Tzu Chi Medical Journal最新文献

{"title":"The impact of holiday season and weekend effect on traumatic injury mortality: Evidence from a 10-year analysis.","authors":"Po-Chen Lin,&nbsp;Chi-Yuan Liu,&nbsp;I-Shiang Tzeng,&nbsp;Tsung-Han Hsieh,&nbsp;Chun-Yu Chang,&nbsp;Yueh-Tseng Hou,&nbsp;Yu-Long Chen,&nbsp;Da-Sen Chien,&nbsp;Giou-Teng Yiang,&nbsp;Meng-Yu Wu","doi":"10.4103/tcmj.tcmj_20_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/tcmj.tcmj_20_22","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Trauma is one of the leading causes of death and its incidence increases annually. The \"weekend effect\" and \"holiday season effect\" on traumatic injury mortality remain controversial, whereby traumatic injury patients admitted during weekends and/or holiday season have a higher risk of in-hospital death. The present study is aimed to explore the association between \"weekend effect\" and \"holiday season effect\" and mortality in traumatic injury population.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This retrospective descriptive study included patients from the Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital Trauma Database between January 2009 and June 2019. The exclusion criterion was age of < 20 years. The primary outcome was the in-hospital mortality rate. The secondary outcomes included intensive care unit (ICU) admission, ICU re-admission, length of stay (LOS) in the ICU, ICU admission duration ≥ 14 days, total hospital LOS, total hospital LOS ≥ 14 days, need for surgery, and re-operation rate.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In this study, 11,946 patients were included in the analysis, and 8143 (68.2%) patients were admitted on weekdays, 3050 (25.5%) on weekends, and 753 (6.3%) on holidays. Multivariable logistic regression revealed that the admission day was not associated with an increased risk of in-hospital mortality. In other clinical outcome analyses, we found no significant increase in the risk of in-hospital mortality, ICU admission, ICU LOS ≥ 14 days, or total LOS ≥ 14 days in the weekend and holiday season groups. The subgroup analysis showed that the association between holiday season admission and in-hospital mortality was noted only in the elderly and shock condition populations. The holiday season duration did not differ in terms of in-hospital mortality. Longer holiday season duration was also not associated with an increased risk of in-hospital mortality, ICU LOS ≥14 days, and total LOS ≥14 days.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In this study, we did not find any evidence that weekend and holiday season admissions in the traumatic injury population were associated with an increased risk of mortality. In other clinical outcome analyses, there was no significant increase in the risk of in-hospital mortality, ICU admission, ICU LOS ≥ 14 days, or total LOS ≥ 14 days in the weekend and holiday season groups.</p>","PeriodicalId":45873,"journal":{"name":"Tzu Chi Medical Journal","volume":"35 1","pages":"69-77"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/7e/3d/TCMJ-35-69.PMC9972933.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9389133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The emergent neurosurgical outcome of spontaneous intracranial hemorrhage in patients with chronic liver disease.","authors":"Tze-Wei Chang,&nbsp;Kuan-Ting Robin Lin,&nbsp;Sheng-Tzung Tsai,&nbsp;Chien-Hui Lee","doi":"10.4103/tcmj.tcmj_54_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/tcmj.tcmj_54_22","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The influence of chronic liver disease (CLD) on emergent neurosurgical outcomes in patients with spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) remains unclear. CLD is usually associated with coagulopathy and thrombocytopenia, which contribute to a high rebleeding rate and poor prognosis after surgery. This study aimed to confirm the outcomes of spontaneous intracranial hemorrhage in patients with CLD after emergent neurosurgery.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>We reviewed the medical records of all patients with spontaneous ICH from February 2017 to February 2018 at the Buddhist Tzu Chi Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan. This study was approved by the Review Ethical Committee/Institutional Board Review of Hualien Buddhist Tzu Chi Hospital (IRB111-051-B). Patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage, tumors, arteriovenous malformations, and those younger than 18 years were excluded. Duplicate electrode medical records were also removed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the 117 enrolled patients, 29 had CLD and 88 did not. There were no significant differences in essential characteristics, comorbidities, biochemical profile, Glasgow coma scale (GCS) score at admission, or ICH sites. The length of hospital stay (LOS) and length of intensive care unit stay (LOICUS) are significantly longer in the CLD group (LOS: 20.8 vs. 13.5 days, <i>P</i> = 0.012; LOICUS: 11 vs. 5 days, <i>P</i> = 0.007). There was no significant difference in the mortality rate between the groups (31.8% vs. 28.4%, <i>P</i> = 0.655). The Wilcoxon rank-sum test for liver and coagulation profiles between survivors and the deceased revealed significant differences in the international normalized ratio (<i>P</i> = 0.02), including low platelet counts (<i>P</i> = 0.03) between survivors and the deceased. A multivariate analysis of mortality found that every 1 mL increase in ICH at admission increased the mortality rate by 3.9%, and every reduction in GCS at admission increased the mortality rate by 30.7%. In our subgroup analysis, we found that the length of ICU stay and LOS are significantly longer in patients with CLD who underwent emergent neurosurgery: 17.7 ± 9.9 days versus 7.59 ± 6.68 days, <i>P</i> = 0.002, and 27.1 ± 7.3 days versus 16.36 ± 9.08 days, <i>P</i> = 0.003, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>From our study's perspective, emergent neurosurgery is encouraged. However, there were more prolonged ICU and hospital stays. The mortality rate of patients with CLD who underwent emergent neurosurgery was not higher than that of patients without CLD.</p>","PeriodicalId":45873,"journal":{"name":"Tzu Chi Medical Journal","volume":"35 1","pages":"58-61"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/52/e0/TCMJ-35-58.PMC9972939.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10827921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of the influential factors for hepatic osteodystrophy in chronic liver disease: A case-control survey among the patients attending a tertiary care hospital in a rural region of Northern India.","authors":"Ekta Yadav,&nbsp;Rupan Deep Kaur,&nbsp;Aayushi Sasan,&nbsp;Sunny Garg","doi":"10.4103/tcmj.tcmj_27_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/tcmj.tcmj_27_22","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Hepatic osteodystrophy (HOD) is a well-recognized complication of chronic liver diseases (CLD), but the influential factors associated with this complication were studied scarcely in a rural Indian population. The study aims to evaluate the prevalence of HOD and variables that might influence it among cases diagnosed with CLD.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>It is a cross-sectional observational design survey that was performed in a hospital among the two-hundred cases and controls with a 1:1 ratio who were age (>18 years) and gender matched in a period between April and October 2021. They were subjected to etiological workup, hematological and biochemical investigations, and Vitamin D levels. Then, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry was used to measure the bone mineral densitometry (BMD) for whole-body, lumbar spine (LS), and hip. HOD was diagnosed according to the WHO criteria. Then, the Chi-square test and conditional logistic regression analysis were used to investigate the influential factors of HOD in CLD patients.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The whole-body, LS-spine, and hip BMDs in CLD cases were found to be significantly lower as compared to controls. When the participants among both groups were stratified by age and gender, a significant difference in LS-spine and hip BMD was observed in elderly patients (>60 years), and in both the male and female patients. HOD was found in 70% of CLD patients. After multivariate analysis in CLD patients, we identified that being a male patient (odds ratio [OR] = 3.03), older age (OR = 3.54), duration of illness for more than 5 years (OR = 3.89), decompensated liver dysfunction with Child-Turcotte-Pugh-B and C grading (OR = 8.28), and low level of Vitamin D (OR = 18.45) were the risk factors for HOD.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study concludes that severity of illness and lower level of Vitamin D were the main influential factors for HOD. Supplementation of Vitamin D and calcium in the patients can abate the risk of fractures in our rural communities.</p>","PeriodicalId":45873,"journal":{"name":"Tzu Chi Medical Journal","volume":"35 1","pages":"95-102"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/c6/32/TCMJ-35-95.PMC9972938.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10827927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Update in diagnosis and management of irritable bowel syndrome","authors":"Tsung-Hsing Hung, Chih-Ying Wang, Hsing-Feng Lee","doi":"10.4103/tcmj.tcmj_104_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/tcmj.tcmj_104_23","url":null,"abstract":"A BSTRACT Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a functional gastrointestinal disorder characterized by a lack of structural or biochemical abnormalities. The current diagnosis of IBS is based on the Rome IV criteria, and it is recommended to approach IBS patients using a multidimensional clinical profile (MDCP). The pathophysiology of IBS is multifactorial and involves motility disorders, genetic factors, immune responses, visceral hypersensitivity, brain–gut dysregulation, and altered intestinal microbiota. The management of IBS includes both nonpharmacologic and pharmacologic therapies. Nonpharmacologic therapy options include physical activity, low fermentable oligosaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides, and polyol diet, as well as cognitive behavioral therapy. Pharmacologic therapy options include probiotics, antidepressants, antispasmodics, and new agents. In clinical practice, a multidisciplinary strategy, including nonpharmacologic or/and pharmacologic treatment for IBS, is emphasized. Therefore, clinicians should carefully consider the underlying pathophysiology before selecting an appropriate therapeutic option for the treatment of IBS. In other words, individualized treatment plans are necessary for managing IBS.","PeriodicalId":45873,"journal":{"name":"Tzu Chi Medical Journal","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136005083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative study of different combinations of mirabegron and antimuscarinics in treatment for overactive bladder syndrome in elderly patients.","authors":"Yuh-Chen Kuo,&nbsp;Hann-Chorng Kuo","doi":"10.4103/tcmj.tcmj_209_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/tcmj.tcmj_209_21","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To compare the therapeutic efficacy, adverse events (AEs), and patient preference in elderly patients with overactive bladder (OAB) receiving different combinations of mirabegron and solifenacin.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Elderly OAB patients received mirabegron 25 mg (M25) daily for 1 month (1M) followed by randomization to receive M25 (Group 1), mirabegron 50 mg (M50, Group 2), solifenacin 5 mg (S5, group 3); or M25 plus S5 (Group 4) for further 2 months. Efficacy and AEs were evaluated. At the end of 3M, patients' preferred option for future treatment was investigated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 168 patients were enrolled, and 100 completed 3-month treatment. At 1M, all parameters improved significantly except postvoid residual (PVR), 23 (13.7%) patients had no symptom, 16 (9.5%) had no improvement, and 10 (6.0%) withdrew from the trial. Compared parameters at 3M with 1M revealed that quality of life, Patient's Perception of Bladder Condition scores, and voided volume improved significantly in group 1; the OAB Symptom Score (OABSS) increased in group 2; mean PVR and Global Response Assessment (GRA) deteriorated in group 3; and the OABSS and GRA improved in group 4. At 3M, the AEs prevalence increased significantly in group 3. Only 38.1% in group 4 preferred long-term usage of combination therapy.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>M25 daily is effective and safe in treating elderly OAB patients. Dose escalation to 50 mg or shifting to S5 does not increase the therapeutic efficacy. Combining M25 with S5 provides better treatment efficacy but is associated with lower patient compliance than M25 alone.</p>","PeriodicalId":45873,"journal":{"name":"Tzu Chi Medical Journal","volume":"35 1","pages":"62-68"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/38/1d/TCMJ-35-62.PMC9972936.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10827924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anxiety treatment of methamphetamine-dependent patients with buprenorphine: A randomized, double-blind, clinical trial.","authors":"Jamshid Ahmadi,&nbsp;Amir Bazrafshan,&nbsp;Ali Sahraian,&nbsp;Sara Jalali,&nbsp;Maedeh Fakhermanesh,&nbsp;Zahra Hooshyari","doi":"10.4103/tcmj.tcmj_297_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/tcmj.tcmj_297_21","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>In this double-blind, randomized clinical trial, the effectiveness of buprenorphine (BUPRE) in the reduction of anxiety symptoms among the methamphetamine (MA) dependents was evaluated.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The 60 MA-dependent patients were randomly assigned to three groups (0.1 mg, 1 mg, and 8 mg of BUPRE), The Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale was administrated to assess the anxiety symptoms daily at baseline and second to the 5^th day after intervention. The inclusion criteria were the MA dependence, age of over 18 years, and absence of any chronic physical illnesses; exclusion criteria were the presence of other drug dependence in combination with MA. The mixed-design analysis of variance was performed for data analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A significant main effect of time (<i>F</i> = 51.456, <i>P</i> < 0.001) and group (<i>F</i> = 4.572, <i>P</i> = 0.014) and group-by-time interaction (<i>F</i> = 8.475, <i>P</i> < 0.001) were detected.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This finding supports the efficacy of BUPRE to decrease anxiety. High doses of the drug (1 and 8 mg) were more effective than 0.1 mg. Here was not a significant difference between anxiety score when patients received 1 mg of BUPRE instead of 8 mg.</p>","PeriodicalId":45873,"journal":{"name":"Tzu Chi Medical Journal","volume":"35 1","pages":"89-94"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/69/70/TCMJ-35-89.PMC9972937.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9389129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between inhaled corticosteroid use and risk of hyperglycemia in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Fathur Nur Kholis, Kevin Gracia Pratama, Jessica Novia Hadiyanto","doi":"10.4103/tcmj.tcmj_131_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/tcmj.tcmj_131_23","url":null,"abstract":"A BSTRACT Objectives: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients have a higher risk of developing diabetes, and studies suggest that inhaled corticosteroids (ICSs) use may be associated with a higher risk of diabetes, particularly at higher doses. This study aims to investigate the effects of ICS use on the risk of diabetes and blood glucose levels in COPD patients. Materials and Methods: A systematic search was carried out on the PubMed, EBSCOhost, and ProQuest databases using the terms “Inhaled Corticosteroids,” “Diabetes,” and “Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease” for the period between 2013 and 2023. The systematic review adhered to the PRISMA 2020 guideline. A meta-analysis was conducted using a random-effects model using the RevMan 5 software. Results: A total of 14 studies were included in the final analysis, with 10 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and 4 observational studies. Two observational studies investigated the relationship between ICS dose and diabetes risk. A meta-analysis of the RCTs studies showed a nonstatistically significant tendency toward increased blood glucose (odds ratio [OR] 1.07 and 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.88–1.30) after a 52-week follow-up. Whereas the observational studies showed a tendency toward an increased risk of diabetes (OR 1.40 and 95% CI 0.96–2.03). Furthermore, a subgroup meta-analysis of high-dose ICS (&gt;900 mg/day) showed a significant increase in the risk of diabetes (OR 1.20 and 95% CI 1.09–1.32). Conclusion: Short-term use of ICS does not have a significant effect on blood glucose. However, long-term use, especially at higher doses, can increase the risk of developing diabetes.","PeriodicalId":45873,"journal":{"name":"Tzu Chi Medical Journal","volume":"83 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136005095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The relationship between child development and small for gestational age among preschool children.","authors":"Sheng-Hsun Chou,&nbsp;Shu-Hui Wen,&nbsp;Hsin-Chi Wu","doi":"10.4103/tcmj.tcmj_227_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/tcmj.tcmj_227_21","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aimed to assess the impact of small for gestational age (SGA) on the development of Taiwanese preschool children using the Chinese Child Developmental Inventory (CCDI).</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A total of 982 children were enrolled in this study between June 2011 and December 2015. The samples were divided into two groups: SGA (<i>n</i> = 116, mean age = 2.98) and non-SGA (<i>n</i> = 866, mean age = 3.33) groups. The development scores were based on the CCDI, which consist of eight dimensions of development between the two groups. The linear regression analysis was adopted to examine the relationship of SGA with child development.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>On average, the children in the SGA group scored less in all eight subitems of the CCDI than those in the non-SGA group. However, regression analysis revealed that there was no significant difference in both performance and delay frequency in the CCDI between the two groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>SGA children had similar developmental scores in CCDI as non-SGA children for preschool age in Taiwan.</p>","PeriodicalId":45873,"journal":{"name":"Tzu Chi Medical Journal","volume":"35 1","pages":"78-83"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/9e/27/TCMJ-35-78.PMC9972930.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10827920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Continuous positive airway pressure improved daytime sleepiness and memory function in patients with obstructive sleep apnea.","authors":"Ya-Ling Hong,&nbsp;Yu-Chih Shen,&nbsp;En-Ting Chang,&nbsp;Shu-Chin Kung","doi":"10.4103/tcmj.tcmj_4_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/tcmj.tcmj_4_22","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a sleep disorder which results in daytime sleepiness and impaired memory function. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) on daytime sleepiness and memory function in OSA patients. We also investigated whether CPAP compliance impacted the effect of this treatment.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The nonrandomized, nonblinded clinical trial enrolled 66 patients with moderate-to-severe OSA subjects. All subjects completed a polysomnographic study, daytime sleepiness questionnaires (the Epworth Sleepiness Scale and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index), and four memory function tests (working memory; processing speed [PS]; logical memory [LM]; face memory [FM]).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Before CPAP treatment, no significant differences (<i>P</i> < 0.05) were noted in the demographic data, daytime sleepiness, or memory function between two groups (with/without CPAP). However, OSA patients treated with CPAP for 2 months showed significant improvements in daytime sleepiness, PS, mostly of LM, and FM comparing to 2 months ago. As compared to those who did not receive CPAP treatment, CPAP can improve only parts of LM (delayed LM [DLM] and LM percentage [LMP]). In addition, compared to control group, a significant improvement of daytime sleepiness and LM (LM learning, DLM, and LMP) in good compliance with CPAP treatment group and of DLM and LMP in the low compliance with CPAP treatment group was found.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>CPAP treatment for 2 months could improve some of LM in OSA patients, especially in patients exhibiting good CPAP compliance.</p>","PeriodicalId":45873,"journal":{"name":"Tzu Chi Medical Journal","volume":"35 1","pages":"84-88"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/d7/81/TCMJ-35-84.PMC9972931.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9389134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experimental animal models and evaluation techniques in intracerebral hemorrhage.","authors":"Shaik Ismail Mohammed Thangameeran,&nbsp;Cheng-Yoong Pang,&nbsp;Chien-Hui Lee,&nbsp;Sheng-Tzung Tsai,&nbsp;Wei-Fen Hu,&nbsp;Hock-Kean Liew","doi":"10.4103/tcmj.tcmj_119_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/tcmj.tcmj_119_22","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is the most lethal type of cerebral stroke without effective therapy. Although clinical trials with various surgeries have been conducted, none have improved clinical outcomes compared to the current medical management for ICH. Several ICH animal models, including autologous blood injection, collagenase injection, thrombin injection, and microballoon inflation methods, have been developed to elucidate the underlying mechanisms of ICH-induced brain injury. These models could also be used for discovering new therapy for ICH preclinically. We summarize the existing ICH animal models and the evaluation parameters used to measure the disease outcomes. We conclude that these models, resembling the different aspects of ICH pathogenesis, have their advantages and disadvantages. None of the current models closely represent the severity of ICH seen in clinical settings. More appropriate models are needed to streamline ICH's clinical outcomes and be used for validating newly developed treatment protocols.</p>","PeriodicalId":45873,"journal":{"name":"Tzu Chi Medical Journal","volume":"35 1","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/0c/7f/TCMJ-35-1.PMC9972928.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9389136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}