Youth Justice-An International Journal最新文献

{"title":"Emotion Recognition and Perceived Social Support in Young People Who Offend","authors":"M. Wilcox, N. Frude, L. Andrew","doi":"10.1177/1473225420931189","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1473225420931189","url":null,"abstract":"Young people who offend appear stuck in a cycle of adverse experiences, low levels of social support and emotional skill deficits. Yet these factors have not been extensively researched with young people who offend. The current study aimed to develop the understanding of emotion recognition ability and perceived social support in young people who offend and to explore the relationship between these variables. A total of 50 young people who offend were recruited through three Youth Offending Teams and 50 age, gender, ethnicity, socio-economic status and academically matched young people without a known offending history were recruited from a college and youth service in the same geographical area. All participants completed a demographic questionnaire, the Toronto Alexithymia Scale, a Facial Emotion Recognition Task, a Verbal Emotional Prosody Recognition Task and the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support. Failing to support the hypotheses, statistical analyses failed to show that, relative to the controls, young people who offend had significantly higher levels of alexithymia, lower levels of perceived social support or lower ability to recognise others’ emotions. However, relative to the controls, young people who offend did show significantly lower ability to recognise fear through verbal prosody. Of particular interest, looked after status, which was more commonly reported among young people who offend (38%) than controls (4%), was the predominant factor associated with all outcome variables. Thus looked after status, rather than offending status in isolation, is more associated with difficulties in identifying and describing feelings, ability to recognise others’ emotions and levels of perceived social support. In addition, significant correlations were found between (1) alexithymia and perceived social support, (2) the ability to recognise others’ emotions and perceived social support and (3) the ability to recognise emotions from facial expressions and verbal prosody. Theoretical and clinical implications of the study findings are discussed and areas for future research are suggested.","PeriodicalId":45886,"journal":{"name":"Youth Justice-An International Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2020-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1473225420931189","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43895153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Colorblind Policy in a Carceral Geography: Reclaiming Public Education","authors":"Traci Schlesinger, Margaret Schmits-Earley","doi":"10.1177/1473225420931188","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1473225420931188","url":null,"abstract":"During the last decade, the federal government, states, and school districts implemented changes in school discipline policy to shift schools’ reliance from punishment and exclusion toward prevention, intervention, and restoration. In order to assess the impact of the last decade of reforms on attempts to decrease punishment and increase equity in schools, we examine nine large metropolitan districts that both revised their Codes of Conduct to limit their reliance on exclusionary discipline and implemented schoolwide behavioral and/or restorative programs. We find that while reforms are associated with decreases in students’ experience of three of four exclusionary discipline outcomes from 2009 to 2015, these benefits tend to accrue to the least vulnerable students – White students without disabilities. One explanation of this finding is that colorblind, risk-based, carceral assumptions of school and state policies undercut efforts to increase equity in school discipline.","PeriodicalId":45886,"journal":{"name":"Youth Justice-An International Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2020-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1473225420931188","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44309870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Children and Crime: In the Moment","authors":"K. Haines, Stephen Case, Roger Smith, Karen A. Joe Laidler, Nathan Hughes, C. Webster, T. Goddard, Jo Deakin, Diana Johns, K. Richards, P. Gray","doi":"10.1177/1473225420923762","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1473225420923762","url":null,"abstract":"Traditional approaches to understanding and responding to children and crime are fundamentally based on ‘miniaturised’ adult models. The assumption appears to be that children are adults in the making, essentially just smaller, developing versions of grown-ups. This view of children is increasingly being challenged. Children are not simply putative adults, they are different, distinct and developing. This article sets out to explore the notion that children essentially think and behave ‘in the moment’. The implications of this for our understanding of children and crime are also explored.","PeriodicalId":45886,"journal":{"name":"Youth Justice-An International Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2020-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1473225420923762","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43388063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"‘We Just Want to be Treated with Respect!’: Using Restorative Approaches and the Dramatic Arts to Build Positive Relationships Between the Police and Young People","authors":"B. Payne, J. Hobson, K. Lynch","doi":"10.1177/1473225420931205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1473225420931205","url":null,"abstract":"This article examines the Gloucestershire Youth Forums, an arts-based restorative intervention deployed in response to perceived issues with procedural justice, legitimacy and community relations between police and young people in the area. Through an ethnographic study of the forum processes and procedures, we show how such community-based arts programmes can be a powerful and effective tool for challenging entrenched views and have the potential to improve future encounters between police and young people. We also argue that the relevance and effectiveness of arts-based interventions can be increased by combining with restorative justice principles.","PeriodicalId":45886,"journal":{"name":"Youth Justice-An International Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2020-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1473225420931205","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42594628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rural Policing, Youth and Overlapping Fields of Youth Justice","authors":"T. Hepburn, D. Spencer, R. Ricciardelli","doi":"10.1177/1473225420925175","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1473225420925175","url":null,"abstract":"In the current article, we document the changing roles and responsibilities related to the implementation of the Canadian Youth Criminal Justice Act (YCJA). Police officers’ experiences and responses to the implementation of the YCJA reveal a disparity between the officers’ idealised role and their actual tasks involving youth. Drawing on Bourdieu’s theory of the habitus and field, we consider the field of youth justice and its effects on rural policing strategies in Canada. We consider the shifting standard for police behaviours from data gathered through interviews and focus groups with police officers. We find standards in the field of policing shift to reflect new realities enacted with the YCJA.","PeriodicalId":45886,"journal":{"name":"Youth Justice-An International Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2020-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1473225420925175","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42830801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Method to Measure Standard Costs of Juvenile Justice Systems: The Example of Italy","authors":"Silvio Ciappi, Elena Dalla Chiara, A. Padovani, F. Perali, Barbara Santagata","doi":"10.1177/1473225420924123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1473225420924123","url":null,"abstract":"This study proposes a standard costs method to evaluate the total direct costs of a juvenile justice system and applies it to the Italian case. The proposed cost-analysis method based on standard costs by offense-related groups illustrates how it can be implemented for improving the quality of management and cost monitoring. An illustrative cost-benefit analysis of the costs of juvenile justice in Italy shows that investments in rehabilitation programs are highly attractive even during a period of economic crisis and in very different regions.","PeriodicalId":45886,"journal":{"name":"Youth Justice-An International Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2020-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1473225420924123","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46369269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Supporting Children’s Resettlement (‘Reentry’) After Custody: Beyond the Risk Paradigm","authors":"N. Hazel, T. Bateman","doi":"10.1177/1473225420923761","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1473225420923761","url":null,"abstract":"In response to policy concerns in England and Wales and internationally, a considerable knowledge base has identified factors statistically associated with reduced recidivism for children leaving custodial institutions. However, despite resulting guidance on how to support resettlement (‘reentry’), practice and outcomes remain disappointing. We argue that this failure reflects weaknesses in the dominant ‘risk paradigm’, which lacks a theory of change and undermines children’s agency. We conceptualise resettlement as a pro-social identity shift. A new practice model reinterprets existing risk-based messages accordingly, and crucially adds principles to guide a child’s desistance journey. However, successful implementation may require the model to inform culture change more broadly across youth justice.","PeriodicalId":45886,"journal":{"name":"Youth Justice-An International Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2020-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1473225420923761","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46356375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"‘It was like more easier’: Rangatahi (Young People) and Their whānau (Family) Talk About Communication Assistance in the New Zealand Youth Justice System","authors":"Kelly Howard, C. McCann, Margaret Dudley","doi":"10.1177/1473225420923763","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1473225420923763","url":null,"abstract":"This qualitative study gives voice to rangatahi (young people) and their whānau (families) (n = 10) who have experienced communication assistance in the New Zealand youth justice system. Communication assistance is a form of specialist support for witnesses and defendants who have been identified as having communication difficulties; and is modelled on the role of the intermediary in England and Wales. The findings overall suggest that communication assistance has a valuable and ongoing role to play in the NZ youth justice system, and may be one means of addressing the rights and needs of those with communication difficulties who offend.","PeriodicalId":45886,"journal":{"name":"Youth Justice-An International Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1473225420923763","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41254849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Follow-Up Study on Recidivism among Adjudicated Juveniles with Special Education in the Juvenile Correctional Facility","authors":"Tai-ping Ho, Gregory C. Rocheleau","doi":"10.1177/1473225420923764","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1473225420923764","url":null,"abstract":"This study examines recidivism among adjudicated juveniles in special education programs in the juvenile correctional facility during the period of 2009–2015. There were two aims of this research: to conduct exploratory analyses of recidivism and to examine whether level of education relates to recidivism among this segment of juvenile offenders. Results revealed that 37.6 % of adjudicated juveniles with special education recidivated and that 52 % of those who recidivated were recommitted within 12 months of being released. Results from logistic regression also show that education failed to significantly predict recidivism once other factors were controlled for in multivariate analyses.","PeriodicalId":45886,"journal":{"name":"Youth Justice-An International Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2020-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1473225420923764","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43527430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Observing Juvenile Courtrooms: Testing the Implementation of Guidelines on Child-Friendly Justice in Spain","authors":"Esther Fernández-Molina, M. Bermejo, Olalla Baz","doi":"10.1177/1473225420918027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1473225420918027","url":null,"abstract":"In 2010, the Council of Europe adopted Guidelines on child-friendly Justice. This means, inter alia, developing an accessible justice system and focusing on respecting children’s rights to participate in and to understand proceedings. This research was conducted to establish the implementation of child-friendly justice through 129 observations in the courtrooms of two Spanish juvenile courts. The findings show that attempts have been made to comply with European standards, especially by judges who have implemented the required adaptations and encouraged the participation of children. However, the infrastructure does not appear to be the most appropriate, and questionable practices have been identified.","PeriodicalId":45886,"journal":{"name":"Youth Justice-An International Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2020-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1473225420918027","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44638350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}