Anemia最新文献

{"title":"Prevalence, Severity, and Correlates of Anaemia in Pregnancy among Antenatal Attendees in Warri, South-Southern Nigeria: A Cross-Sectional and Hospital-Based Study.","authors":"Victor Omote,&nbsp;Henry Awele Ukwamedua,&nbsp;Nathaniel Bini,&nbsp;Emmanuel Kashibu,&nbsp;Joel Rimamnde Ubandoma,&nbsp;Akafa Ranyang","doi":"10.1155/2020/1915231","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/1915231","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Anaemia in pregnancy affects about half of all pregnant women globally and constitutes an important reproductive health issue. The World Health Organization estimates that the prevalence of anaemia in pregnancy varies from 53.8% to 90.2% in developing countries and 8.3% to 23% in developed countries. Anaemia in pregnancy is common in developing countries and prevalence statistics required for its effective management and control is not adequately available in Nigeria. Thus, this study seeks to provide prevalence statistics of anaemia in pregnancy for the study region and its severity and highlight some possible correlates.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 218 pregnant women were recruited from the antenatal clinic of Central Hospital Warri using simple random technique after approval from the institutional review board and consent from the participants. Data on sociodemographics, economic status, and clinical history were collected using a pretested structured interviewer's questionnaire. Participant's haematocrit levels were estimated using standard laboratory techniques and anaemia was diagnosed using WHO-recommended cutoff.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The overall prevalence of anaemia was 37.6%. This prevalence dropped to 10.6% when a cutoff of less than 30% haematocrit was used. There was a direct relationship between haematocrit values and the participants' age while mild anaemia accounted for the bulk (72%) of the anaemic cases. Participants younger than 20 years of age gave the highest age-based prevalence while parity-based prevalence was even among subgroups. Participants without formal education and those who were unemployed accounted for the highest prevalence in their different categories.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Based on the findings from our study, anaemia in pregnancy is still of primary public health concern if WHO cutoff is used for the diagnosis. However, the reduction observed when less than 30% haematocrit was used tags our study zone to be of moderate severity. Although all variables lacked statistical significance, younger age, no formal education, and unemployment were highlighted to be predisposing factors.</p>","PeriodicalId":46055,"journal":{"name":"Anemia","volume":"2020 ","pages":"1915231"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2020-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2020/1915231","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37974744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Hematological Parameters in Malaria, among Adult Patients Attending the Bamenda Regional Hospital.","authors":"Nfor Omarine Nlinwe, Tang Bertilla Nange","doi":"10.1155/2020/3814513","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2020/3814513","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Malaria, which is responsible for a substantial amount of deaths in endemic countries, has been shown to have both direct and indirect effects on the hematological parameters. Notwithstanding, some hematological parameters among populations living in malaria endemic regions have not been described consistently, as a standard for measuring malaria burden. Based on the above fact, this study was designed to assess some hematological changes and their diagnostic values in malaria infected patients. A total of 160 malaria positive adult patients, together with 81 healthy control adults were recruited for the study. For the malaria positive group, the female to male ratio was 1.38 : 1. Specifically, 74.38%, 10.00%, and 15.62% of those in the malaria positive group had mild, moderate, and severe parasitaemia, respectively. Leukemia, anemia, and thrombocytopenia were found to be significantly associated with malaria and were all estimated to be specific for the diagnosis of malaria. Anemia was, however, estimated to be both sensitive and specific for malaria diagnosis. Therefore, anemia offers the most diagnostic value in the malaria infected patients of this study.</p>","PeriodicalId":46055,"journal":{"name":"Anemia","volume":"2020 ","pages":"3814513"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2020-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7191389/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37905273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Etiologies and Treatment Burden in Adult Patients with Pure Red Cell Aplasia: A Single-Center Experience and Review of Literature.","authors":"Pimjai Niparuck,&nbsp;Wasana Kanoksil,&nbsp;Pathawut Wacharapornin,&nbsp;Pichika Chantrathammachart,&nbsp;Sarinya Boongird","doi":"10.1155/2020/4812759","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/4812759","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Pure red cell aplasia (PRCA) is less common blood disorder; the causes and the treatments of PRCA are varied.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a retrospective study during January 2010-December 2017, to explore the etiologies and to evaluate the response and treatment burden in adult patients with PRCA.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 32 PRCA patients, median age was 57 years (18-90 years). Median hemoglobin level and reticulocyte count at the time of diagnosis were 5.6 g/dL (3.3-7.3 g/dL) and 0.3% (0.1-0.7%), respectively. Median time to hematologic recovery was 12 weeks (3-72 weeks), and median number of red blood cell transfusion (RBC) was 20 units (4-100 units). Causes of PRCA were erythropoiesis-stimulating agent (ESA) (47%), parvovirus B19 infection (19%), thymoma (13%), zidovudine (6%), primary autoimmune PRCA (6%), Kaposi's sarcoma (3%), systemic lupus erythematosus (3%), and ABO-mismatched stem cell transplantation (3%). Only 9 out of 24 treated patients achieved hematologic response within 8 weeks of treatment. Intravenous immunoglobulin therapy provided 100% response rate in patients with parvovirus B19-associated PRCA and primary autoimmune PRCA. Low response rate was found in patients receiving immunosuppressants and chemotherapy for the treatment of ESA and thymoma-associated PRCA, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Treatment outcome of PRCA depended upon the causes and the types of treatment, and the burden of RBC transfusion was very high in patients with ESA and thymoma-associated PRCA.</p>","PeriodicalId":46055,"journal":{"name":"Anemia","volume":"2020 ","pages":"4812759"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2020-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2020/4812759","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37810274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determinants of Anemia among HIV-Positive Children on Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy Attending Hospitals of North Wollo Zone, Amhara Region, Ethiopia, 2019: A Case-Control Study.","authors":"Biruk Beletew,&nbsp;Ayelign Mengesha,&nbsp;Mohammed Ahmed,&nbsp;Awet Fitwi,&nbsp;Mesfin Wudu","doi":"10.1155/2020/3720572","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/3720572","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Introduction</i>. Anemia is one of the most commonly observed hematological abnormalities and an independent poor prognostic marker of HIV disease. The rate of progression and mortality in this subgroup of patients is high compared to nonanemic patients. WHO estimates that over two billion people are anemic worldwide and young children bear the world's highest prevalence rate of anemia. In Ethiopia, there is limited information about the determinant factors associated with anemia among HIV positive children. Thus, this study aimed to determine the determinant factors of anemia among HIV-infected children on HAART.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The main purpose of this study was to assess the determinants of anemia among children on highly active antiretroviral therapy attending hospitals of North Wollo Zone, Amhara Region, Ethiopia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A case-control study was conducted on 350 HIV-infected children on HAART attending Hospitals of North Wollo Zone, from February 1 to March 30, 2019. The study participants were selected with a consecutive sampling technique. An adapted, interviewer-administered, and pretested questionnaire and chart review were employed to collect the data. Besides, blood and stool samples were investigated to determine hematologic indices and malaria and to investigate intestinal parasites, respectively. Data were analyzed by using the SPSS version 24 statistical software and bivariate and multivariate logistic regression was used to identify predictors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 350 HIV positive children (117 cases and 234 controls) were included in this study with an overall response rate of 100%. On multivariate analysis, variables which have spastically significant association with anemia were as follows: had amebiasis (AOR = 7.29, 1.22-43.56), had history of opportunistic infections (AOR = 9.63, 1.94-47.85), had malaria infection (malaria pf) (AOR = 4.37, 1.16-16.42), eating nondiversified food (AOR = 10.39, 2.25-48.0), WGT-Age <i>Z</i> score value between -2_-3 (AOR = 9.80, 2.46-39.14), level of adherence (AOR = 2.31, 1.92, 7.77), and being from a rural area (AOR = 8.8, 2.07-37.79).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In this study, having parasitic infections, having a history of opportunistic infections, being malnourished, having poor adherence to ART, caregivers living in the rural area, and eating nondiversified foods were significantly associated with hemoglobin status. Therefore, intervention aimed at prevention, early diagnosis, and treatment of anemia is essential in these patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":46055,"journal":{"name":"Anemia","volume":"2020 ","pages":"3720572"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2020-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2020/3720572","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37717974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Interleukin and Hepcidin in Anemia of Chronic Diseases.","authors":"Maha F Yacoub,&nbsp;Hala Fouad Ferwiz,&nbsp;Fadwa Said","doi":"10.1155/2020/3041738","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/3041738","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Anemia of chronic disease (ACD) also termed as the anemia of inflammation has been found to be associated with inflammations, chronic infections, and cancers, particularly in old age. Recent studies revealed that interleukin-6 (IL-6), a proinflammatory cytokine, and hepcidin, an antimicrobial hepatic peptide, play a key role in ACD pathogenesis. <i>Patients and Methods.</i> The study included 40 subjects with chronic diseases and 40 normal subjects of the same age group. Red cell indices, levels of IL-6 and hepcidin, and iron profile were measured in all participants using Bayer ADVIA 120, VITROS 5600, Integrated System/2008, and ELISA assay, respectively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The level of hemoglobin was considerably less in patients of chronic diseases referred to as \"cases\" than the normal subjects or \"controls\" (8.7 ± 1.5 vs. 13.2 ± 0.9). Red blood corpuscle (RBC) count, hematocrit (HCT) level, serum iron, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), and serum total iron-binding capacity (TIBC) were found to be significantly lower in the cases as compared to controls (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Serum IL-6 and hepcidin levels were substantially higher in the cases than in the controls (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Serum IL-6 and hepcidin levels were substantially higher in the cases than in the controls (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Serum IL-6 and hepcidin levels were substantially higher in the cases than in the controls (.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study detected a significant increase in serum IL-6 and hepcidin levels in patients with ACD than the controls. These findings offer an insight into the role played by both cytokine and peptide in the pathogenesis of ACD and thus provide a rationale for future use of novel drugs inhibiting their effects on iron metabolism.</p>","PeriodicalId":46055,"journal":{"name":"Anemia","volume":"2020 ","pages":"3041738"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2020-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2020/3041738","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37675004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Analysis of Societal Determinant of Anemia among Adolescent Girls in Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Pakistan.","authors":"Nazneen Habib,&nbsp;Saif-Ur-Rehman Saif Abbasi,&nbsp;Wajid Aziz","doi":"10.1155/2020/1628357","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/1628357","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Societal determinants of health are of recognized importance for understanding the causal association of society and health of an individual. Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is a challenging public health problem across the globe instigating from a broader sociocultural background. It is more prevalent among pregnant women, children under the age of five years, and adolescent girls. Adolescent girls are vulnerable to develop IDA because of additional nutritional demand of the body needed for growth spurt, blood loss due to onset of menarche, malnourishment, and poor dietary iron intake. In this study, we explore the societal determinants of anemia among adolescent girls in Azad Jammu and Kashmir (AJK), Pakistan. A cross-sectional study was conducted in the Muzaffarabad division of AJK on randomly selected 626 adolescent girls. The data were collected using a pretested self-administered interview schedule comprising mainly closed-ended questions with a few open-ended questions. Descriptive statistics was computed for describing the data, and bivariate regression and logistic regression were used to determine the association of anemia with its societal determinants. Multiple linear regression is used to determine the relationship of different determinants (independent variables) with the hemoglobin level (dependent variable) of the respondents. The prevalence of anemia among adolescent girls is 47.9%, of which 47.7% have mild anemia, 51.7% have moderate anemia, and 5.7% have severe anemia, which reveals that anemia is a severe public health problem among adolescent girls in the study area. The findings aver that anemia occurrence was significantly associated with the respondent's and her parental education, economic well-being, prevalence of communicable diseases, menstrual disorder, exercise habits, meals regularity, and type of sewerage system.</p>","PeriodicalId":46055,"journal":{"name":"Anemia","volume":"2020 ","pages":"1628357"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2020-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2020/1628357","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37633634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"District Effect Appraisal in East Sub-Saharan Africa: Combating Childhood Anaemia.","authors":"Danielle J Roberts,&nbsp;Temesgen Zewotir","doi":"10.1155/2019/1598920","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/1598920","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Anaemia in children is a significant health problem that receives little attention. This study aimed at determining the factors significantly associated with anaemia in children aged 6 to 59 months in Kenya, Malawi, Tanzania, and Uganda while accounting for the spatial heterogeneity within and between the districts of the four countries. In addition, the performance of the districts with regard to their impact on anaemia was assessed and ranked.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A generalised additive mixed model with a spatial effect based on the geographical coordinates of the clusters was used. A district-level random effect was included to further account for the heterogeneity as well as to rank the performance of the districts based on the best linear unbiased prediction (BLUP).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results depicted significant spatial heterogeneity between and within the districts of the countries. After accounting for such spatial heterogeneity, child-level characteristics (gender, malaria test result, and mother's highest education level), household-level characteristics (household size, household's wealth index Z-score, the type of toilet facility available, and the type of place of residence), and the country of residence were found to be significantly associated with the child's anaemia status. There was a significant interaction between the type of place of residence and the country of residence. Based on the BLUP for the district-level random effect, the top 3 best- and worst-performing districts within each country were identified.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The ranking of the performance of the districts allows for the worst-performing districts to be targeted for further research in order to improve their anaemia control strategies, as well as for the best-performing districts to be identified to further determine why they are performing better and then to use these districts as role models in efforts to overcome childhood anaemia.</p>","PeriodicalId":46055,"journal":{"name":"Anemia","volume":"2019 ","pages":"1598920"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2019-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2019/1598920","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37498816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"REGAIN STUDY: Retrospective Study to Assess the Effectiveness, Tolerability, and Safety of Ferric Carboxymaltose in the Management of Iron Deficiency Anemia in Pregnant Women","authors":"Saleema Wani, Mariyam Noushad, Shabana Ashiq","doi":"10.1155/2019/4640635","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/4640635","url":null,"abstract":"Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) during pregnancy arises because of preexisting inadequate stores or complex physiological changes and can lead to serious maternal and fetal complications. Oral iron, either as iron sulfate or fumarate, with or without folic acid, is the most commonly used treatment for IDA in pregnancy. Intravenous (IV) iron has a role in the treatment of IDA in pregnancy, particularly in women who present late, display severe anemia (Hb ≤ 9 g/dL), or risk factors, and are intolerant/noncompliant of oral iron. Previously, administration of IV iron was minimal, owing to potentially serious anaphylactic reactions. Recently, new IV iron products have been developed, offering better compliance, tolerability, efficacy, and a good safety profile. Our study aimed to assess the effectiveness, safety, and tolerability of IV ferric carboxymaltose (FCM) in the treatment of IDA in pregnant women in the UAE. Data from 1001 pregnant women who received at least one administration of FCM (500, 1000, or 1500 mg) during their second or third trimester of pregnancy (2 years backward from study initiation) were collected retrospectively from electronic medical records at Corniche Hospital, Abu Dhabi, UAE. Results showed that 41.4% of the women were able to achieve an increase of ≥2 g/dL in blood hemoglobin overall. A change of ≥2 g/dL was achieved by 27.5% of women administered a dose of 500 mg, 39.2% of women administered a dose of 1000 mg, and 63.9% of women administered a dose of 1500 mg of IV FCM. This indicates a directly proportional relationship between increasing IV FCM dose and the increase of ≥2 g/dL in blood hemoglobin. A total of 7 (0.7%) women reported mild, nonserious adverse events during the study. Within the limits of this retrospective study, IV FCM therapy was safe and effective in increasing the mean hemoglobin of pregnant women with IDA.","PeriodicalId":46055,"journal":{"name":"Anemia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2019-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2019/4640635","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48961377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anemia Prevalence after Iron Supplementation among Pregnant Women in Midwifes Practice of Primary Health Care Facilities in Eastern Indonesia.","authors":"Merry M V Seu, Johanes C Mose, Ramdan Panigoro, Edhyana Sahiratmadja","doi":"10.1155/2019/1413906","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2019/1413906","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) in pregnant women is common, and iron supplementation is given during pregnancy to reduce birth complication. This study aimed to explore the prevalence of anemia and type of anemia after iron supplementation among pregnant women in the eastern part of Indonesia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study design was conducted between January and March 2019 in three Primary Health Care (PHC) facilities at Kupang, West Timor. After consent, pregnant women who had taken their iron supplementation for at least 3 months were asked for iron pills intake by using a self-designed questionnaire and by counting the pills leftover. Complete blood count examination was performed, and the type of anemia was assessed using Shine and Lal index (SLI; MCV <i>∗</i> MCV <i>∗</i> MCH/100) to determine whether anemia was due to iron deficiency or <i>β</i>-thalassemia trait (<i>β</i>-TT). In a subset of iron tablets distributed in the PHCs, Fe-concentration was measured.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 102 pregnant women included, only 25.5% had taken the pills with a pill count of >80%. Interestingly, Fe-concentration in the pills from three different PHC facilities varied between 75% and 100%. After iron supplementation, however, anemia was detected in 34.3%, and based on SLI, 14.7% was suspected because of iron deficiency and 19.6% was suspective of <i>β</i>-TT. Of note, nonanemic pregnant women (17.6%) had also low SLI, suggesting <i>β</i>-TT or other hemoglobinopathies.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Assessment of Shine and Lal index as the first step to screen the type of anemia in pregnant women from a limited area is of potential value, especially because Indonesia is located in the thalassemia belt area. An integrative approach and counseling among pregnant women with <i>β</i>-TT and their partners will increase thalassemia awareness and optimal birth management.</p>","PeriodicalId":46055,"journal":{"name":"Anemia","volume":"2019 1","pages":"1413906"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2019-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6854238/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42623417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk Factors of Anaemia among Children under Five Years in the Hohoe Municipality, Ghana: A Case Control Study","authors":"P. Parbey, E. Tarkang, E. Manu, Hubert Amu, M. Ayanore, F. Y. Aku, S. A. Ziema, S. Bosoka, M. Adjuik, M. Kweku","doi":"10.1155/2019/2139717","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/2139717","url":null,"abstract":"Background Anaemia is one of the major causes of death among children under five years in Ghana. We examined the risk factors of anaemia among children under five years in the Hohoe Municipality, Ghana. Methods This facility-based matched case control study recruited 210 children (70 cases and 140 controls) aged 6 to 59 months. Stratified and simple random sampling techniques were used to select mothers attending Child Welfare Clinic (CWC) for the screening of their children. Data were collected using a semistructured questionnaire. Finger prick blood was collected to estimate the haemoglobin (Hb) level and thick film was prepared to determine malaria parasitaemia. Axillary temperature was measured using an +electronic thermometer and anthropometric measurements were done using a weighing scale and inelastic tape measure. Continuous variables were presented as means and standard deviations and categorical variables as frequencies and proportions. Conditional logistic regression was used to determine the strength of association between the dependent and the independent variables. Statistical significance was considered at p value of <0.05. Results The prevalence of anaemia was high (53.8%), while children whose mothers received iron supplementation during pregnancy were 7.64 times more likely to be anaemic compared with those who did not [AOR=7.64 (95% CI:1.41-41.20.93); p=0.018]. Children with poor dietary diversity were 9.15 times more likely to have anaemia [AOR=9.15 (95% CI: 3.13-26.82); p< 0.001]; and children whose mothers were farmers and traders were 83% [AOR = 0.17 (95% CI: 0.05-0.60); p=0.006] and 79% [AOR=0.21 (95% CI: 0.06-0.74); p=0.014], respectively, less likely to have anaemia. Conclusion The biologic, intermediate, and underlying factors that were significantly associated with anaemia comprised maternal iron supplementation, poor dietary diversity, farmers, and traders. Given that iron supplementation during pregnancy did not protect children against anaemia, we recommend the child's nutritional dietary diversity is encouraged.","PeriodicalId":46055,"journal":{"name":"Anemia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2019-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2019/2139717","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42896870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}