. Corredor-Garcia, Juan Pablo Milanese, I. H. Valencia, Jonas Wolff","doi":"10.1080/09592318.2022.2114244","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09592318.2022.2114244","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Violence in post-conflict settings is often attributed to a post-war boom in organized crime, facilitated by the demobilization of armed groups and the persisting weakness of the state. The article argues that this is only one pathway of post-conflict violence. A second causal pathway emerges from the challenges that peace processes can constitute for entrenched local political orders. By fostering political inclusion, the implementation of peace agreements may threaten subnational political elites that have used the context of armed conflict to ally with armed non-state actors. Violence is then used as a means to preserve such de facto authoritarian local orders. We start from the assumption that these two explanations are not exclusive or competing, but grasp different causal processes that may well both be at work behind the assassination of social leaders (líderes sociales) in Colombia since the 2016 peace agreement with the FARC guerrilla. We argue that this specific type of targeted violence can, in fact, be attributed to different, locally specific configurations that resemble the two pathways. The article combines fuzzy-set Qualitative Comparative Analysis with the case studies of the municipalities of Sardinata and Suárez to empirically establish and illustrate the two pathways.","PeriodicalId":46215,"journal":{"name":"Small Wars and Insurgencies","volume":"34 1","pages":"138 - 164"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59474438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

Roots of Afridi Insurgency in British India’s North-West Frontier: 1849-1897 英属印度西北边境非洲叛乱的根源：1849-1897

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Small Wars and Insurgencies Pub Date : 2022-09-05 DOI: 10.1080/09592318.2022.2114241

Sameetah Agha

{"title":"Roots of Afridi Insurgency in British India’s North-West Frontier: 1849-1897","authors":"Sameetah Agha","doi":"10.1080/09592318.2022.2114241","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09592318.2022.2114241","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The North-West Frontier of British India, a semi-independent mountainous borderland, was the site of continuous Pukhtun armed struggle against colonial intrusion throughout the nineteenth century and into the first half of the twentieth. Persistent tribal armed attacks and major rebellions were followed by ‘butcher and bolt’ or ‘burn and scuttle’ British military expeditions, including one of the biggest Victorian small wars–the Tirah Campaign of 1897/98. Two features are particularly distinctive about the Pukhtun insurgencies: 1) The fierce and consistent nature of Pukhtun opposition to the encroaching British military state; 2) The insurgents’ success in warding off annexation and inflicting decisive military defeat time and time again propelled the colonial state into an ongoing reflexive about its failure to ‘pacify’ the region and control the tribes. Focusing on Afridi insurgency in the nineteenth century, this article examines some themes that draw attention to causes, grievances, and toward the insurgent actors. While our fleeting glimpses into insurgents motives and actions come largely from colonial accounts of counter-insurgency operations, by drawing on my extensive archival and field research in the North-West Frontier, including Afridi oral testimonies, this paper focuses its lens on the Pukhtun perspective of the North-West Frontier ‘small wars’.","PeriodicalId":46215,"journal":{"name":"Small Wars and Insurgencies","volume":"34 1","pages":"546 - 570"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48322600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The two surges: Iraq and Afghanistan in comparison 两大浪潮:伊拉克和阿富汗的对比

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Small Wars and Insurgencies Pub Date : 2022-08-26 DOI: 10.1080/09592318.2022.2113675

L. Cline

引用次数: 0

Blown like cotton in the wind: women’s experiences of the White Lotus War (1796-1804) 像风中的棉花一样被吹动:白莲花战争中的妇女经历(1796-1804)

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Small Wars and Insurgencies Pub Date : 2022-08-21 DOI: 10.1080/09592318.2022.2111497

James Bonk

引用次数: 0

The donbas in flames: an operational level analysis of Russia”s 2014-2015 donbas campaign 燃烧的顿巴斯:俄罗斯2014-2015年顿巴斯战役的操作层面分析

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Small Wars and Insurgencies Pub Date : 2022-08-18 DOI: 10.1080/09592318.2022.2111496

Amos C. Fox

引用次数: 3

Afghanistan and the COIN conundrum 阿富汗和反叛军难题

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Small Wars and Insurgencies Pub Date : 2022-08-17 DOI: 10.1080/09592318.2022.2111858

T. Mockaitis

{"title":"Afghanistan and the COIN conundrum","authors":"T. Mockaitis","doi":"10.1080/09592318.2022.2111858","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09592318.2022.2111858","url":null,"abstract":"America's longest war ended unceremoniously in August 2021 amid chaotic scenes of Afghan civilians storming the Kabul airport in a desperate effort to board a flight out of the country. The twenty-year war took the lives of 2,448 U.S. service members, 1,144 allied service members, 66,000 Afghan military and police, 3,846 U.S. contractors, 444 aid workers, 72 journalists, and 47,245 Afghan civilians as well as 51,191 Taliban and other insurgents. It cost the United States an estimated $2 trillion, billions of it spent on an Afghan army that collapsed in a matter of weeks. By any measure the mission was an utter failure bought at a terrible price in blood and treasure. While the current public argument focuses on assigning political blame, a more serious discussion has already begun. Debate rests on a broad fundamental question: Did failure result from mistakes made at crucial junctures during the campaign, or was the war unwinnable at a cost the United States could bear? Many of those analysts who insist that the war was lost rather than unwinnable focus on the early days of the conflict. The invasion of Afghanistan and initial occupation went very well, they note. President George W. Bush sent an ultimatum to the Taliban government of Mullah Mohammed Omar: turn over all al-Qaeda leaders, close terrorist training camps, and give the United States access to the camps to make sure they remain closed. Omar refused, and the U.S. invaded with the full support of NATO, which for the first time in its history invoked article 5 of its founding treaty declaring that an attack upon one member is an attack upon all, in response to 9/11. The bombing campaign began on October 7, by midNovember, coalition forces in cooperation with the Northern Alliance had taken the capital Kabul and all major cities, and by early December, the Taliban had collapsed. It took the coalition about a year and half to pacify the countryside, but bin Laden escaped to the border region of Pakistan.","PeriodicalId":46215,"journal":{"name":"Small Wars and Insurgencies","volume":"33 1","pages":"1085 - 1092"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45562098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Understanding the role of digital media in female participation in terrorism: the case of Bangladesh 了解数位媒体在女性参与恐怖主义中的角色:孟加拉案例

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Small Wars and Insurgencies Pub Date : 2022-08-17 DOI: 10.1080/09592318.2022.2109371

Saimum Parvez, Justin V. Hastings

{"title":"Understanding the role of digital media in female participation in terrorism: the case of Bangladesh","authors":"Saimum Parvez, Justin V. Hastings","doi":"10.1080/09592318.2022.2109371","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09592318.2022.2109371","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Notwithstanding the discernable participation of women in terrorist groups, empirical research on women in terrorism is very scant in Bangladesh. To fill this gap, our article examines women’s involvement in terrorism by analyzing the life stories of dozens of Bangladeshi women terrorists. We use a terrorist lifecycle approach to understand the role of digital media in female participation, particularly in terms of when in the lifecycle digital media becomes important, and in terms of how digital media interacts with other factors to shape women’s involvement in terrorist organizations. After analyzing female profiles and their socio-demographic traits, we provide an in-depth analysis of three female terrorist lifecycles. An analysis of the profiles of Bangladeshi terrorists who use digital media reveals that women were more likely to use digital media than men in the recruitment phase. The in-depth case studies of three female terrorist profiles find that multiple and different factors impact their terrorist life cycles. Social networks – families and friends – typically play a role in individuals’ decision to become involved and further engagement in terrorism. Specifically, digital media allows women to expand their social interactions beyond what is possible in person, thus allowing for virtual pathways into terrorism.","PeriodicalId":46215,"journal":{"name":"Small Wars and Insurgencies","volume":"33 1","pages":"1345 - 1371"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47514002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Foreign fighter experience and impact 国外战斗机的经验和影响

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Small Wars and Insurgencies Pub Date : 2022-08-11 DOI: 10.1080/09592318.2022.2109888

Nicola Mathieson

引用次数: 1

Dynamic insurgencies and peace nuances in India’s northeast region 印度东北地区活跃的叛乱与和平的微妙差别

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Small Wars and Insurgencies Pub Date : 2022-08-11 DOI: 10.1080/09592318.2022.2108277

Anns George K G, S. Jha

引用次数: 0

Behind enemy lines: State-insurgent cooperation on rebel governance in Côte d’Ivoire and Sri Lanka 敌后：科特迪瓦和斯里兰卡国家与叛乱分子在叛军治理方面的合作