TESL Canada Journal最新文献

{"title":"“Students Are My Life”: Reflections of One Novice EFL Teacher in Central America","authors":"T. Farrell, Vanja Avejic","doi":"10.18806/TESL.V37I3.1345","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18806/TESL.V37I3.1345","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a case study that examined the principles and practices of one novice English as a foreign language (EFL) teacher at a prominent English language institution in Central America. More specifically, this qualitative study sought to contribute to the discussion of the perceived interdependent influences of EFL teachers’ thoughts and behaviours through five stages of self-reflection using Farrell’s (2015) framework for reflective practice. Overall, the findings suggest that the teacher’s stated principles related to her philosophy, beliefs, and theory converge with her classroom practices; however, areas of divergence were also observed. Recommendations are included on the usefulness of the framework for ESL (English as a second language) teachers when reflecting on their practice. \u0000Cet article présente une étude de cas qui s’est penchée sur les principes et les pratiques d’une enseignante d’anglais langue étrangère (ALE) débutante dans une institution de langue anglaise renommée d’Amérique centrale. Plus particulièrement, cette étude qualitative a cherché à contribuer à la discussion sur les influences interdépendantes perçues des pensées et des comportements des enseignants d’ALE à travers cinq étapes d’autoréflexion à l’aide du cadre de pratique réflexive de Farrell (2015). Dans l’ensemble, les résultats suggèrent que les principes énoncés de l’enseignante liés à sa philosophie, à ses croyances et à sa théorie convergent vers ses pratiques en salle de classe; cependant, on a aussi observé des zones de divergence. Nous avons inclus des recommandations sur l’utilité du cadre pour les enseignants d’ALS (anglais langue seconde) lorsqu’ils réfléchissent à leur pratique.","PeriodicalId":45904,"journal":{"name":"TESL Canada Journal","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77175120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Word From The Editors","authors":"Antonella Valeo, Eva Kartchava","doi":"10.18806/tesl.v37i2.1342","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18806/tesl.v37i2.1342","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45904,"journal":{"name":"TESL Canada Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75415862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Second Language Learners’ and Teachers’ Perceptions of Delayed Immediate Corrective Feedback in an Asynchronous Online Setting An Exploratory Study","authors":"L. Canals, Gisela Granena, Yucel Yilmaz, Aleksandra Malicka","doi":"10.18806/tesl.v37i2.1336","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18806/tesl.v37i2.1336","url":null,"abstract":"Online language courses that rely on asynchronous teacher-learner communication face a practical problem when it comes to the provision of immediate corrective feedback by the teacher in oral interaction tasks. In this learning context, learners can still communicate synchronously and record their interaction without the teacher being present, but feedback by the teacher will be delayed in time. Research indicates that the effectiveness of feedback decreases as the time between the error and the correction increases and that immediate feedback is more effective (Arroyo & Yilmaz, 2018; Shintani & Aubrey, 2016). In this exploratory study conducted at an online university, we implemented a novel type of feedback we referred to as delayed immediate corrective feedback (DICF) and analyzed second language learners’ and teachers’ perceptions regarding its effectiveness and usefulness. Our goal was to assess the feasibility of implementing this type of feedback in our context and, ultimately, in other contexts where communication between teachers and learners takes place asynchronously. DICF was provided by teachers orally via screencast video. Learners and teachers’ perceptions were collected via two separate questionnaires. The results showed that teachers and learners responded positively to DICF and several potential benefits were identified. \u0000Les cours de langue en ligne qui s’appuient sur la communication asynchrone enseignant-apprenant rencontrent un probleme pratique quand vient le temps de fournir de la retroaction corrective immediate par l’enseignant lors des tâches d’interaction orale. Dans ce contexte d’apprentissage, les apprenants peuvent toujours communiquer de maniere synchrone et enregistrer leur interaction sans que l’enseignant soit present, mais la retroaction de l’enseignant sera decalee dans le temps. La recherche indique que l’efficacite de la retroaction diminue au fur et a mesure que le temps entre l’erreur et la correction augmente, et que la retroaction immediate est plus efficace (Arroyo & Yilmaz, 2018; Shintani & Aubrey, 2016). Dans cette etude exploratoire menee aupres d’une universite en ligne, nous avons mis en place une nouvelle forme de retroaction, que nous avons appelee retroaction corrective immediate retardee (RCIR), et nous avons analyse les perceptions des apprenants de langue seconde et des enseignants quant a son utilite et a son efficacite. Notre objectif etait d’evaluer la faisabilite de mettre en place ce type de retroaction dans notre contexte, et par extension, dans d’autres contextes ou la communication entre apprenants et enseignants se passe de maniere asynchrone. La RCIR a ete fournie oralement par des enseignants a l’aide de videos d’ecrans. Les perceptions des apprenants et des enseignants ont ete recueillies dans deux questionnaires distincts. Les resultats ont montre qu’apprenants et enseignants ont reagi a la RCIR de maniere positive et plusieurs avantages potentiels ont ete identifies.","PeriodicalId":45904,"journal":{"name":"TESL Canada Journal","volume":"73 1","pages":"181-209"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74308296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"“That’s Just How We Say it”: Understanding L2 Student Writers’ Responses to Written and Negotiated Corrective Feedback Through Critical Incidents","authors":"E. Britton, T. Austin","doi":"10.18806/tesl.v37i2.1332","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18806/tesl.v37i2.1332","url":null,"abstract":"According to sociocultural theory (SCT), corrective feedback (CF) entails a negotiation process whereby writing instructors support second language (L2) writers in self-correction and provide a level of guidance needed for writers to actively engage in revision tasks (Aljaafreh & Lantolf, 1994). Drawing on SCT, this collaborative self-study details the CF experiences of one writing instructor and four L2 students. Focusing on six “critical incidents” occurring within the instructor’s teaching context (a developmental writing course in a Northeastern U.S. university), the authors investigate L2 writers’ responses to written (WCF) and negotiated oral CF. During these incidents, students engaged with different forms of CF. The authors’ analysis of these incidents draws attention to the micro- and macro-contextual features that complicate students’ uptake and perceptions about differing forms of CF. Findings reveal the importance of face to- face negotiation in resolving lexicogrammatical issues. Despite some students’ successful uptake of WCF, the paper argues that negotiated feedback provides L2 writers with additional opportunities to develop writing identities and to assert their writerly agency. Pedagogical implications are discussed. \u0000Selon la theorie socioculturelle (TSC), la retroaction corrective (RC) implique un processus de negociation par lequel les instructeurs en redaction soutiennent les redacteurs de langue seconde (L2) pour s’autocorriger et fournissent un niveau de conseils necessaire pour que les redacteurs s’impliquent activement dans les tâches de revision (Aljaafreh & Lantolf, 1994). En s’inspirant de TSC, cette autoevaluation collaborative decrit en detail les experiences de RC d’un instructeur en redaction et de quatre etudiants de L2. En se concentrant sur six « evenements critiques » qui se sont produits dans le contexte d’enseignement de l’instructeur (un cours de developpement des habiletes de redaction dans une universite du nord-est des Etats-Unis), les auteurs ont enquete sur les reactions des redacteurs de L2 a la retroaction corrective par ecrit et a la retroaction negociee orale. Lors de ces evenements, les etudiants ont participe a plusieurs formes de RC. L’analyse que les auteurs font de ces evenements attire l’attention sur les caracteristiques microcontextuelles et macrocontextuelles qui compliquent l’assimilation et les perceptions des etudiants par rapport aux differentes formes de RC. Les resultats montrent l’importance de la negociation face-a-face pour resoudre les problemes lexicogrammaticaux. Malgre l’assimilation reussie de la RC ecrite par certains etudiants, cet article avance que la retroaction negociee fournit aux redacteurs plus d’occasions de developper leur identite de redacteur et d’affirmer leur activite d’ecrivain. L’article discute des implications pedagogiques.","PeriodicalId":45904,"journal":{"name":"TESL Canada Journal","volume":"9 1","pages":"103-127"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90660139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating EAP Teachers’ Use and Perceptions of Gesture in General and in Corrective Feedback Episodes","authors":"Eva Kartchava, Abdizalon Mohamed","doi":"10.18806/tesl.v37i2.1341","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18806/tesl.v37i2.1341","url":null,"abstract":"This exploratory study examined the spontaneous use of gestures occurring in general as well as the corrective behaviour of two English for academic purposes (EAP) teachers at a Canadian university. Data were collected by way of an interview, lesson observation, and a stimulated recall session. Prior to the observation, each teacher was interviewed to identify practices (as they relate to gesture and CF) they found effective and employed regularly in their teaching. After the lesson, the teachers watched extracts from their lessons to reflect on the use of gestures in general and in CF episodes specifically, and to explain the motivations and/or reasons behind their choices. Results indicate that the EAP teachers actively used gestures, with many occurring alongside CF moves. They were also strategic in the amount and types of both CF and gesture they used. \u0000Cette étude exploratoire a examiné l’utilisation spontanée de gestes qui se produit en général ainsi que dans le cadre de comportement correctif chez deux enseignants d’anglais académique (EAP) d’une université canadienne. Des données ont été recueillies au moyen d’entrevues, d’observation de cours et d’une session de rappel stimulé. Avant de procéder à l’observation, chaque enseignant a fait l’objet d’une entrevue pour identifier les pratiques (en ce qu’elles avaient trait à la gestuelle et à la rétroaction corrective) qu’ils trouvaient utiles et employaient régulièrement quand ils enseignent. Après la leçon, les enseignants ont visionné des extraits de leur leçon afin de réfléchir à l’utilisation de gestes en général et lors de la rétroaction corrective en particulier, ainsi que pour expliquer les motivations et/ou les raisons qui sous-tendaient leurs choix. Les résultats indiquent que les enseignants d’EAP utilisaient la gestuelle de façon active, dont une grande partie se produisait en même temps que les gestes de rétroaction corrective. La quantité et le type de gestuelle et de rétroaction corrective étaient utilisés de façon stratégique.","PeriodicalId":45904,"journal":{"name":"TESL Canada Journal","volume":"75 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80533216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perspectives on Using Automated Writing Evaluation Systems to Provide Written Corrective Feedback in the ESL Classroom","authors":"Jonathan Woodworth, Khaled Barkaoui","doi":"10.18806/tesl.v37i2.1340","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18806/tesl.v37i2.1340","url":null,"abstract":"While feedback is widely considered essential for second language (L2) writing development (Bitchener & Ferris, 2012), teachers may not always be able to provide their learners with immediate and frequent corrective feedback. Automated writing evaluation (AWE) systems can help respond to this challenge by providing L2 learners with written corrective feedback (WCF) instantaneously and as frequently as needed both inside and outside the ESL classroom. Proponents of the use of AWE systems argue that these systems can facilitate more writing practice, increase learner motivation and accuracy, and promote learner autonomy. Critics argue that AWE systems cannot give individualized feedback, are prone to errors, can diminish the role of the teacher, and warp students’ notions of good writing. As a compromise, it is recommended to use feedback from AWE systems to complement, rather than replace, teacher WCF. In this perspectives paper, we discuss the main benefits and drawbacks of using AWE to provide WCF in the ESL classroom. We conclude by arguing that, when used judiciously and effectively to complement teacher feedback, WCF from AWE systems can support teachers’ work and enhance learners’ writing motivation and development in the ESL classroom. \u0000Alors qu’un consensus existe pour dire que la rétroaction est essentielle pour le développement de la rédaction en langue seconde (L2) (Bitchener & Ferris, 2012), les enseignants ne sont peut-être pas toujours en mesure de fournir une rétroaction corrective immédiate et fréquente à leurs apprenants. Les systèmes d’évaluation automatique de rédaction peuvent aider à répondre à ce défi en fournissant aux apprenants de L2 une rétroaction corrective écrite instantanée et de façon aussi fréquente que nécessaire à la fois en classe et hors de la classe d’ALS. Les défenseurs de l’utilisation des systèmes disent que ces systèmes peuvent encourager la pratique de la rédaction, augmenter la motivation et la précision de l’apprenant et promouvoir l’autonomie de l’apprenant. Les critiques avancent que les systèmes d’évaluation automatique ne peuvent pas donner de rétroaction personnalisée, sont susceptibles de faire des erreurs, peuvent diminuer le rôle de l’enseignant et déformer la perception des étudiants quant à ce qui constitue une bonne rédaction. On recommande, comme compromis, d’utiliser la rétroaction des systèmes d’évaluation automatique comme un complément, plutôt que comme un remplacement de la rétroaction corrective écrite de l’enseignant. Dans cet article donnant des perspectives, nous discutons des principaux avantages et inconvénients de l’utilisation de l’évaluation automatique de rédaction pour fournir de la rétroaction corrective écrite dans la classe d’anglais langue seconde. Nous arrivons à la conclusion que, utilisée de manière judicieuse et efficace pour compléter la rétroaction de l’enseignant, la rétroaction corrective écrite issue des systèmes d’évaluation automatique de rédaction peut soutenir","PeriodicalId":45904,"journal":{"name":"TESL Canada Journal","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85062240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Learner Personality and Response to Oral Corrective Feedback in an English for Academic Purposes Context","authors":"A. Lemak, Antonella Valeo","doi":"10.18806/tesl.v37i2.1334","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18806/tesl.v37i2.1334","url":null,"abstract":"Corrective feedback (CF) is an important part of effective instruction, and a rich body of research has investigated how best to implement various CF strategies and approaches. Researchers have increasingly become aware of individual difference that have an impact on the effect and effectiveness of CF. One area of individual difference that has been shown to influence learning outcomes is personality; yet, findings have been inconsistent, and the influence of learners’ personality traits on oral CF effectiveness has largely been neglected. This study aimed to fill this gap by investigating how learners with different personalities experience and benefit from different types of oral CF. Situated in an intact class of adult language-learners in an academic context, data collection included a Five Factor Model (FFM) personality test, video and audio recordings of classroom activities, and individual interviews/stimulated-recall sessions. The findings of this study suggest that personality traits do appear to play a role in how students experience CF. Relationships between global FFM personality traits and CF response emerged: competitiveness and perfectionism characteristics appeared influential and a possible interaction between agreeableness and neuroticism is discussed. Pedagogical implications are suggested. \u0000La rétroaction corrective est une partie importante de l’instruction efficace, et un important corpus de recherche s’est penché sur la meilleure façon de mettre en place des stratégies et des approches de rétroaction corrective. Les chercheurs sont devenus de plus en plus conscients des différences individuelles qui ont un impact sur l’effet et sur l’efficacité de la rétroaction corrective. On a montré qu’une aire de différence individuelle, la personnalité, influence les résultats d’apprentissage; cependant, les résultats ne sont pas uniformes, et l’influence des traits de personnalité des apprenants sur l’efficacité de la rétroaction corrective orale a été pour la plupart négligée. Le but de la présente étude était de combler cette lacune en étudiant comment des apprenants de différente personnalité vivent et bénéficien de différents types de rétroactions correctives orales. Située dans une classe intacte d’apprenants adultes de langues dans un contexte universitaire, la collecte de données comprenait un test de personnalité se basant sur le modèle en cinq facteurs (MCF), des enregistrements audio et vidéo des activités de classe, ainsi que des séances d’entrevues individuelles/de rappels stimulés. Les résultats de cette étude suggèrent que les traits de personnalité semblent bien jouer un rôle dans la façon dont les étudiants perçoivent la rétroaction corrective. Les relations entre les traits de personnalité généraux MCF et la réaction à la rétroaction corrective ont montré que : les caractéristiques de compétitivité et de perfectionnisme semblaient jouer un rôle marquant et on discute d’une interaction possible entre l’agréabilité et l","PeriodicalId":45904,"journal":{"name":"TESL Canada Journal","volume":"62 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87394556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamic Written Corrective Feedback among Graduate Students: The Effects of Feedback Timing","authors":"G. Eckstein, Maureen E. Sims, Lisa Rohm","doi":"10.18806/tesl.v37i2.1339","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18806/tesl.v37i2.1339","url":null,"abstract":"Dynamic written corrective feedback (DWCF) is a pedagogical approach that offer meaningful, manageable, constant, and timely corrective feedback on student writing (Hartshorn et al., 2010). It emphasizes indirect and comprehensive writte error correction on short, daily writing assignments. Numerous studies have demonstrated that its use can lead to fewer language errors among undergraduate and pre-matriculated college writers (see Kurzer, 2018). However, the benefits of DWCF among second language (L2) graduate writers and the role of feedback timing have not been well examined. We analyzed timed writing samples over a 12-week intervention from 22 L2 graduate students who either received biweekly feedback on their writing throughout a semester, or postponed feedback until the last two weeks of the semester. Writing was analyzed for grammatical errors, lexical and syntactic complexity, and fluency. Results showed that neither timely nor postponed feedback led to significant improvement in grammatical accuracy or lexical complexity, but timely feedback did result in more fluent and complex writing. These findings suggest that the timing of feedback may be trivial for accuracy development but is more important for complexity among graduate writers. Teachers, teacher trainers, and writing administrators may use these insights as they plan curricula and design grammar and writing interventions. \u0000La rétroaction corrective écrite dynamique (RCED) est une approche pédagogique qui propose une rétroaction significative, gérable, constante et opportune sur les rédactions des étudiants (Hartshorn et al. 2010). Elle insiste sur la correction complète et indirecte d’erreurs dans de courts devoirs de rédaction quotidiens. De nombreuses études ont démontré que son utilisation peut amener les rédacteurs de premier cycle ou pré-inscrits au collège à faire moins d’erreurs de langue (voir Kurzer, 2018). Cependant, les avantages de la RCED chez les rédacteurs diplômés de seconde langue (L2) et le rôle joué par l’opportunité de la rétroaction n’ont pas été bien étudiés. Nous avons analysé des échantillons de rédaction écrites en temps limité sur une période d’intervention de 12 semaines chez 22 étudiants diplômés de L2 qui recevaient de la rétroaction deux fois par semaine sur leurs rédactions pendant la durée du semestre, ou une rétroaction différée jusqu’à deux semaines avant la fin du semestre. Les rédactions ont été analysées pour découvrir les erreurs grammaticales, la complexité lexicale et syntaxique, ainsi que la fluidité Les résultats ont montré que ni la rétroaction opportune, ni la rétraction différé ne se traduisaient par une amélioration marquée de la précision grammaticale ou de la complexité lexicale, mais la rétroaction opportune menait à une rédaction plus fluide et plus complexe. Ces résultats suggèrent que l’opportunité de la rétroaction peut ne pas beaucoup influer sur le développement de la précision, mais s’avère plus importante pour la complexit","PeriodicalId":45904,"journal":{"name":"TESL Canada Journal","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82592448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Amount and Usefulness of Written Corrective Feedback Across Different Educational Contexts and Levels","authors":"Maria-Lourdes Lira-Gonzales, Hossein Nassaji","doi":"10.18806/tesl.v37i2.1333","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18806/tesl.v37i2.1333","url":null,"abstract":"This study examined and compared different written corrective feedback techniques used by English as a second language (ESL) teachers in three different educational contexts and levels (primary, secondary, and college) in Quebec, Canada. In particular, it examined whether there were any differences in the types of errors made, the kind and degree of feedback provided, as well as the students’ ability to incorporate the feedback while revising their texts. Data were collected at the three aforementioned contexts from six ESL teachers in their intact classes when they corrected their students’ (N = 128) written essays (drafts and revisions). Results revealed an important difference across the three levels in terms of students’ errors, teachers’ feedback, and students’ revisions. They showed that (a) while grammatical errors were made more frequently by primary students, lexical errors were made more frequently by college students; (b) primary and secondary students received more direct than indirect feedback, while college students received more indirect feedback; (c) the secondary and college students were more successful in incorporating the feedback into their revisions than primary students. \u0000La presente etude a examine et compare plusieurs techniques de retroactions correctives ecrites utilisees par des enseignants d’anglais langue seconde (ALS) dans trois contextes et niveaux d’education differents (primaire, secondaire et collegial) au Quebec, au Canada. En particulier, elle a examine s’il existait des differences dans les types d’erreurs qui etaient faites, quelle sorte et quel niveau de retroaction etaient fournis ainsi que la capacite des eleves a integrer la retroaction lorsqu’ils revisaient leurs textes. On a recueilli des donnees dans les trois contextes susmentionnes aupres de six enseignants d’ALS dans leurs classes intactes lorsqu’ils corrigeaient les redactions (brouillons et revisions) de leurs eleves (N = 128). Les resultats ont revele une differenc importante dans les trois niveaux en ce qui concerne les erreurs des eleves, la retroaction des enseignants et les revisions des eleves. Les resultats ont montre que (a), alors que les eleves de primaire faisaient plus d’erreurs grammaticales, les eleves de college faisaient plus d’erreurs lexicales; (b) les eleves de primaire et de secondaire recevaient plus de retroaction directe qu’indirecte, alors que les eleves de college recevaient plus de retroaction indirecte; (c) les eleves de secondaire et de college reussissaient mieux a incorporer la retroaction dans leurs revisions que les eleves de primaire.","PeriodicalId":45904,"journal":{"name":"TESL Canada Journal","volume":"5 1","pages":"1-22"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91006943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Visibility of Oral Corrective Feedback Research in Teacher Education Textbooks","authors":"Majid Nikouee, Leila Ranta","doi":"10.18806/tesl.v37i2.1338","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18806/tesl.v37i2.1338","url":null,"abstract":"The issue of whether, when, and how to respond to learners’ oral errors is something every teacher has to consider. Early studies of teachers’ feedback practices consisted of observations of how they managed this complex process (e.g., Lyster & Ranta, 1997). Beginning with these descriptions, a large body of research on types of oral corrective feedback (OCF) and their relative impact on L2 learning has emerged over the past few decades. OCF is thus an ideal topic for examining the degree to which second language acquisition (SLA) research-based discourse has influenced pedagogical discourse (Ellis & Shintani, 2014). This study examined how the topic of OCF is represented in 30 textbooks used in language teacher education courses. The amount of text dealing with OCF and the number of cited SLA references were quantified, and the textbooks’ advice was analyzed and compared to the findings from research. The results revealed variability across the textbooks in the degree to which OCF is treated, what is said about it, and the extent to which research is cited. Some textbook authors clearly have chosen not to highlight the contribution of research for language teaching, thus potentially limiting novice teachers’ exposure to researchers’ insights about error correction.","PeriodicalId":45904,"journal":{"name":"TESL Canada Journal","volume":"77 1","pages":"128-153"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79017720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}