Asian Population Studies最新文献

{"title":"Missing marriage: changing marriage patterns amid social transition in Myanmar","authors":"A. Schuster, A. Hinde, S. Padmadas","doi":"10.1080/17441730.2021.1898149","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17441730.2021.1898149","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Across Asia, men and women increasingly delay or abstain from marriage, a change often linked to improvements in female educational attainment and labour force participation. In Myanmar, less than 90 per cent of women aged 45–49 years during the 2014 census had ever married, compared to nearly all men of a similar age. This paper investigates the difference in marriage patterns between males and females in Myanmar. Using a Cox proportional hazards model, we analyse the associations between entry into marriage across age cohorts, and male and female educational attainment and workforce participation. We find that having a high level of education and currently working negatively affect women's chances of marrying across all ages. While higher education similarly affects younger men, we find that higher socioeconomic status substantially improves a man's likelihood of marriage in later life, suggesting lingering gender stereotypes influencing women to remain single in the country.","PeriodicalId":45987,"journal":{"name":"Asian Population Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2021-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/17441730.2021.1898149","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45326607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Educational attainment and housework participation among Japanese, Taiwanese, and American women across adult life transitions","authors":"Kamila Kolpashnikova, E. Koike","doi":"10.1080/17441730.2021.1920147","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17441730.2021.1920147","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT We investigate the association between women’s educational levels and housework participation across cultural contexts and through different stages in the life-course. In testing the suggestion from previous research that women with higher levels of education spend less time on housework than do women with less education, we found that this argument holds true for single women in Japan, Taiwan, and the United States. Our results also indicate that for all American women and for single and married Taiwanese women without children, their numbers of years of education correlate inversely with their daily hours of domestic labour; however, this correlation does not exist for married Taiwanese women with children. Similarly, the educational levels of married Japanese women—with or without children—have no bearing on their housework participation.","PeriodicalId":45987,"journal":{"name":"Asian Population Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2021-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/17441730.2021.1920147","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41769617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modernisation, demographic change and state-level variations in household composition in India","authors":"E. Breton","doi":"10.1080/17441730.2021.1891736","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17441730.2021.1891736","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This study examines whether modernisation and demographic change explain subnational household variations in India using state-level data from six rounds of the National Sample Survey harmonised by IPUMS-International. Results highlight significant regional differences in living arrangements, mainly between south India, where joint households are rare, and selected states located in the Indo-Gangetic Plain, where joint households are most prevalent. Key indicators of modernisation (urbanisation, occupational diversification, educational expansion) and demographic change explain roughly half of these differences, although modernisation indicators have a much weaker explanatory power than demographic ones. Further analyses show that men's rising age at marriage is linked to a modest increase in nuclear households, whereas educational expansion may have hindered this increase. These findings support the claim that the preference for joint households has long been considerably weaker – if at all present – in selected southern states, a nuance largely ignored in explanations of household change in India.","PeriodicalId":45987,"journal":{"name":"Asian Population Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2021-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/17441730.2021.1891736","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48450169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trouble and strife: demographic shocks, agrarian change and marriage in Portuguese Timor","authors":"D. Kammen","doi":"10.1080/17441730.2021.1891737","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17441730.2021.1891737","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Marital exchange between origin ‘houses’ is central to Timorese narratives and has been a central concern of anthropological study of Portuguese Timor and independent Timor-Leste. This article challenges the notion of stable patterns of marital exchange between named houses across time. Drawing on data from the colonial census, this paper finds a severe imbalance in the sex ratio during the first half of the twentieth century. Starting from subsistence agriculture, demographic shocks, the head tax and the introduction of forced coffee cultivation, the paper identifies the neglect and mistreatment of females, inflationary pressures on the bride price, increasing polygamous marriage and significant maternal mortality as key causal mechanisms that led to a highly imbalanced sex ratio. These dynamics impacted the age of marriage for men and women, and resulted in a sharp increase in the number of men who were unable to marry.","PeriodicalId":45987,"journal":{"name":"Asian Population Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2021-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/17441730.2021.1891737","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46808181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recent fertility changes in Mongolia: what can we learn from examining tempo-adjusted fertility?","authors":"Munkhbadar Judger, Bernard Baffour, Zhongwei Zhao","doi":"10.1080/17441730.2021.1882097","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17441730.2021.1882097","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Between 1990 and 2015, several post-communist countries experienced a decline in fertility, followed by a rise in the period fertility rate of roughly one child per woman. Mongolia is a good case-in-point. Its period fertility dropped further after the demise of socialism in 1990 but has increased again since 2005 and fluctuated around 3.0 children per woman in recent years. Political factors have been suggested as the explanation of these changes. This research investigates whether demographic factors also provide explanations for the period fertility changes in Mongolia. We study this through reconstructing the fertility rates, by age and birth order, from data collected by several social and demographic surveys. The fertility rates are adjusted to examine the role of tempo effects in recent fertility changes. The results show that the demographic influences, in particular childbearing postponement and recuperation, have contributed to recent changes in fertility trends and levels in Mongolia.","PeriodicalId":45987,"journal":{"name":"Asian Population Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2021-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/17441730.2021.1882097","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41939478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cognitive and psychological health implications of living alone among middle-aged and older adults in China","authors":"M. Wen, Q. Ren","doi":"10.1080/17441730.2021.1886715","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17441730.2021.1886715","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This study examines the associations between living alone and psychological and cognitive health and explores the moderating effects of age, gender, marital status, social engagement and family income among middle-aged and older adults in China. Data is drawn from a longitudinal sample of 9,469 participants in the 2010 and 2014 waves of the China Family Panel Study (CFPS). Cognitive health is captured by scores on word and math tests. Psychological health is measured by depressive symptoms. The results show that living alone has no health benefits in this sample of middle-aged and older Chinese, though it seems to be injurious for psychological health among the unmarried and detrimental to cognitive health for men. Study implications are discussed, specifically the need for more research into the mediating and moderating effects of the link between living alone and health.","PeriodicalId":45987,"journal":{"name":"Asian Population Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2021-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/17441730.2021.1886715","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48203890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Subjective life expectancy in transition: a longitudinal study of Korean baby boomers","authors":"Jeong-Hwa Ho","doi":"10.1080/17441730.2020.1865634","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17441730.2020.1865634","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Subjective life expectancy predicts actual mortality and provides individual timeframes. This four-year longitudinal study on Korean baby boomers in middle age examines how subjective life expectancy changes as people get older and how changes in health and socioeconomic status cause these shifts. Compared to population-based actuarial life expectancies, men in their fifties overestimated their future longevity by 1.2 years and women underestimated by 4.1 years. Subjective life expectancy increased as the baby boomers aged. The fixed effects regression analyses showed that subjective longevity changed along with known health and mortality factors. An increase in socioeconomic resources predicted an increase in subjective life expectancy, while smoking or health deterioration led to decrease. Generally, baby boomers form rational expectations on their future longevity based on established correlates of health and mortality. However, women’s underestimation of life expectancy warrants social concern on longevity risk.","PeriodicalId":45987,"journal":{"name":"Asian Population Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2021-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/17441730.2020.1865634","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48632207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Momentum of Chinese migration scholarship in East and Southeast Asia","authors":"Pui Kwan Man, E. Fong","doi":"10.1080/17441730.2020.1858570","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17441730.2020.1858570","url":null,"abstract":"Chinese people have had a presence in East and Southeast Asia for centuries. According to the United Nations (UN) classification, East and Southeast Asia include diverse economies. Our discussion follows the UN definition and focuses on these economies. In 2020, over 30 million Chinese lived in Southeast Asia in countries such as Indonesia, Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam (Lockard, 2013; Wong, 2013; Zhuang & Wang, 2010). With the implementation of China’s Belt and Road Initiative launched in 2013, there has been rapid economic integration between China and the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN), which has resulted in a large volume of Chinese labour migration within the area (Fong & Shibuya, 2020; Van Chinh, 2013; Wong, 2013). According to UN data on the international migrant stock by destination and origin, the number of Chinese immigrants in East and Southeast Asia increased dramatically between 1990 and 2019, from about 825,000 to 2,084,000. In some countries, such as Cambodia, Japan, Korea, Thailand, and Vietnam, the mainland Chinese migrant population grew more than 100 per cent. It is clear that there has been a visible increase in the number of migrants from mainland China in the region. Despite the large number of migrants from mainland China, large-scale comparative studies of this migration flow have been surprisingly sparse. Using the same UN data set, Abel et al. (2019) and Fong et al. (2020) have explored general patterns of Asian migration. Yet, they did not focus on migration patterns from mainland China specifically. Studies based on individual-level survey data investigating the motivations and destination choices of Chinese migrants in the region are almost absent. The increase in migration of Chinese individuals to Southeast Asia inevitably has also led to the discussion about their economic and social integration. The economic integration of Chinese labour migrants to Southeast Asia is associated with the increasing bilateral trade of China with other countries in the region. The total trade between China and ASEAN rose from US$7 billion in 1990 to US$202 billion in 2007 (Zhuang & Wang, 2010). By 2013, China was the largest foreign investor in Myanmar, Lao PDR, and Cambodia. They found that Chinese products occupied a great part of the Southeast Asia market that helped the economic integration of local Chinese immigrant businessmen (Zhuang & Wang, 2010). However, the current literature on growing economic presence in various economies in East and Southeast Asia, and specifically the relationship","PeriodicalId":45987,"journal":{"name":"Asian Population Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2021-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/17441730.2020.1858570","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41666482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Return or not return: examining the determinants of return intentions among migrant workers in Chinese cities","authors":"Hengyu Gu, Yingkai Ling, T. Shen","doi":"10.1080/17441730.2020.1825161","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17441730.2020.1825161","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Well-developed cities have long featured as favoured destinations for Chinese migrant workers. In recent years, however, the incidence of return migration has increased in China, with a significant impact on economic development and social governance at both the origins and destinations. Owing to the limited availability of data, the return intentions of migrant workers at the national level have gone largely unexplored. Using data from the 2016 China Migrant Dynamic Survey (CMDS), the study investigates the return intentions of migrant workers residing in destination cities. Econometric data analysis indicates that family connections (i.e. family members living together, and whether to migrate with children) and housing factors (i.e. housing ownership, housing expenditure proportion, housing tenure, and group living) have significant effects on return intentions and that social and spatial factors (i.e. type of industry, employment status, insurance coverage, migration distance, and duration of stay) also play significant roles. Our results point as well to the influence of geographical location on return intentions. The study concludes with recommendations regarding the formulation of population management policies.","PeriodicalId":45987,"journal":{"name":"Asian Population Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2021-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/17441730.2020.1825161","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43555851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Life Course Perspective on the Wartime Migrations of Northern Vietnamese War Survivors.","authors":"Yvette Young, Kim Korinek, Nguyen Huu Minh","doi":"10.1080/17441730.2021.1956722","DOIUrl":"10.1080/17441730.2021.1956722","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Research addressing conflict and migration has made great strides in explaining the relationship between violence and migration. However, it commonly lacks individual-level data on exposure to war. We use survey data from the 2018 Vietnam Health and Aging Study to examine the associations between war-related violence exposure during the American War and the wartime migrations of northern Vietnamese war survivors. Using multilevel mixed-effects count models, we investigate three groups of factors influencing migration-war-related events, economic circumstances, and demographic and life course factors-to explore the relationship between war exposure and migration, inclusive of deployments, economic moves, and displacements. Our findings indicate that the effects of war exposure, socioeconomic status, and demographic characteristics diverge for different types of migration. These findings, framed within the life course and historical context, suggest the need to thoughtfully delineate both war exposures and traditional causes of migration to understand the diverse types of mobility occurring during periods of armed conflict.</p>","PeriodicalId":45987,"journal":{"name":"Asian Population Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9075415/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42975388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}