Case Reports in Otolaryngology最新文献

{"title":"Clinicopathological Characteristics and Recurrence Patterns of Olfactory Neuroblastoma: A 15-Year Tertiary Center Case Series.","authors":"Mohsen Naraghi, Maryam Lotfi, Lindelwa Phakamile Mmema, Jazmin Kazravan, Amirhossein Babaei","doi":"10.1155/crot/4417318","DOIUrl":"10.1155/crot/4417318","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Olfactory neuroblastoma (ONB) is a rare malignant tumor of the sinonasal tract with heterogeneous clinical behavior and recurrence potential. Due to its low incidence, prognostic factors and optimal treatment strategies remain incompletely defined. The objective of this study was to describe the clinicopathological characteristics, treatment approaches, and recurrence patterns of ONB over a 15-year period at a tertiary referral center.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective case series and literature review were performed. Medical records of nine patients with histologically confirmed ONB treated between 2007 and 2022 were reviewed. Demographic characteristics, presenting symptoms, imaging findings, Hyams histologic grade, treatment modalities, and follow-up outcomes were analyzed. Diagnosis in every case rested on characteristic morphology together with a full neuroendocrine immunohistochemical panel, and Hyams grade was assigned on the definitive resection specimen. Variables that were not uniformly documented across the 15-year archive-clinical stage, surgical margin status and the anatomical compartment of recurrence-were deliberately not imputed and are reported as unavailable.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Patients ranged in age from 18 to 61 years (mean 41.3 ± 12.4 years; median 42 years), with a male predominance (6/9, 66.7%). The most common presenting symptoms were nasal congestion, headache, and nasal mass. All patients underwent surgical resection with curative intent, predominantly through endoscopic endonasal approaches, followed by adjuvant chemoradiotherapy. Within a uniform, protocol-defined posttreatment observation window of 3 years (median follow-up 36 months), tumor recurrence occurred in 4 of 9 patients (44.4%), and 5 of 9 patients (55.6%) remained free of documented recurrence. Recurrence was observed across different Hyams grades, including grade I tumors, without a statistically significant association between histologic grade, age, or gender and recurrence.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>ONB demonstrates variable clinical presentation and recurrence patterns, even following multimodal treatment. Histologic grade alone may not reliably predict recurrence in small cohorts. Recurrence despite low-grade histology and uniformly administered chemoradiotherapy supports grade-, stage-, and margin-adapted rather than uniform adjuvant strategies, and structured surveillance continued well beyond 5 years.</p>","PeriodicalId":45872,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Otolaryngology","volume":"2026 ","pages":"4417318"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13678280/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149225185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Giant Pleomorphic Adenoma of the Parotid Gland: Surgical Management of a Long-Standing Tumor With Facial Deformity and Preservation of Facial Nerve Function.","authors":"Francesco Ferragina, Angelo R Sottile, Giuseppe Tarallo, Maria Grazia Ioppolo, Maria Giulia Cristofaro","doi":"10.1155/crot/7531403","DOIUrl":"10.1155/crot/7531403","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Pleomorphic adenoma (PA), the most prevalent benign neoplasm of the parotid gland, typically manifests as a slow-growing, painless mass. In cases where treatment is substantially delayed, the tumor may undergo progressive enlargement, potentially resulting in significant facial deformity. This, in turn, can complicate surgical management.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>A 60-year-old female patient exhibited a long-standing right parotid mass that had been gradually increasing in size since 2007, with a notable escalation in dimensions during the year prior to the preliminary assessment. Magnetic resonance imaging in 2021 revealed a well-defined, multilobulated right parotid lesion measuring over 9 cm, and fine-needle aspiration cytology was consistent with PA. Despite the recommendation of surgical excision, the patient initially declined treatment and was subsequently lost to follow-up. In 2025, the patient returned with a parotid mass measuring over 15 cm, accompanied by pronounced facial asymmetry and significant skin stretching. The patient underwent a superficial parotidectomy with complete excision of the lesion, meticulous monitoring of the facial nerve, and preservation of its function. Concurrently, surgical interventions were performed to modify the patient's skin. A subsequent histopathological examination confirmed the presence of PA, devoid of any substantial nuclear atypia or augmented mitotic activity. On Postoperative Day 3, a hematoma developed at the surgical site, necessitating surgical evacuation and hemostatic revision. The ensuing recovery was uneventful, and follow-up at 14 months postoperatively confirmed no recurrence and complete facial nerve function.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This case exemplifies the ramifications of protracted untreated growth of a PA, culminating in substantial tumor enlargement and pronounced facial deformity. Notwithstanding the advanced size of the lesion, complete excision was achieved while preserving the function of the facial nerve. In the management of giant parotid tumors, meticulous surgical planning and close postoperative monitoring are paramount.</p>","PeriodicalId":45872,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Otolaryngology","volume":"2026 ","pages":"7531403"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13670200/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149216963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Obstructive Fibrinous Tracheal Pseudomembrane Following Short-Term Intubation: A Case Report and Management Considerations.","authors":"Sami Khoury, Kevin Fung, Peng You, Julie Strychowsky","doi":"10.1155/crot/1913505","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/crot/1913505","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Obstructive fibrinous tracheal pseudomembrane (OFTP) is a rare but serious complication of endotracheal intubation that can cause airway obstruction, postextubation stridor, and respiratory distress. Due to its nonspecific presentation, it is often misdiagnosed and early recognition and intervention are critical to prevent respiratory compromise.</p><p><strong>Case: </strong>We present the case of a 17-year-old female who required 36 h of intubation for status epilepticus. She developed stridor within 24 h of extubation and presented with subglottic narrowing that did not respond to medical treatment. Bronchoscopy revealed a fibrinous pseudomembrane coating the subglottic and tracheal mucosa down to the carina, which was successfully removed, leading to complete symptom resolution. She did not have any recurrence postoperatively and no residual symptoms at her follow-up.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>This case highlights the importance of considering OFTP in patients with postextubation stridor refractory to medical therapy. While ischemic injury from high endotracheal cuff pressures is a known cause, mechanical trauma and aspiration may also contribute. Bronchoscopy is essential in the diagnosis and treatment of this condition.</p>","PeriodicalId":45872,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Otolaryngology","volume":"2026 ","pages":"1913505"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13653076/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149171351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnostic and Therapeutic Perspectives on Parotid Mammary Analog Secretory Carcinoma: Two Case Reports and Literature Review.","authors":"Francesco Ferragina, Ida Barca, Giuseppe Tarallo, Angelo R Sottile, Maria Grazia Ioppolo, Maria Giulia Cristofaro","doi":"10.1155/crot/5512895","DOIUrl":"10.1155/crot/5512895","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mammary analog secretory carcinoma (MASC) is a rare malignant tumor of the salivary glands that exhibits significant morphological, immunohistochemical, and molecular similarities with secretory carcinoma of the breast, including the characteristic <i>ETV6</i>-<i>NTRK3</i> gene fusion. The diagnosis of this condition remains challenging due to its histopathologic overlap with other low-grade salivary gland tumors, such as acinic cell carcinoma and mucoepidermoid carcinoma. The following report details two cases of MASC manifesting in the right parotid gland of a 37-year-old male and a 23-year-old female. Both subjects exhibited slow-growing, painless swellings and radiologic findings indicative of benign lesions. The surgical excision procedure was performed on the first patient via extracapsular dissection, while the second patient underwent superficial parotidectomy. Both procedures were carried out under the supervision of intraoperative facial nerve monitoring. A subsequent histopathological and immunohistochemical examination revealed a glandulocystic growth pattern with eosinophilic secretions and strong immunoreactivity for CK7, S100, and mammaglobin. Although molecular testing for the <i>ETV6</i>-<i>NTRK3</i> fusion was not performed, the clinical, morphological, and immunophenotypic findings supported the diagnosis of low-grade secretory carcinoma. The patients exhibited uncomplicated recovery, with transient facial nerve paresis in the second patient resolving within 3 months. The first patient remains disease-free after 40 months of clinical and radiological follow-up, while the second patient has shown no evidence of recurrence after 21 months of follow-up. The cases under consideration serve to emphasize the importance of integrating morphology and immunohistochemistry in routine practice, with molecular confirmation remaining the diagnostic gold standard whenever it is available. It is imperative to be aware of this entity to ensure an accurate diagnosis, optimal surgical management, and appropriate long-term surveillance. Emerging evidence suggests that targeted therapy with NTRK inhibitors may represent a promising option for advanced or recurrent disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":45872,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Otolaryngology","volume":"2026 ","pages":"5512895"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13615665/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149065059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Facial Nerve Hemangioma in the Internal Auditory Canal: A Rare Localization and Therapeutic Challenge.","authors":"Yasmine Elamrani, Mohammed-Amine Salek, Achraf Amine Sbai, Drissia Benfadil, Azzedine Lachkar, Fahd El Ayoubi El Idrissi","doi":"10.1155/crot/3347034","DOIUrl":"10.1155/crot/3347034","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Facial nerve hemangiomas (FNHs) are rare vascular tumors that often mimic other facial nerve disorders, making diagnosis and management challenging. This report highlights a case of FNH in the internal auditory canal (IAC) successfully treated via a translabyrinthine approach.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>A 64-year-old female patient with a history of squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue presented with progressive left-sided peripheral facial paralysis (House-Brackmann Grade IV), associated with ipsilateral hearing loss and vertigo. MRI revealed a nodular lesion in the IAC with imaging features suggestive of a vascular origin. Due to symptom severity, surgical excision was performed using a translabyrinthine approach. Intraoperatively, a vascular lesion compressing but not infiltrating the facial nerve was excised, and histopathology confirmed FNH.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The patient showed significant postoperative improvement, with facial nerve function improving to House-Brackmann Grade II at 6 months.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Early recognition and surgical intervention for symptomatic FNHs can prevent further neurological impairment. The translabyrinthine approach offers effective tumor removal while preserving facial nerve integrity.</p>","PeriodicalId":45872,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Otolaryngology","volume":"2026 ","pages":"3347034"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13575487/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148978279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Peptide Receptor Radionucleotide Therapy for Unresectable Paediatric Head and Neck Paraganglioma in Aotearoa New Zealand.","authors":"Matthew McCall, Jonathan Stevenson, Benjamin Chan","doi":"10.1155/crot/9910461","DOIUrl":"10.1155/crot/9910461","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Head and neck paragangliomas present incidentally or with signs of mass effect. Approximately 30%-40% are hereditary, which typically present at a younger age. Given their proximity to vital structures, they are often inoperable, and alternative treatment options have significant side effects. We present a case of a paediatric patient with a glomus jugulare paraganglioma who received peptide receptor radionucleotide therapy (PRRT), a targeted molecular therapy. We observed a good molecular response stable disease at 12-month follow-up and radiologically stable disease at 15 months posttreatment. PRRT is not currently a widely accessible treatment option, and the literature reports a reasonable disease response in treatment of head and neck paraganglioma.</p>","PeriodicalId":45872,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Otolaryngology","volume":"2026 ","pages":"9910461"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13550992/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148913764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Unusual Case of a Hypopharyngeal Mass in a Patient Presenting With Weakness.","authors":"Christine M Mavilian, Jun Yun, Alice C Yu, Chau T Nguyen","doi":"10.1155/crot/5553911","DOIUrl":"10.1155/crot/5553911","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this report, we present the unique case of an incidentally discovered hypopharyngeal mass later found to be papillary thyroid cancer in an 86-year-old woman with a past medical history of Parkinson's disease and papillary thyroid cancer. Though the patient presented with dysphagic and dysphonic symptoms, her history of Parkinson's disease, presenting symptoms of falls and weakness, and a lack of palpable nodules obscured the diagnosis. Our case emphasizes the importance of maintaining a high clinical index of suspicion for head and neck pathology in patients with a history of thyroid cancer to ensure early recognition of atypical disease presentations.</p>","PeriodicalId":45872,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Otolaryngology","volume":"2026 ","pages":"5553911"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13543298/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148897950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lemierre's Syndrome With External Jugular Vein Thrombosis Following Submandibular Sialadenitis: A Life-Threatening Complication.","authors":"Sara Torretta, Lorenzo Cavaleri, Lorenzo Gaini","doi":"10.1155/crot/4595472","DOIUrl":"10.1155/crot/4595472","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Lemierre's syndrome is a rare but potentially life-threatening condition traditionally characterized by bacteremia, septic thrombophlebitis of the internal jugular vein, and metastatic septic emboli following pharyngotonsillitis. We report an atypical presentation originating from submandibular sialadenitis and complicated by external jugular vein thrombophlebitis.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>A 26-year-old man presented with high-grade fever, sore throat, and right submandibular swelling persisting for 7 days. Contrast-enhanced CT revealed right submandibular sialadenitis, thrombosis of the right external jugular vein without abscess formation, and bilateral cavitary pulmonary lesions consistent with septic emboli. Blood cultures identified <i>Fusobacterium necrophorum</i> as the causative pathogen. The patient was managed in the intensive care unit with vasopressor support, high-flow nasal oxygen, weight-based therapeutic anticoagulation (enoxaparin), and targeted intravenous antibiotics. Complete clinical and radiological recovery, including venous recanalization, was achieved without surgical intervention.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Clinicians must maintain a high index of suspicion for Lemierre's syndrome even when thrombosis involves noninternal jugular neck veins or when the primary infectious focus is nonpharyngeal. Prompt multidisciplinary management is key to favorable outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":45872,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Otolaryngology","volume":"2026 ","pages":"4595472"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13537299/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148882065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transient Sensorineural Hearing Loss and Rhabdomyolysis, Associated With Chronic Kratom Use.","authors":"Hiroto Watanabe, Kathy Zhang, Yekaterina Shapiro","doi":"10.1155/crot/9699246","DOIUrl":"10.1155/crot/9699246","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Kratom is a colloquial name for products derived from the mitragyna plant species originating in Southeast Asia and now widely available in the United States as a dietary supplement. Kratom is used primarily for self-management of pain, anxiety, and opioid withdrawal due to its partial agonist activity on mu opioid receptors, as well as other neurotransmitter pathways. We present a case of a 32-year-old male who presented with septic shock requiring vasopressors and unilateral acute hearing loss. He was found to have acute kidney injury secondary to rhabdomyolysis and auriculitis. He required emergent hemodialysis for severe electrolyte abnormalities and treatment with antibiotics and steroids for auriculitis. He spontaneously recovered hearing during his hospital admission, and his kidney function improved. This case underscores the potential complications associated with kratom use and its sedating effects and the need for further characterization of kratom toxicity to distinguish it from other toxidromes.</p>","PeriodicalId":45872,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Otolaryngology","volume":"2026 ","pages":"9699246"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13519294/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148841465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transcanal Endoscopic Ear Surgery for Conductive Hearing Loss in Postoperative Ears: A Report of Two Cases.","authors":"Hisashi Sugimoto, Manabu Inaba, Goki Nagasaki, Tomokazu Yoshizaki","doi":"10.1155/crot/7846152","DOIUrl":"10.1155/crot/7846152","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Revision middle ear surgery for persistent conductive hearing loss after previous tympanoplasty or ossiculoplasty is technically demanding because of scar tissue, anatomical distortion, and the unpredictable status of the ossicular chain. Although transcanal endoscopic ear surgery (TEES) has been increasingly adopted for primary tympanoplasty and ossiculoplasty, its feasibility as the sole surgical modality in postoperative ears has rarely been reported.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>We describe two adult patients (Case 1: a 63-year-old man and Case 2: a 72-year-old man) who presented with long-standing conductive hearing loss in dry, well-aerated postoperative ears following previous tympanoplasty performed at outside institutions. Preoperative four-frequency pure-tone average (PTA) air-bone gaps (ABGs) ranged from 28.75 to 40.00 dB (mean, 34.38 dB) with preserved bone-conduction (BC) thresholds. In both patients, TEES was performed exclusively through a minimal skin incision just above the tympanic membrane, without a retroauricular approach. Intraoperatively, fixation of the ossicular chain involved not only the previously placed columella but also the native ossicles, requiring complete release in each case. Type III tympanoplasty was performed in both cases<b>.</b> According to the IOOG SAMEO-ATO framework, both procedures were classified as S2r A1 Mx Ex Ox Ax Tx Ost.</p><p><strong>Outcome: </strong>The mean four-frequency PTA air-conduction threshold improved from 66.25 dB preoperatively to 42.19 dB postoperatively (mean hearing gain, 24.07 dB), and the mean postoperative ABG was reduced to 10.32 dB (range, 8.75-11.88 dB). Both patients (100%) fulfilled the criteria for postoperative hearing improvement according to the 2010 guidelines of the Japan Otological Society. No intraoperative or postoperative complications-including facial nerve injury, sensorineural hearing loss, dysgeusia, or vertigo-were observed during the follow-up period (mean, 18.5 months; range, 12-25 months).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In carefully selected postoperative ears with a dry middle ear and good BC reserve, TEES may serve as a useful minimally invasive alternative to the conventional retroauricular microscopic approach, offering advantages in surgical visualization, operability, and reduced invasiveness. Larger studies are warranted to define optimal indications and long-term outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":45872,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Otolaryngology","volume":"2026 ","pages":"7846152"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13495555/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148799406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}