Egyptian Rheumatologist最新文献

{"title":"Heart rate variability stands up to bedside tests and composite autonomic symptom score-31 (COMPASS-31) questionnaire: Diagnostic tools for autonomic dysfunction in systemic sclerosis patients","authors":"Gehad G. Maghraby ,&nbsp;Alshaimaa S Khalil ,&nbsp;May MT Fawzi ,&nbsp;Mohamed T Hegazy","doi":"10.1016/j.ejr.2024.11.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejr.2024.11.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is an autoimmune disease that affects skin, cardiovascular, pulmonary, and gastrointestinal affection. Autonomic dysfunction (AD) was observed early and even preceded fibrosis. Researchers are looking forward to evolving tools to detect subclinical AD. <em>Aim of the work:</em> This study aimed to evaluate parasympathetic dysfunction in SSc patients using R-R interval variation (RRIV) during both rest and deep breathing compared to control group, compare it with different tools used to assess AD and explore its relation to clinical characteristics of SSc patients. <em>Patients and methods:</em> This work included 40 subjects; 20 SSc cases and 20 healthy controls. All were subjected to RRIV at rest and at deep breathing, composite autonomic symptom score-31 (COMPASS-31) questionnaire for autonomic dysfunction symptoms, bedside autonomic function tests (active standing and Valsalva maneuver).<em>Results:</em> The mean age of patients was 35.36 ± 10.24 years, disease duration 54.12 ± 54.32 months and were 16 females and 4 males (F:M 4:1). There was a significantly higher RRIV at deep breathing in SSc (26.7 ± 23.3) compared to controls (11.4 ± 6.1)(p = 0.017). There was no significant difference in the results of bedside tests between SSc and control. The AD groups detected by bed side tests tended to have higher RRIV values at rest and during deep breathing compared to the non-AD groups. There was no correlation between RRIV measurements and COMPASS score. SSc patients with arthralgia had significantly lower RRIV at deep breathing (p = 0.042). <em>Conclusion:</em> The RRIV is a promising noninvasive and simple cardiovascular test for detection of early parasympathetic dysfunction in SSc patients.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46152,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Rheumatologist","volume":"47 1","pages":"Pages 41-45"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142748086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Renal remission status and long-term renal survival in lupus nephritis patients","authors":"Rasha Gheith,&nbsp;Aya Embaby,&nbsp;Soha Abu Raya","doi":"10.1016/j.ejr.2024.11.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejr.2024.11.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aim of the work</h3><div>To compare long-term renal survival in lupus nephritis (LN) patients who achieved complete (CR), partial (PR), or no remission following LN induction therapy.</div></div><div><h3>Patients and methods</h3><div>Eligible patients with biopsy-proven LN were categorized into ordinal (CR, PR, or no remission) or binary (remission or no remission) at 6, 12, 24, 36 months post diagnosis according to modified Aspreva Lupus Management Study (mALMS) criteria. The primary endpoint was long-term renal survival.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The study included 161 patients with LN, with a mean age 36.3 ± 8.2 years, age at biopsy 26.2 ± 7.4 years; 146 females and 15 males (F:M 9.3:1). All patients received induction therapy 6 months before or after biopsy with follow up duration ≥3 years. 114 (70.8 %) patients achieved long term survival, while 47 (29.2 %) ended up with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Those with CR were more likely to have long-term survival (p &lt; 0.001). A significant relation was found between maintenance therapies at different time points in those receiving azathioprine (AZA) (p = 0.002, p = 0.011, p = 0.016 and p = 0.003 respectively), as well as hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) (p &lt; 0.003, p &lt; 0.001, p = 0.011, p &lt; 0.001 and p &lt; 0.001 respectively) with long term survival. Cardiovascular and neuropsychiatric manifestations were significantly associated with ESRD/mortality (p = 0.003 and p = 0.002 respectively). The most significant predictor of long-term survival was complete remission at 6 months (β-3.745, p = 0.025).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>In LN, renal remission was significantly associated with long term renal survival. Receiving AZA and HCQ have a significant association and CR at 6 months was the best predictor for long-term survival in LN patients.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46152,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Rheumatologist","volume":"47 1","pages":"Pages 36-40"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142722165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Screening potential of tuberculin skin and interferon gamma release tests for latent tuberculosis prior to anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α therapy in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and spondyloarthritis","authors":"Ebru Yilmaz ,&nbsp;Özge Pasin ,&nbsp;Tuğçe Pasin","doi":"10.1016/j.ejr.2024.11.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejr.2024.11.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><strong>Aim of the work:</strong> To compare between tuberculin skin test (TST) and interferon-gamma release test (IGRT) for latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) screening before anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α therapy in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and spondyloarthritis (SpA) including radiographic (r)-axialSpA and psoriatic arthritis (PsA). <strong>Patients and methods:</strong> The study included 55 RA patients and 133 SpA: 93 radiographic r-axSpA (2 with PsA) and 40 PsA without axial involvement, receiving anti-TNF-α. TST and IGRT results were obtained before starting anti-TNF-α treatment. <strong>Results:</strong> The mean age for RA and SpA patients was 55.9 ± 10.7 and 46.3 ± 10.6 years, and disease duration was 9.1 ± 7.7 and 3.7 ± 2.9 years, respectively. The mean age (p &lt; 0.001) and disease duration (p &lt; 0.001) were significantly higher in RA patients, whereas male gender (p &lt; 0.001) and smoking (p &lt; 0.001) were more prominent in SpA patients. TST positivity, IGRT positivity and prophylactic antibiotic use were comparable between RA and SpA patients. Only prophylactic antibiotic use was significantly higher in r-axSpA patients (RA 18.2 %, r-axSpA 35.5 % and PsA 17.5 %, p = 0.024). The agreement between TST and IGRT was low for RA (κ = 0.34 and p = 0.003) and PsA patients (κ = 0.39 and p = 0.002) and moderate for r-axSpA (κ = 0.6 and p &lt; 0.001). Non-smoking (p = 0.01), presence of Bacillus Calmette-Guerin vaccination (p = 0.005) and non-use of disease modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs) (p = 0.04) were significant predictors for TST positivity, whereas non-use of DMARDs (p = 0.007) was the only significant predictor for IGRT positivity. <strong>Conclusion:</strong> The agreement between TST and IGRT was poor for RA and PsA and moderate for r-axSpA. IGRT may be more reliable in those receiving immunosuppressives.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46152,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Rheumatologist","volume":"47 1","pages":"Pages 31-35"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142699627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of 14.3.3 eta protein in the diagnosis of patients with early rheumatoid arthritis","authors":"Walaa H. Mohammed ,&nbsp;Nermeen Fouad ,&nbsp;Rania H. ElKabarity ,&nbsp;Salma A. Khalil ,&nbsp;Lamyaa Salem","doi":"10.1016/j.ejr.2024.11.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejr.2024.11.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aim of the work</h3><div>To evaluate the role of 14–3-3 eta protein in diagnosing early rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and its association with disease activity.</div></div><div><h3>Patients and methods</h3><div>A total of 40 patients with early RA were enrolled, along with 20 controls with non-erosive arthritis (8 with systemic lupus erythematosus, 8 with osteoarthritis, and 4 with systemic sclerosis), and 20 healthy controls. The clinical disease activity index (CDAI) and simplified disease activity index (SDAI) were assessed. Measurement of rheumatoid factor (RF) titer, anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide (anti-CCP), and serum level of 14–3-3 eta was performed for all participants.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The mean age of RA patients was 32.02 ± 8.31 years and they were 33 females and 7 males. Age and gender were comparable with non-erosive arthritis patients and control. Serum levels of 14–3-3 eta were significantly higher in RA patients (range 4.01–50.45, median 13.5 ng/ml) than in the non-erosive arthritis group (range 1.12–16.1, median 3.16 ng/ml) and the healthy control group (range0.88–3.44, median 1.7 ng/ml) (p &lt; 0.001)<strong>.</strong>14–3-3 eta serum levels showed significant correlations with CDAI (r = 0.979,p &lt; 0.001) and SDAI (r = 0.975,p &lt; 0.001). Serum 14–3-3 eta at a cut-off &gt;5.03 ng/ml was able to diagnose early RA with a sensitivity of 97.5 % and specificity of 90 %. When combining the three markers together (RF, anti CCP, and 14–3-3 eta) sensitivity was enhanced to 98.9 % and specificity reached 100 %.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>14–3-3 eta protein can serve as a potential diagnostic marker for early RA and when combined with RF and anti-CCP the sensitivity and specificity of diagnosis is enhanced.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46152,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Rheumatologist","volume":"47 1","pages":"Pages 26-30"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142658134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Procalcitonin level in systemic lupus erythematosus patients and its relation to disease activity and infection","authors":"Caroline S. Morad ,&nbsp;Mohamed S. Abdel Baky,&nbsp;Radwa A. Ahmed,&nbsp;Amr M. Hawwash","doi":"10.1016/j.ejr.2024.10.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejr.2024.10.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><strong>Aim of the work:</strong> To evaluate the role of serum procalcitonin (PCT) and compare it with other available biomarkers in differentiating flare from infection in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients. <strong>Patients and methods:</strong> Ninety SLE patients were enrolled and classified into 2 groups; group 1 included 60 active SLE patients with/without fever, and group 2 included 30 afebrile inactive SLE patients. Group 1 patients were further classified according to presence or absence of infection. Patients were subjected to detailed medical history, clinical examination, disease activity assessment, neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet/lymphocyte ratio (PLR), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C-reactive protein (CRP), serum PCT, appropriate body fluid cultures, and radiological assessment. <strong>Results:</strong> The study included 80 (88 %) females. The mean age was 30.17 ± 9.7 years and the median disease duration 5 years. The commonest clinical manifestations of SLE were arthritis (58.9 %), skin rash (51.1 %), mucosal ulcers (37.8 %) and nephritis (36.7 %). Serum PCT, ESR, CRP, NLR and PLR were significantly higher in active SLE patients (group 1) than those in remission (group 2). Serum PCT, CRP and NLR were significantly higher in SLE patients with infection than those without infection whereas ESR and PLR showed no significant difference between both groups. PCT level significantly correlated with CRP, NLR, and PLR. <strong>Conclusion:</strong> Although serum PCT, CRP levels, and NLR rise with SLE disease activity, their levels are significantly higher when associated with infection, indicating that high levels of these inflammatory markers could differentiate between infection and disease activity in SLE patients.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46152,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Rheumatologist","volume":"47 1","pages":"Pages 21-25"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142593153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of functional measures and laboratory parameters to portend limitations of spinal mobility in patients with radiographic axial spondyloarthritis","authors":"Halil Harman ,&nbsp;Nedim Kaban","doi":"10.1016/j.ejr.2024.10.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejr.2024.10.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aim of the work</h3><div>To specify clinical and laboratory parameters related to limited spinal mobility in radiographic axial spondyloarthritis (r-axSpA) patients.</div></div><div><h3>Patients and methods</h3><div>The study included 202 adult r-axSpA patients. Clinical characteristics, medications, investigations including serum C-reactive protein (CRP) and human leukocytic antigen-B27 positivity were noted. Lateral lumbar flexion (LLF), chest expansion (CE) and tragus-to-wall distance (TWD) were measured. Values &lt;2.5 percentile in LLF, CE and TWD were noted as reduced mobility of lumbar, thoracic and cervical spine, respectively.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The median age of patients was 43 years, male:female was 3.7:1. The time to diagnosis was 7.5 (3–40) years and were followed-up for 7.2 (4–22) years. Disease duration and high baseline CRP (&gt;10 mg/L) were critical risk factors for reduced spinal mobility (p = 0.001 and p &lt; 0.01). The duration to impaired LLF was significantly shorter in smokers (n = 105) (10.3;0–30.5 years) vs non-smokers (15.2;4.5–35 years) (p = 0.001) and in those with positive family history (n = 50) (9.7;0–20 years) compared to those without (12.9;4–35 years) (p = 0.09). LLF, CE and TWD were impaired in 40 % vs 75 %, 10 % vs 55 % and 12 % vs 60 % of patients with symptom duration of 10 vs 30 years respectively. Those with delayed introduction of biologics had significantly more impaired LLF, CE and TWD: 10.1(2–25) vs 14(3–33) years; 10.4(3–26) vs 17.5(8–33) years; 10.7(3–27) vs 16.7(5–33) years; p = 0.001 for all, respectively).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The most prominent factors affecting spinal mobility were the duration of symptoms and high serum CRP levels. The decreased spinal mobility was markedly less in patients with the early introduction of biologic therapy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46152,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Rheumatologist","volume":"47 1","pages":"Pages 16-20"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142529188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical signficance of human leucocytic antigen (HLA-B27) in patients with early and late-onset axial spondyloarthritis","authors":"Ebru Yilmaz ,&nbsp;Özlem Toluk","doi":"10.1016/j.ejr.2024.10.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejr.2024.10.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aim of the work</h3><div>To compare the clinical, laboratory and radiological features of patients with positive human leucocytic antigen (HLA)-B27 in patients with early-onset (EOSpA) and late-onset (LOSpA) axial spondyloarthritis.</div></div><div><h3>Patients and methods</h3><div>The study included 195 axial-SpA patients with positive HLA-B27 divided into those ≤45 years (EOSpA) and those &gt;45 years (LOSpA). Characteristics of the patients, medications received as well as Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index (BASDAI), Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Functional Index (BASFI), Maastricht Ankylosing Spondylitis Enthesitis Score (MASES), Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Radiological Index (BASRI), Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Score (ASDAS) scores were recorded.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The mean age of the patients was 43.6 ± 13.3 years and 121 (62.1 %) were females. Shoulder pain, peripheral arthritis, and adhesive capsulitis were significantly more common in LOSpA (20 %,13.7 % and 5.3 %; p = 0.001, p = 0.017, and p = 0.026) whereas dorsal and low back pain were significantly more prominent in EOSpA (20 % and 61 %; p = 0.011 and p = 0.001). There was a significant difference between the two groups in terms of gender, body mass index (BMI), smoking, anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α use, C-reactive protein (CRP), BASFI, BASDAI, ASDAS, MASES and BASRI scores (p &lt; 0.001, p &lt; 0.001, p = 0.016, p &lt; 0.001, p &lt; 0.001, p = 0.009, p &lt; 0.001, p = 0.018, p &lt; 0.001, p &lt; 0.001, respectively). On regression analysis, male gender and high CRP were associated with EOSpA (p = 0.011, and p = 0.001), while early-stage sacroiliitis, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) use, high BASFI and BASRI were related to LOSpA (p = 0.004, p = 0.003, p &lt; 0.0001 and p &lt; 0.0001).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>LOSpA was associated with female gender, peripheral involvement, lower levels of inflammatory markers, higher functional status and disease activity, higher enthesitis and radiological scores, and less use of anti-TNF-α.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46152,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Rheumatologist","volume":"47 1","pages":"Pages 12-15"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142529187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cardiovascular risk assessment in female patients with rheumatoid arthritis","authors":"Dalia A. ElSherbiny ,&nbsp;Eman A. Hafez ,&nbsp;Wessam S. Shokry ,&nbsp;Ahmad M. Mohamady ,&nbsp;Nermeen N. Aziz","doi":"10.1016/j.ejr.2024.09.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejr.2024.09.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is one of the most common rheumatological disorders, that not only affect the synovial joints, but also, it has several extra-articular complications related to heart, and other organs.</div></div><div><h3>Aim of the work:</h3><div>To assess the cardiovascular risk in RA female patients.</div></div><div><h3>Patients and methods:</h3><div>60 RA female patients, were subjected to full medical history, clinical examination, laboratory assessment, disease activity score (DAS-28), ultrasonography on both common carotid and common femoral arteries, and cardiovascular risk score (QRISK®3).</div></div><div><h3>Results:</h3><div>The patients age was 48.4 ± 7.2 years (40–70 years), median disease duration of 7 years and 20 (33.3 %) were passive smokers. Disease activity was 4.6 ± 1.47 (1.5–7.8).Duration of steroid, methotrexate (MTX) and hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) 1–240 months, leflunomide 6–240 months, sulphasalazine 3–156 months and baricitinib 0–9 months. QRISK®3 was significantly correlated with age (p &lt; 0.001), total cholesterol (p = 0.017), right and left carotid and right femoral intima media thickness (IMT) (p = 0.027, p = 0.006, and p = 0.009 respectively). Regarding the IMT, a significant correlation was found with age in all territories (bilateral carotid and bilateral femoral arteries), where anti CCP and QRISK®3 was correlated with the right carotid IMT (p = 0.039, and p = 0.027 respectively), While the duration of using baricitinib was negatively correlated and significant with right carotid (r = -0.285,p = 0.027).Regressions analysis of right carotid was significant with age, left carotid with CRP and right femoral with Q risk.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion:</h3><div>RA patients have multiple risk factors that increase cardiovascular events. Age, Anti cyclic citrullinated peptide (Anti-CCP) levels, MTX, HCQ, and leflunomide may aggravate atherosclerosis, while baricitinib may be a protective factor.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46152,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Rheumatologist","volume":"47 1","pages":"Pages 1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142417739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characteristics of patients with connective tissue disease-associated interstitial lung diseases","authors":"Fatma M Aboud ,&nbsp;Mervat E Behiry ,&nbsp;Tamer MA Ibraheem ,&nbsp;Asmaa M.M. Salama ,&nbsp;Shaimaa A. Abdalgaleel ,&nbsp;Dina M. Abd EL-Khalik","doi":"10.1016/j.ejr.2024.09.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejr.2024.09.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aim of the work</h3><div>To characterize the clinical features and outcome in patients with connective tissue disease-associated interstitial lung disease (CTD-ILD).</div></div><div><h3>Patients and methods</h3><div>The study included 74 adult patients with CTD-ILD following-up at the rheumatology and pulmonology outpatient clinics of two healthcare centers in Egypt between 2018 and 2023. Demographic, clinical, radiological and treatment data were collected. High-resolution computed tomography (HRCT), spirometer and 6-minute walk test (6MWT) were analyzed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The patients mean age was 41.8 ± 6.5 years, 89.2 % were females, systemic sclerosis (SSc) (44.6 %) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) (33.8 %) were the most common diagnosed CTDs. 54.1 % of patients had nonspecific interstitial pneumonia (NSIP), and 33.8 % had usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP). 93.2 % showed abnormal spirometer. Established diagnosis of ILD was preceded and coincided with CTD diagnosis in 40.6 %. 35.1 % had lung affection ≥ 20 % which was significantly associated with RA (p = 0.001), onset of ILD before/with the diagnosis of CTD (p = 0.027), lower CTD duration (p = 0.01) and desaturation in 6MWT (p-0.006). Shorter CTD duration and 6MWT desaturation independently affected the extent of lung affection (p = 0.004 and p = 0.001 respectively).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Both SSc and RA were the most frequent CTDs associated ILD. Spirometer, HRCT and 6MWT are valuable for early diagnosis. NSIP and UIP were the most frequent ILD patterns with variable outcomes. Severe lung affection was linked to RA, lower CTD duration, ILD onset before/with the CTD and desaturation in 6MWT. Shorter CTD duration and desaturation with 6MWT independently affected the percentage of lung affection.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46152,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Rheumatologist","volume":"47 1","pages":"Pages 6-11"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142417740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic variations of interleukin 32(rs28372698) and interleukin 37 (rs3811047), and their serum levels in systemic lupus erythematosus patients","authors":"Wafaa Gaber ,&nbsp;Noha M. Abdel Baki ,&nbsp;Shaimaa Badran ,&nbsp;Walaa Abdelfattah ,&nbsp;Marwa K. Sallam ,&nbsp;Alkhateeb Alkemary ,&nbsp;Mai Samir ,&nbsp;Marwa H. Niazy","doi":"10.1016/j.ejr.2024.08.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejr.2024.08.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a complex autoimmune disease. The underlying pathogenesis still needs to be elucidated.</p></div><div><h3>Aim of the work</h3><p>To investigate interleukin-32 (IL-32) (rs28372698) and interleukin-37 (IL-37) (rs3811047) genetic variations, measure their serum levels in SLE patients, and evaluate their relation with disease parameters.</p></div><div><h3>Patients and methods</h3><p>This work included 46 SLE patients and 43 matched controls. The SLE disease activity index (SLEDAI) and SLE damage index (SDI) were recorded. Genetic variations were assessed by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and serum levels of IL-32 and IL-37 were measured by enzyme-linked immune-sorbent assay (ELISA).</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The mean age of the patients was 29.2 ± 6.1 years, and the female: male ratio was 45:1. IL-37 genetic variation (rs3811047) GG was significantly more frequent in SLE patients (24/46,52.2 %) (p = 0.024), those with lupus nephritis (LN)(18/27,66.7 %) (p = 0.038), and active disease (15/21,68.2 %) (p = 0.002). The IL-37 G allele was significantly more represented in lupus patients (68/92,73.9 %)(p = 0.008), with IL-37 serum levels significantly increased in SLE patients (855.7 ± 465.4) compared to the control (504.1 ± 553.8) (p = 0.002). Although serum IL-32 was significantly higher in patients who received cyclophosphamide (CYC),and significantly correlated with total cholesterol, on regression analysis neither CYC nor cholesterol were significant factor for serum IL-32. The area under the curve for IL-37 serum levels to distinguish SLE patients from controls was 0.71, (CI 0.601–0.827; p = 0.001).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The IL-37 genetic variation (rs3811047) GG was significantly elevated in SLE, LN, and active patients. G allele was significantly more represented in lupus patients. IL-37 serum levels were significantly increased in SLE patients.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46152,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Rheumatologist","volume":"46 4","pages":"Pages 207-212"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142089294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}