{"title":"Language as social action: Gertrude Buck, the “Michigan School” of rhetoric, and pragmatist philosophy","authors":"Daniel R. Huebner","doi":"10.1002/jhbs.22307","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jhbs.22307","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, Gertrude Buck and collaborators developed a sociologically and pragmatist-informed approach to language that has been neglected in later scholarship. Buck approached the study of language from the standpoint of pragmatist functional psychology, which is indebted to John Dewey's pragmatism at the University of Michigan, and which views language as a normal, dynamic action of human organisms engaged in necessary cooperative relations with one another. Her approach overcomes the small-minded pragmatism that would criticize figurative or poetic language as impractical, and instead shows how figuration is essential to the particular ways in which language is action that conveys meaning to others and serves broader social functions. Buck's forgotten work helps overcome criticisms of the application of pragmatic action theory to language and literature, sketching how language structure may be explained on the basis of language as a natural social-communicative act, how figurative language is inherent in the normal act of communicating situated bodily experiences to others, and how rhetorical speech and writing contributes to participation in democratic social processes. This paper also indicates how Buck's work has been partially rediscovered in Composition Studies, as well as prefigures later reader-response esthetics and feminist analyses of language.</p>","PeriodicalId":46047,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the History of the Behavioral Sciences","volume":"60 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jhbs.22307","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140550191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Commitment, Cold War, and the battles of the self: Thomas Schelling on behavior control","authors":"Philippe Fontaine","doi":"10.1002/jhbs.22302","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jhbs.22302","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Economist Nobelist Thomas C. Schelling (1921–2016) is known for his contribution to the analysis of international conflict and many see him as the Cold Warrior par excellence. At a time of great uncertainties and dangers, Schelling combined a deep understanding of strategic analysis, a detailed knowledge of US commitments around the world and an inimitable talent for dissecting everyday behavior, which made him a think tank all on his own. When he turned to the analysis of bargaining in the mid-1950s, one question dominated policy discussions: “How to demonstrate the US commitment to the ‘free world’”? Schelling answered unequivocally: By restricting one's choices so as to shift others' expectations and thereby influence their behavior in the desired direction. By the mid-1970s, after he had broken with the US administration and joined the Committee on Substance Abuse and Habitual Behavior, Schelling transposed the tactics deployed in international conflict to the analysis of individuals trying to achieve self-control. In the process, he reproduced the logic of military conflict at the level of the self. The view of a conflicted self itself comprised of two selves made restricted choice the daily routine of individuals who wish to avoid the negative consequences of their present behavior in the future while it promised those who enjoy unbounded freedom of choice an unsettling future.</p>","PeriodicalId":46047,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the History of the Behavioral Sciences","volume":"60 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jhbs.22302","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140333098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Nervous systems: Brain science in the early Cold War","authors":"Paul Erickson","doi":"10.1002/jhbs.22306","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jhbs.22306","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46047,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the History of the Behavioral Sciences","volume":"60 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140181642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Freud and psychoanalysis: Six introductory lecturesBy John Forrester, Cambridge UK and Hoboken NJ: Polity Press. 2023. pp. 224. $19.95 (paper). ISBN 9781509558124","authors":"Raymond E. Fancher","doi":"10.1002/jhbs.22305","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jhbs.22305","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46047,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the History of the Behavioral Sciences","volume":"60 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140053179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The man who organized nature: The life of Linnaeus By\u0000 Gunnar Broberg,\u0000 Anna Paterson (Trans.):\u0000Princeton University Press.\u0000 2023. pp.\u0000 484. $39.95 (cloth). ISBN: 9780691213422","authors":"Kenneth Nyberg","doi":"10.1002/jhbs.22304","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jhbs.22304","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46047,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the History of the Behavioral Sciences","volume":"60 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139976532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}