Ai Omi, Fumi Nomura, Shigeharu Tsujioka, Akiko Fujino, Reiko Akizuki
{"title":"Efficacy and safety of ibrutinib in relapsed/refractory CLL and SLL in Japan: a post-marketing surveillance.","authors":"Ai Omi, Fumi Nomura, Shigeharu Tsujioka, Akiko Fujino, Reiko Akizuki","doi":"10.3960/jslrt.22002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3960/jslrt.22002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ibrutinib is approved in Japan for the treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL)/small lymphocytic lymphoma (SLL) based on the results of global and domestic clinical studies. Following approval, we conducted an all-case post-marketing surveillance in Japanese patients with relapsed/refractory CLL/SLL newly initiated on ibrutinib treatment between May 2016-September 2017. Of the 323 patients enrolled, the safety and efficacy analysis sets comprised 289 and 205 patients, respectively. The overall response rate with ibrutinib treatment was 64.4%, and the estimated 52-week progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) rates were 71.7 and 79.1%, respectively. No significant difference in the PFS rate was observed among patients with and without del(17p) (P = 0.160); however, PFS was significantly longer in patients who received 1 prior line of therapy versus >1 prior lines of therapy (P = 0.007). Adverse events occurred in 74.0% of patients, and typically occurred early (≤12 weeks) after ibrutinib initiation, followed by a decline in incidence thereafter. The overall rates of infection, bleeding, and arrhythmia were 22.5, 12.8, and 4.8%, respectively. Grade ≥3 bleeding events and atrial fibrillation occurred in 2.4% of patients each. The efficacy and safety profile of ibrutinib treatment in routine clinical practice was consistent with clinical trials and previously reported domestic data.UMIN-CTR Clinical Trials Register ID: UMIN000021963.</p>","PeriodicalId":45936,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hematopathology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/b4/23/jslrt-62-136.PMC9635026.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40587553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Administration of brentuximab vedotin to a Hodgkin lymphoma patient with liver dysfunction due to vanishing bile duct syndrome resulting in a partial response without any severe adverse events.","authors":"Kantaro Ishitsuka, Yasuhisa Yokoyama, Naoko Baba, Ryota Matsuoka, Noriaki Sakamoto, Tatsuhiro Sakamoto, Manabu Kusakabe, Takayasu Kato, Naoki Kurita, Hidekazu Nishikii, Mamiko Sakata-Yanagimoto, Naoshi Obara, Yuichi Hasegawa, Shigeru Chiba","doi":"10.3960/jslrt.21035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3960/jslrt.21035","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Vanishing bile duct syndrome (VBDS) is a rare hepatic disorder which leads to liver failure as a result of progressive destruction of the intrahepatic bile ducts. There are no treatment modalities for VBDS itself and severe hepatic dysfunction restricts the treatment of underlying diseases. We safely treated a case of classic Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) with VBDS using brentuximab vedotin (BV). The patient was treated with 5 cycles of reduced BV and a partial metabolic response was obtained. Moreover, a standard dose of BV for another 5 cycles was accomplished with minimal adverse events. Our experience indicates that BV could be a treatment option for classic HL with VBDS.</p>","PeriodicalId":45936,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hematopathology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/ac/b8/jslrt-62-154.PMC9635035.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40600808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Addition of bortezomib to high-dose cyclophosphamide therapy as a conditioning regimen for autologous peripheral blood stem cell harvest leads to an increased yield of hematopoietic stem cells.","authors":"Sayaka Ohno, Kiyohito Hayashi, Ryo Shimizu, Akihiro Ishii, Hiroaki Tanaka","doi":"10.3960/jslrt.22013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3960/jslrt.22013","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Peripheral blood stem cell harvest (PBSCH) is a crucial procedure for autologous stem cell transplantation in patients with multiple myeloma. We herein report a retrospective study to verify the usefulness of bortezomib and high-dose cyclophosphamide therapy (Bor-HDCY) as a conditioning regimen for PBSCH. Thirty-three patients were evaluated. The median age at the first apheresis was 61 (interquartile range, 53-64) years old, and 18 (54.5%) patients were male. Bor-HDCY was performed in 15 patients, and HDCY was performed in 18. In the patients who underwent Bor-HDCY, the CD34<sup>+</sup> cell count at the first apheresis was significantly higher than in the others (P<0.01), and the total CD34<sup>+</sup> cell count also tended to be high (P=0.0933). In terms of apheresis days, two-thirds of the patients who underwent HDCY had two-day apheresis, whereas most who underwent Bor-HDCY had one-day apheresis. According to univariate analysis, Bor-HDCY (P<0.01), VRd (Bor, lenalidomide, and dexamethasone) as induction therapy (P=0.0529), and ≥VGPR before PBSCH (P=0.0767) were factors associated with a higher CD34<sup>+</sup> cell count at first apheresis. Although multivariate analysis showed that there were no independently significant factors influencing the CD34<sup>+</sup> cell count at the first apheresis, the stepwise selection method revealed that only the Bor-HDCY regimen remained in the final model (P<0.005). Bor-HDCY may be a useful conditioning regimen for increasing the CD34<sup>+</sup> cell yield.</p>","PeriodicalId":45936,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hematopathology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/06/5b/jslrt-62-147.PMC9635030.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40719537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Serum IgG and lymphocyte counts are useful for the early detection of infection in patients receiving bendamustine-rituximab therapy.","authors":"Manabu Suzuki, Daisuke Koyama, Shohei Ikeda, Masumi Sukegawa, Mayumi Teshirogi, Kyohei Misawa, Saburo Tsunoda","doi":"10.3960/jslrt.21031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3960/jslrt.21031","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Bendamustine-rituximab (BR) therapy has been established as a highly effective regimen for indolent non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). However, patients who receive BR therapy exhibit persistent hypogammaglobulinemia and lymphopenia, resulting in an increased incidence of infections. As a sustained immunosuppressive state is a risk factor for infections, early predictive biomarkers for infections related to BR therapy need to be identified. We retrospectively analyzed 61 patients with indolent NHL who were followed up for 2 years after the end of BR therapy. Progression-free survival was significantly influenced by the incidence of infections. Patients with infections related to BR therapy exhibited persistent hypogammaglobulinemia and lymphopenia. In addition, we determined the cutoff values of serum IgG values and lymphocyte counts for infections using receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. Minimum serum IgG and lymphocyte counts at the first BR treatment cycle were significantly associated with the incidence of infections during and after BR treatment. Furthermore, the development of skin reactions during BR therapy was significantly associated with the incidence of infections after BR therapy. Our study suggested that these values and symptom are predictive biomarkers for infections related to BR therapy. Based on these findings, better management of indolent NHL patients will be possible.</p>","PeriodicalId":45936,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hematopathology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/ec/21/jslrt-62-91.PMC9353852.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39914331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Historical and pathological overview of Castleman disease.","authors":"Midori Filiz Nishimura, Yoshito Nishimura, Asami Nishikori, Tadashi Yoshino, Yasuharu Sato","doi":"10.3960/jslrt.21036","DOIUrl":"10.3960/jslrt.21036","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Castleman disease consists of several lymphoproliferative subtypes that share some histological features in the lymph nodes. On the other hand, numerous clinical findings and etiologies make the disease challenging to understand. The origin of the disease is the hyaline vascular-type unicentric Castleman disease (UCD), first reported by Benjamin Castleman et al. in 1954. Although UCD is characterized by localized lesions and lack of symptoms, multicentric Castleman disease (MCD) with multiple lesions and systemic symptoms was reported by Frizzera in 1983. MCD is further divided according to KSHV/HHV8 infection status. In KSHV/HHV8-related MCD, viral infection signals lead to excessive cytokine production, and cause clinical and pathologic abnormalities. Some cases of plasma cell-type KSHV/HHV8-negative MCD can be found in association with POEMS syndrome (polyneuropathy, organomegaly, endocrinopathy, M-proteins, and skin changes), which is a paraneoplastic syndrome. The others are idiopathic MCD, which are currently considered a heterogeneous group of diseases with overlapping pathological and clinical features. In this article, we summarize the historical evolution of Castleman disease to help understand the disease concept. We also review the latest ideas and definitions of the subtypes within the MCD spectrum and summarize the histopathological findings.</p>","PeriodicalId":45936,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hematopathology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9353854/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78935571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Nakajima, Masayuki Shimoda, K. Takeuchi, Akito Dobashi, T. Kanai, Y. Kanai, Y. Iwao
{"title":"Lymphomatoid gastropathy/NK-cell enteropathy involving the stomach and intestine","authors":"M. Nakajima, Masayuki Shimoda, K. Takeuchi, Akito Dobashi, T. Kanai, Y. Kanai, Y. Iwao","doi":"10.3960/jslrt.21032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3960/jslrt.21032","url":null,"abstract":"Lymphomatoid gastropathy (LyGa)/natural killer (NK)-cell enteropathy (NKCE) is recognized as a benign NK-cell lymphoproliferative disease. Due to its histological similarity to NK/T cell lymphoma, it is easy to misdiagnose, leading to unnecessary chemotherapy and poor quality of life. This disease is typically observed in the small and large intestines in North America, whereas almost all cases in Japan occur locally in the stomach. Only 11 LyGa/NKCE cases involving both gastric and intestinal lesions have been reported, and there are few reports providing endoscopic images throughout the gastrointestinal tract. We report a case of LyGa/NKCE involving both the stomach and small and large intestines with detailed upper gastrointestinal endoscopy, colonoscopy, capsule endoscopy and pathology images. Its pathogenesis currently remains elusive, but most patients with LyGa/NKCE in Japan have Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection. Our patient was also positive for H. pylori infection at disease onset, but after receiving eradication therapy, ulcerative lesions in both stomach and intestine regressed and no recurrence was observed. This case suggests a link between the pathogenesis of LyGa/NKCE and H. pylori infection.","PeriodicalId":45936,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hematopathology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75034833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Taishi Takahara, E. Ishikawa, Yuka Suzuki, Yasunori Kogure, Akira Sato, K. Kataoka, S. Nakamura
{"title":"PD-L1-expressing extranodal diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, NOS with and without PD-L1 3’-UTR structural variations","authors":"Taishi Takahara, E. Ishikawa, Yuka Suzuki, Yasunori Kogure, Akira Sato, K. Kataoka, S. Nakamura","doi":"10.3960/jslrt.21028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3960/jslrt.21028","url":null,"abstract":"Immune evasion mediated by PD-L1 plays an important role in the development of B-cell malignancies. However, PD-L1 expression is infrequently observed in tumor cells of extranodal diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, not otherwise specified (DLBCL, NOS). Other than copy number alterations, PD-L1 is aberrantly upregulated by structural variations in the 3′-UTR of PD-L1. We report four cases with PD-L1 expression on tumor cells, including two with structural variations in the 3′-UTR of PD-L1 and two without. Our report demonstrates the presence of a small number of “immune evasion-type” extranodal DLBCL, NOS cases.","PeriodicalId":45936,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hematopathology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76403072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"International definition of iMCD-TAFRO: future perspectives","authors":"Yoshito Nishimura, M. F. Nishimura, Y. Sato","doi":"10.3960/jslrt.21037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3960/jslrt.21037","url":null,"abstract":"Since thrombocytopenia, anasarca, fever, reticulin fibrosis, renal insufficiency, and organomegaly (TAFRO) syndrome was first proposed in 2010, there has been considerable progress in this area, particularly regarding its association with idiopathic multicentric Castleman disease (iMCD). TAFRO syndrome is a heterogeneous category with a constellation of symptoms that can develop in the setting of infection, rheumatologic disorder, malignancy, and iMCD. Now, iMCD with TAFRO symptoms is subtyped as iMCD-TAFRO. However, confusion between TAFRO syndrome and iMCD-TAFRO remains. In this article, we discuss the current understanding and future research agenda of TAFRO syndrome and iMCD-TAFRO from the perspective of its new validated international definition.","PeriodicalId":45936,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hematopathology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76924898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Rapid deterioration of intravascular large B-cell lymphoma with mass formation in the trigeminal nerve and multiple organ infiltration: An autopsy case report.","authors":"Yuka Tanaka, Shuji Momose, Natsuko Takayanagi, Takayuki Tabayashi, Michihide Tokuhira, Jun-Ichi Tamaru, Masahiro Kizaki","doi":"10.3960/jslrt.21013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3960/jslrt.21013","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Intravascular large B-cell lymphoma (IVLBCL) is a rare lymphoma characterized by the selective growth of lymphoma cells within the lumen of vessels. We describe the case of a 69-year-old male who presented with marked pain in the left facial region. Gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging revealed a swollen left trigeminal nerve (TN) and positron emission tomography/computed tomography demonstrated fluorodeoxyglucose-only uptake at the same site. The patient had high serum lactate dehydrogenase and soluble interleukin-2 receptor levels. As random skin biopsy and bone marrow biopsy detected no abnormal pathogenesis, open biopsy of the TN was performed, revealing diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). However, ground glass opacities rapidly developed in both lung fields with severe respiratory failure. The patient died of progressive disease before the initiation of chemotherapy. Postmortem examination revealed widespread lymphoma cells in the lumen of vessels in multiple organs, including the lungs, excluding the bone marrow and skin. Lymphoma cells formed a mass in the TN and left lumbar plexus. A diagnosis of IVLBCL was made based on the postmortem pathological analysis. DLBCL of abnormal sites, such as the peripheral nervous system, should be considered in cases of IVLBCL as a differential diagnosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":45936,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hematopathology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/fc/49/jslrt-62-41.PMC9010497.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39674263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Intratumoral cancer immunotherapy exploiting anti-viral immunity.","authors":"Norimitsu Kadowaki","doi":"10.3960/jslrt.21023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3960/jslrt.21023","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>After a long period of endeavor, immunotherapy has become the mainstream of cancer therapies. This success is mostly ascribed to immune checkpoint blockade, chimeric antigen receptor-transduced T cell therapies, and bispecific antibodies. However, these methods have been effective or applicable to only a limited proportion of patients so far. Thus, further development of broadly applicable and effective immunotherapies is eagerly anticipated. Given that innate immunity is key to the induction of robust adaptive immunity and that the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment is a major hurdle to overcome, intratumoral immunotherapy in which delivery of immunostimulatory microbial agents to the tumor site triggers innate immunity in situ is a rational strategy. There has been a plethora of preclinical and clinical trials conducted involving the delivery of either mimetics of viral nucleic acids or oncolytic viruses intratumorally to trigger innate immunity via various nucleic acid sensors in the tumor site. Many of these have shown significant antitumor effects in mice, particularly in combination with immune checkpoint blockade. Oncolytic herpes simplex virus type 1 has been approved for the treatment of advanced melanoma in the United States and Europe and of glioblastoma in Japan. Whereas direct intratumoral administration has mainly been chosen as a delivery route, several promising compounds amenable to systemic administration have been developed. Intratumoral delivery of immunostimulatory agents will become an important option for cancer immunotherapy as an off-the-shelf, broadly applicable, and rational strategy that exploits the physiology of immunity, namely anti-microbial immunity.</p>","PeriodicalId":45936,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hematopathology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/7a/58/jslrt-62-1.PMC9010499.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39570360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}