Journal of Family History最新文献

{"title":"Aunting as Family Shadow-Work","authors":"Ashley Barnwell","doi":"10.1177/03631990221079784","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03631990221079784","url":null,"abstract":"Women have long been known as family kin-keepers, sources of knowledge about family histories. Yet little has been written on the role of aunts within families, and more specifically on aunts’ domain over sensitive or secret family information. This paper develops the concept of family shadow-work to analyse labours that are unseen yet essential to family life. To do this it explores aunting practices around family secrets using ‘facet methodology’ applied to qualitative research. This analysis highlights aunts’ efforts to manage and transmit information while navigating the politics of family secrecy. While such acts of diagonal transmission may be less recognised as reproductive of family, they are crucial in creating a continuity of family lore, structure, and identity.","PeriodicalId":45991,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family History","volume":"47 1","pages":"317 - 331"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47615962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to Social Cohesion and Resilience in First Australian Family and Kinship Networks","authors":"K. O'brien","doi":"10.1177/03631990221087792","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03631990221087792","url":null,"abstract":"The author wishes to acknowledge Mykaela Saunders, the author’s student-advisee at the University of Sydney. The author served as dissertation advisor to Ms. Saunders for her 2015 thesis titled “Yarning with Minjungbal women: testimonial narratives of transgenerational trauma and healing explored through relationships with country and culture, community and family.” The author extensively referenced Ms. Saunders’ thesis in writing this article.","PeriodicalId":45991,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family History","volume":"47 1","pages":"361 - 362"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45400257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Women's National Abortion Action Coalition & the Abortion Tribunals, 1971–1972","authors":"Katherine Parkin","doi":"10.1177/03631990221107092","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03631990221107092","url":null,"abstract":"The Women's National Abortion Action Coalition organized for abortion rights, an end to forced sterilization, and accessible birth control. From its formation in July 1971 to its demise with the January 1973 Roe v. Wade decision, it was an inclusive, far-reaching network that spearheaded the call for reproductive justice. Assembling a coalition, including high school and college students and those who called themselves Third World women (Black, Hispanic, Asian, and Native American women), the group held marches, protests, and in the fall of 1972 abortion tribunals across the country, holding men in power accountable for the oppression of women.","PeriodicalId":45991,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family History","volume":"47 1","pages":"367 - 400"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45200129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Book Review: Mobilizing Japanese Youth: The Cold War and the Making of the Sixties Generation by Christopher Gerteis","authors":"K. Hasegawa","doi":"10.1177/03631990221099500","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03631990221099500","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45991,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family History","volume":"47 1","pages":"481 - 483"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47655431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Book Review: Birthing the West: Mothers and Midwives in the Rockies and Plains by Jennifer Hill","authors":"Cassandra Crisman","doi":"10.1177/03631990221097844","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03631990221097844","url":null,"abstract":"While all historians came to be through the process of birth, little attention has been paid to the historical significance of childbirth. Perhaps this is because birth is a natural process, something that is part of human life, rather than a medical condition that needs to be met, that we have neglected to study it. Building upon archaeologist Laurie Wilkie’s assertion that there is a tendency to ignore motherhood in her field, Jennifer Hill points out there is a lack of focus on reproduction and childbirth in the field of history also. Hill’s historical analysis of reproduction and childbirth at the turn of the nineteenth century fills this gap in scholarship, while challenging previous ideas about mothers and midwives as well as the overall capitalist-individualist narrative of the American West. Framing her work with the human life cycle: conception, birth, life, and death, Hill seeks to normalize childbirth while also emphasizing the historical importance it played in the colonization of the region. The high death rates of mothers who settled in states like Montana and Wyoming have been dismissed as a consequence of relying on midwives to guide the birthing process. Hill argues that it was not the incompetence of midwives that caused a high death rate, although this was the narrative that public health officials at the time pushed. Instead, the harsh material conditions and poverty that settler women faced contributed to high death rates during and after childbirth. While these conditions made childbirth risky, Hill praises the informal network of support that women created for its ability to manage healthcare. Birthing the West is an excellent addition to the historical field, as it elevates previously silenced voices while challenging major arguments about the American West. Often isolated in their rural settlements, women who settled in the Rockies and plains did not have the same access to healthcare that their urban counterparts had. Despite this challenge, solo birthing experiences were rare, as women formed a community to assist each other. Using personal letters, oral interviews, and journals, Hill maps a unique reciprocal economy that existed among settler women in this region. Still expected to maintain the home and farm, “chronically fatigued mothers living in isolation faced greater physical and emotional burdens than urban women” (58). Hill’s research shows that despite their stressful lives, plains and Rockies rural mothers were able to rely on each other in order to safely give birth and recover. Hill’s statistical data is from the Children’s Bureau, which under Julia Lathrop, interviewed just under five hundred new mothers in rural Montana during the Summer of 1917. According to their findings, the majority of maternity health care during the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries was provided by midwives. While some of these midwives had formal training, many gained their knowledge from personal experience and through","PeriodicalId":45991,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family History","volume":"47 1","pages":"478 - 480"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48992367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Book Review: The Birth Certificate: An American History by Susan J. Pearson","authors":"Shannon K. Withycombe","doi":"10.1177/03631990221098625","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03631990221098625","url":null,"abstract":"For many Americans, the birth certificate is a valuable document, but only for the purposes of obtaining other “official” documents (driver’s license, passport, marriage license, etc.). Most of us rarely look at our birth certificates, but keep it protected as it is “proof” that we exist and deserve consideration by our government. Citizenship rests upon the birth certificate, and yet citizenship is also constructed within the birth certificate, with each box and space filled with purportedly objective information. Susan J. Pearson’s newest book, The Birth Certificate: An American History reveals the fraught history of this simple document. She examines how the birth certificate has always been about who qualifies as “American” and who does not. What many social groups and political agencies portray as a simple representation of the truth of one’s existence and identity is instead, in Pearson’s work, a complex, layered, and contentious system of categorizing individuals into a country of valuable and valueless groups. Pearson illustrates that over the late nineteenth and twentieth centuries, “The more birth certificates came to serve as proof of identity, the less stable their ‘facts’ became.” (124) Pearson set out to trace the creation, development, and challenges to the American birth certificate and did so with admirable depth, creating a book very rich in sources. She opens on mid-nineteenth-century Boston where statistician and public health reformer Lemuel Shattuck presented his plan for systematized and universal vital registration in his state in the 1850s. Like many other white men of influence at this time, Shattuck believed that with enough data and the right numbers, populational health, strength, and value could be determined. Linking vital registration to the changes in childbirth, racial anxieties, and colonialism, Pearson investigates the myriad individuals and organizations in the last half of the nineteenth century who advocated for “accurate” birth recording of some kind. Pearson is able to add another important consideration to the commonly known narrative about the shift in birthing attendants in the United States from midwives to male physicians over the course of the nineteenth century, as birth certificates favored educated males over women who had less access to literacy and official avenues of paper bureaucracy. As states moved to pass birth registration laws, supporters found that convincing doctors, midwives, families, and others who might be involved in a birth to shift their practices accordingly was more difficult than they supposed. The United States Children’s Bureau, formed in 1912, stepped in to fill this role and worked tirelessly to spread the gospel of birth registration across the nation. As popular concerns of Progressive-Era club women, public health officials, and physicians striving to gain a professional monopoly, infant survival and child welfare emerged as problems to be solved by the state. The Child","PeriodicalId":45991,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family History","volume":"47 1","pages":"332 - 334"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42354849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Book review: The Persistence of Slavery: An Economic History of Child Trafficking in Nigeria by Robin P. Chapdelaine","authors":"S. Duff","doi":"10.1177/03631990221092992","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03631990221092992","url":null,"abstract":"and as a problem to solve. African Americans and Native Americans had less access to obtaining birth certificates. When they did possess them, the “fact” of their race created obstacles to employment, marriage, and voting rights. Due to pressure brought by multiple groups, including the NAACP, in 1968 the Census Bureau agreed to move “race/color” to a section of the birth certificate that remains, to this day, confidential state information. Pearson reveals the simultaneous meanings of race as a “fact” of the population and a construction that can bring harm to individuals. With these challenges to the birth certificate’s claim to truth by individuals and groups harmed by its growing authority over individual identity and populational policies, Pearson is easily able to bring this long history up to the current wave of “bathroom bills” and other legislation used to empower the facts of the birth control over the autonomy of trans-Americans to live their lives as their authentic selves. Both the state and private citizens have used birth certificates to discriminate against multiple groups in US history, but Pearson shows us that those discriminated against also have a history of action and agency in reshaping the birth certificate. In the closing of the book, Pearson lauds the flexibility of the fixed document that is the birth certificate: “If our documents are meant to say who we are, then we ought to have a say in our documents.” (292) Pearson is only able to craft this sweeping narrative of a complex, powerful document over 150 years with exhausting research. Or at least, research that appears in her notes as exhaustion-inducing (I cannot speak for her frame of mind or level of energy at the end of the project). By my count, Pearson visited eleven different archives in nine different states to dig through papers of both government agencies (such as the Bureau of Indian Affairs or the Children’s Bureau) and individuals at the center of birth registration debates (such as Lemuel Shattuck and Grace Abbott). Juggling personal correspondence, government reports, and newspaper articles (to name just a few source types) Pearson exhibits her dexterity and care as a researcher. Historians interested in any number of topics in twentieth-century America could find new research paths just with a close reading of her footnotes. In the end, Pearson crafts one of those fascinating histories of an entity of all our lives that has always seemed inevitable in the progress of American culture. When I teach graduate students about how to come up with a research question, I ask them to practice by just looking around them and asking: “why is that?” Pearson asked, “why is that?” about one of the most meaningful documents in the country and answered with an original and captivating story that forces us all, historian and American alike, to reconsider our understandings of the facts of our own births. The birth certificate marks all of us, from the very moment we ar","PeriodicalId":45991,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family History","volume":"47 1","pages":"334 - 338"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48090689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Professors Down the Aisle: Academic Marriage Patterns in the Seventeenth Century Dutch Republic","authors":"Leonie Price, Manuel Llano","doi":"10.1177/03631990221088298","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03631990221088298","url":null,"abstract":"Misogamist discourse prevailed among western European early modern scholars. This article examines whether misogamist discourse translated into behaviour in the Dutch Republic. We identify marriage trends of professors employed by the universities of Leiden and Utrecht in the seventeenth century, using quantitative and qualitative approaches. We analysed a prosopographical dataset of professors and their wives, explored here through several case studies. Against views of exceptionality, seclusion and celibacy in scholarly culture, based on self-fashioning and a handful of memorable examples, we argue that scholars overall replicated and intensified the European Marriage Pattern, and marriage strategies of the Dutch civic elite.","PeriodicalId":45991,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family History","volume":"48 1","pages":"163 - 178"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45960593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Book Review: Stalin’s Niños: Educating Spanish Civil War Refugee Children in the Soviet Union, 1937–1951 by Karl D. Qualls","authors":"D. Kowalsky","doi":"10.1177/03631990221080066","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03631990221080066","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45991,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family History","volume":"47 1","pages":"352 - 354"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41671144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Book Review: Intelligent Love: The Story of Clara Park, Her Autistic Daughter, and the Myth of the Refrigerator Mother by Marga Vicedo","authors":"K. E. Nielsen","doi":"10.1177/03631990221084934","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03631990221084934","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45991,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family History","volume":"47 1","pages":"341 - 343"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49206917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}