Swiss Journal of Psychology最新文献_第6页

Animal-Assisted Intervention in Dementia: Effects on Neuropsychiatric Symptoms and on Caregivers’ Distress Perceptions 痴呆症的动物辅助干预：对神经精神症状和照顾者痛苦感知的影响

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Swiss Journal of Psychology Pub Date : 2017-03-21 DOI: 10.1024/1421-0185/a000191

Isabelle Tournier, M. Vives, V. Postal

引用次数: 28

Health is in the Eye of the Beholder: The Impact of Social Norms on Perceived Health Dispositions 健康是在旁观者的眼中:社会规范对感知健康倾向的影响

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Swiss Journal of Psychology Pub Date : 2017-03-21 DOI: 10.1024/1421-0185/a000192

Raquel Bertoldo, S. Guignard, L. Dany, T. Apostolidis

引用次数: 2

Effect of Emotions in a Lexical Decision Task: A Diffusion Model Analysis 情绪在词汇决策任务中的作用：扩散模型分析

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Swiss Journal of Psychology Pub Date : 2017-03-21 DOI: 10.1024/1421-0185/a000193

Hélène Maire, R. Brochard, J. Kop, Vivien Dioux, D. Zagar

引用次数: 4

Control Beliefs and Dehumanization: Targets with an Internal Locus of Control are Perceived as being More Human than External Targets 控制信念与非人性化:具有内部控制点的目标被认为比外部目标更人性化

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Swiss Journal of Psychology Pub Date : 2017-03-21 DOI: 10.1024/1421-0185/a000194

Benoît Testé

{"title":"Control Beliefs and Dehumanization: Targets with an Internal Locus of Control are Perceived as being More Human than External Targets","authors":"Benoît Testé","doi":"10.1024/1421-0185/a000194","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1024/1421-0185/a000194","url":null,"abstract":"The present research examined the impact of the expression of internal versus external control beliefs on attributions of humanness. Building on previous findings on the cultural norm of internality and the dehumanization of others in social perceptions, we hypothesized that, in a Western society, an individual’s expression of an internal locus of control (i.e., internality) results in a greater degree of humanization of that individual by others than an individual’s expression of an external locus of control (i.e., externality). Two studies examined the effect of a target’s expression of internality (vs. externality) on the attribution or denial of humanness to that target. We measured the targets’ degree of humanization via the mentalization of each target, assessed using the Mind Attribution Scale, and via attributions of uniquely vs. nonuniquely human characteristics (emotions in Study 1, traits in Study 2). Participants also judged the target’s likability. In line with our hypothesis, the target’s expression of internality (compared to externality) consistently resulted in the participants making stronger attributions of humanness to the target. In addition, covariance analyses showed that the participants ascribed more humanness to targets with an internal than with an external locus of control, independent of the target’s likability.","PeriodicalId":46193,"journal":{"name":"Swiss Journal of Psychology","volume":"76 1","pages":"81–86"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2017-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47797020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 13

Effect of Cognitive Style on Prospective-Retrospective Memory Slips: Unipolar Approach 认知风格对前瞻-回顾记忆失忆的影响:单极方法

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Swiss Journal of Psychology Pub Date : 2017-01-01 DOI: 10.1024/1421-0185/a000190

P. Mefoh, Valentine C Ezeh

引用次数: 3

Relationships Between Social Networks and Mental Health: An Exponential Random Graph Model Approach Among Romanian Adolescents 社会网络与心理健康的关系:罗马尼亚青少年的指数随机图模型方法

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Swiss Journal of Psychology Pub Date : 2017-01-01 DOI: 10.1024/1421-0185/a000186

S. Baggio, Victorin Luisier, Cristina Vlădescu

{"title":"Relationships Between Social Networks and Mental Health: An Exponential Random Graph Model Approach Among Romanian Adolescents","authors":"S. Baggio, Victorin Luisier, Cristina Vlădescu","doi":"10.1024/1421-0185/a000186","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1024/1421-0185/a000186","url":null,"abstract":"Social networks have an important effect on health, and social network analysis has become essential for understanding human behavior and vulnerability. Using exponential random graph models (ERGM), this study explores the associations between mental health and network structure (or more specifically, mental health homophily) and the association between poor mental health and social isolation. Two classes of Romanian adolescents aged 12–14 years participated in the study (n = 26 in each class). We assessed school network, sociodemographic covariates, and mental health using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). ERGM was first used to test the presence of sex and mental health homophily and then to test whether mental health was a predictor of social isolation. The results showed homophily patterns regarding sex and mental health. Moreover, participants with a higher SDQ score had a lower probability of a tie. Overall, this study showed how social networks are structured with different forms of homophily and that adolescents with poor mental health are more likely to be social isolates. Thus, prevention and interventions should focus on these vulnerable adolescents. Methodological advances like ERGM constitute a promising avenue for further research.","PeriodicalId":46193,"journal":{"name":"Swiss Journal of Psychology","volume":"76 1","pages":"5–11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"57226059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

Psychometric Qualities of the Creative Process Engagement Scale in a Malaysian Undergraduate Sample 马来西亚大学生创造性过程投入量表的心理测量质量

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Swiss Journal of Psychology Pub Date : 2017-01-01 DOI: 10.1024/1421-0185/a000189

Chee-Seng Tan, T. Teo

引用次数: 4

Memory Self-Efficacy and Memory Performance in Older Adults: The Mediating Role of Task Persistence 老年人记忆自我效能与记忆表现:任务坚持的中介作用

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Swiss Journal of Psychology Pub Date : 2017-01-01 DOI: 10.1024/1421-0185/a000188

Marine Beaudoin, O. Desrichard

{"title":"Memory Self-Efficacy and Memory Performance in Older Adults: The Mediating Role of Task Persistence","authors":"Marine Beaudoin, O. Desrichard","doi":"10.1024/1421-0185/a000188","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1024/1421-0185/a000188","url":null,"abstract":"The present research examined the role persistence plays in mediating the positive impact of memory self-efficacy (MSE, i.e., one’s confidence in one’s own memory abilities) on older adults’ memory performance. In three studies, 81 to 264 older adults completed an MSE scale and carried out an explicit episodic memory task, during which we recorded their study time as an indicator of task persistence. We found that higher MSE was indirectly related to better memory performance through greater persistence during encoding, as measured by longer study time. Indirect effects were of medium size, with point estimates ranging from 0.64 to 0.85. This mediation effect was independent of factors that could be confounded with study time: chronological age, memory span, prior level of memory performance, episodic memory ability, and use of learning strategies (encoding strategies and self-testing). When confronted with difficult memory tasks, older adults who lack confidence in their memory abilities cease their efforts prematurely, which contributes to a decrease in their performance. Encouraging older adults to persist in the face of difficulties during encoding and retrieval may help alleviate the negative impact of low MSE on memory performance and allow researchers and clinicians to more accurately estimate older adults’ true memory abilities.","PeriodicalId":46193,"journal":{"name":"Swiss Journal of Psychology","volume":"76 1","pages":"23–33"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"57225640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 21

The Impact of Cosmetic Surgery Advertising on Swiss Women’s Body Image and Attitudes Toward Cosmetic Surgery 整容广告对瑞士女性身体形象的影响及对整容的态度

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Swiss Journal of Psychology Pub Date : 2017-01-01 DOI: 10.1024/1421-0185/a000187

Eleni-Marina Ashikali, H. Dittmar, S. Ayers

{"title":"The Impact of Cosmetic Surgery Advertising on Swiss Women’s Body Image and Attitudes Toward Cosmetic Surgery","authors":"Eleni-Marina Ashikali, H. Dittmar, S. Ayers","doi":"10.1024/1421-0185/a000187","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1024/1421-0185/a000187","url":null,"abstract":"International concern has been expressed about advertising for cosmetic surgery (British Association of Aesthetic Plastic Surgeons [BAAPS], 2005, 2008). A recent study showed that exposure to such advertising resulted in a more negative body image and attitudes toward surgery among women living in the UK (Ashikali, Dittmar, & Ayers, 2015). This study investigates the impact of cosmetic surgery advertising on women living in Switzerland, a country with relatively little advertising for cosmetic surgery. A group of 145 women (mean age 23.07) were exposed to advertising for cosmetic surgery containing either discount incentives, risk information, no additional information, or to the control condition. Exposure to advertising for cosmetic surgery resulted in increased dissatisfaction with both bodyweight and appearance. Highly materialistic women perceived such surgery as being less beneficial to their image when exposed to advertising for cosmetic surgery as well as when exposed to risk information rather than discount incentives. Moreover, appearance-dissatisfied women considered surgery to a lesser extent when exposed to risk information compared to discount incentives. Our findings highlight the need for research examining the impact of cosmetic surgery media, the content of advertising for cosmetic surgery as well as cultural variability.","PeriodicalId":46193,"journal":{"name":"Swiss Journal of Psychology","volume":"76 1","pages":"13–21"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"57226075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

Attitudes Toward Gender Equality and Opposition to Muslim Full-Face Veils 对性别平等的态度与对穆斯林全脸面纱的反对

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Swiss Journal of Psychology Pub Date : 2016-09-15 DOI: 10.1024/1421-0185/A000181

Oriane Sarrasin

引用次数: 4